我国煤层气开发研究现状调研

摘要

煤层气产业是新兴的能源产业，具有广阔的发展潜力。我国是一个煤层气储量很丰富的国家。但是我国煤层气的储量评价、储层模拟、开发技术等的研究都还处在初级水平，进一步研究和合理开发利用煤层气尤为重要。虽然煤层气的开发利用能降低温室效应，但也会引发很多的环境问题，必须妥善解决。否则环保问题就可能成为煤层气产业发展的瓶颈。

本文开始主要介绍了煤层气的成因（生物成因和热成因）、煤层气的化学组分（主要成分是甲烷）、煤层气的物理性质、煤层气对环境的影响。同时也介绍了煤层气的利用途径，如化工原料、合成油、工业和民用燃料。准确的估计煤层气储量对其生产起到关键作用，所以本文详细的讲解了煤层气储量的评价方法，尤其是体积法和物质平衡法还给出了计算公式。通过对煤储层中煤层气的生成、储集、运移和产出机理的了解，概化出了煤层气储层模拟的地质模型；以油气藏数值模拟和数值计算方法为工具，总结出描述三维、双孔隙、非平衡吸附、拟稳态条件下气—水两相流体混相运移规律的煤层气储层模拟的数学模型；在查阅有关煤层气定向羽状水平井的增产机理的资料后，综述了双重介质下煤层气—水流动方程、孔隙度—渗透率压力敏感性模型、定向羽状水平井简化模型和井筒压降模型。最后对本文做出总结。

关键词：煤层气；煤层气储量；煤层气储层；定向羽状水平井；井筒压降模型

西南石油大学本科毕业设计（论文）

Abstract

Coalbed methane industry which is an emerging energy industry has a vast potential for development. China is a country which is very rich in coalbed methane．But China's coalbed methane's reservoir evaluation, reservoir simulation, the development of research and technology are still at the initial level, Thus it is particularly important that we should further research , develop and make full use of coal-bed methane rationally．Although the development and utilization of coalbed methane to reduce the greenhouse effect, but it also led to a lot of environmental problems, so it must be properly addressed．Otherwise, Environmental issues may be constraints on the development of coal-bed methane industry．

The beginning of this article describes the main causes of coal-bed methane (biogenic and thermal causes), the chemical composition of coal-bed methane (main component is methane), the physical properties of coal-bed methane, The environmental impact of coal-bed methane．At the same time, I also introduced the Application of coal-bed methane, such as chemical raw materials, synthetic, industrial and civilian fuel. Accurate estimates of coal-bed methane reserves play a key role in the production of CBM , so this article explains the evaluation of coal-bed methane reserves in detail, especially the volume of law and the material balance method. Through understanding of the generation of coal-bed methane reservoir, reservoir, migration and the mechanism output, I have outlined the geological model simulation of the coal-bed methane reservoirs; with oil and gas reservoir simulation and numerical calculation methods, I also summed up the coalbed methane reservoir simulation mathematical model of three-dimensional, dual porosity, non-equilibrium adsorption, Steady-state conditions to be gas - water miscible two-phase migration rule body; I have access to the information of coal-bed methane wells in plume-oriented production mechanism, and then I summed up the model of coal-bed methane - water flow equation under the dual-medium, Porosity - permeability of the pressure sensitivity model, Directional feather horizontal wells simplified model and Well-bore pressure drop model. Finally, I sum up this article.

Key words: Coal-bed Methane; coal-bed methane reserves; coal-bed methane reservoir; directional plume horizontal wells; well-bore pressure drop model