新世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读a课文翻译
新世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读A解答+课文翻译
Unit 11.permanent2.had assembled3.discharging4.meekly5.apprentice6.partiality7.obscure8.exalted9.intruding 10.cordially 11.ambition 12.gallantlyCLOZE：BDCAB ADABB DBDAA CCDCB、1.他想当足球明星的梦想随着时间的推移慢慢消退了。
His dream of becoming a football star faded out as time went by.2.一架波音747飞机没有升到足够的高度以飞越那座高山，转瞬间一头撞向大山爆炸了。
机上无人生还。
A Boeing 747 aircraft didn’t gain enough height to clear the mountain. In a twinkling, it crashed into the mountain and blew up. No one survived the accident.3.学生们可以很容易地获得图书馆的资源，所以他们应该充分地利用好图书馆。
Students have easy access to the resources in the library, so they are supposed to make the best of it.4.当时世界上最豪华的游轮泰坦尼克号在她前往美国的途中撞到了冰山，结果轮船沉没在大西洋中，成百上千的人死于这场海难。
Titanic, the most luxurious ship in the world at that time, hit an iceberg when she was under way to the US. Consequently, the ship sank into the Atlantic Ocean and thousands of people died in this shipwreck.5.每年夏天，游客们都涌向这一著名的海滩。
新世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读a课文翻译和答案
第一单元：Vocabulary Study：1.permanent2.had assembled3.discharging4.meekly5.apprentice6.partiality7.obscure8.exalted9.intruding 10cordially 11ambition 12.gallantlyCLOZE：BDCAB ADABB DBDAA CCDCB、Translation:1.His dream of becoming a footble star faded out as timewent by .2.A Boeiay/Boeing 747 aircraft didn’t gain enough height to climb the mountain.In a twinking ,it crash into the mountain and blew up .No one survied in the accident.3. Student have easy access to the resource in the libracy. so they are supposed to make the best of it .4.Titanic,the most luxurious ship in the world at the time .hit an icebery when she was under the way to the USA.Consequently, the ship sank into Atlantic Ocean and thousands of people died in this shipwreck.5.Every summer, all the tourists pour into this famous beach ,they packed like sardines on the beach to enjoy the sunshine.6.They have been to ST louis once and have a vague konwledge of its wonderful food ,but the day of their glory is over now ,they laspse into a humble silence and learn to disappear when the ruthless lindneer approches.第二单元：Vocabulary Study1.advocated2.extravagant3.vulnerable4.guru5.potential6.dispel7.shunned8.acclaimed9.enthusiasts10.stave off11.attendant 12.eventured CLOZE: CBDAD CDBAC BBCCD ABCAC.Translation:1.Some cyber gurus claim that internet will precent wars reduce pollution and combat various of inquality.2.Although,internet can undernible fosters communication, It will not put an end to wars . since wars are by no means cause by the failure of different people to understand each other equlty.3.The internet can help reduce energy comsumption and pollution ,only if doing things online replace realworld activies.4.The poor are not shunning the internet because they cannot affort it the problem is that they lack the skills to exploit it efficiently, therefore, it make more sense to improve universal literacy than universal.5.Thanks to internet ,income inequality between people doing similar jods in different countries has been reduced. however, the inequality between information works in poor countries and their porrest compatroits has been increased.6.If human nature remains stablely changed ,desipte the claim of technologist predict ,humanity cannot simply incent away its failing.第三单元：Vocabulary Study1.sank2.clear3.rainfall4.drought5.Flowering6.loose7.pores8.graze9.spine 10.trapped 11.venture 12.fertileCLOSE: CBDAB DBCCA ACDAC CADABTranslation:1.Many stuies indicate that thedesert air is so dry that it contains any moisture.2.Although the children form age 5 to 16 must go to school in Britain according to the laws ,about 1%of the children still can not read when they have primary school.3.After heared the news ,I knew i fell vestless again within a fornight .4.We think unanimouly to answer the question ,we must look more closely at the faces.5.Though out the world, goverment at all levels are taking effectively measures to prevent environment pollution.6.Some people think that the objective items ,such as multiple choices, should be used for an examation, others donot agree, because they believe that this kind test has some bad effect on students leaning.第四单元Vocabulary Study1.Physical2.accumulation3.diversity4.precipitated5.muscular6.pathological7.symptomatic8.vigorous9.psychologically 10.Anxiety 11.restored 12.refreshedCLOSE: ACDCB BCCBD CDCBA ADCDBTranslation:1.I find that walking along the quiet lake can provide refreshment form a day is sedentary jod.2.Exercising and relexing youself is often prescribed as an effective cure for fatigue.3.The less active you are ,the faster aging process accelerates and the more vulnerable you became to physical and psychological problems.4.We are collecting money for repairs to the chur .if any of you would like to make a contribution ,we shall be most grateful.5.The scientist are currently focus on making experiment,in hope of finding effective methods to cure cancers.5.The speach that the chairman delivered at the conferences made much sense to regain the confidence of empolyees.第五单元Vocabulary Study1.uniform2.distinguish/recognize3.ascertained4.recognized5.unique6.outlet7.tactile8.rigid9.secure 10.acquisition 11.fruitful 12.foundationCLOSE :ADBBA DDCBA CCADB DCABATranslation:1.Tt is generally accepted that the upbring of the childild with the home is closely related to the education of the child in school.2.Jennifer is the chief of personal for the NewYork Heracal Tribune ,where she is also responsible editcrical work in the fied of public relations .3. It was two years ago that Jeff met Rose at his sister"s birthaday party ,they had been communited with each other by email since then the more Jeff know Rose ,the more he like her.4. The measure is effective not only in providing job opportunity for the laid-off works ,but also in limiting price increases.5Similarly , they inefficiency treated the political and economical back ground of the cinspiracy.6Tremendacs capital has met the needs of rapid economic growth on one hand and has caused the in flation on the other hand.第六单元Vocabulary Study1.As a matter of fact2.are plagued3.versus4.have ben reflecting on5.positive 6is implementing 7.will enroll 8.has been enriched 9.aspiration 10.academic 11.well-informed mitment toCLOSE:: BBACB BCAAD CBABD BBCCBTranslation:1.Passing the English examination should enhance your chances of getting the post.2.The discovery of god in the valley will enrish the mountain area.3. Only when police confronted her with evidence ,did she admited that she had stolen the money.4. The meting will afford you an opportunity of hearing good public speakers.5. An offical statement laid to rest the remain fears aout possible redundancies in the industry.6.MARY IS pretty bright ,ASa matter of ,her teacher told me that she is certain to get a university place this year.第七单元：Vocabulary Study1.downsized2.dynamic3.yield4.had guaranteed5.inflict6.budget7.priority8.accelerating9.shirk 10.vitally 11.jiopardize 12.criteria CLOSE：CDBCA BCBBA DDABA BCCDCTranslation:1.Black people in this area complained to the goverment that they had been subjected to repeated racial attacks from the local police officers.2.The goverment officers are inclined to apply the science and technology to short -term projects ,which is benifical to scientific development.3.The precious manager did not want to invest time and money in training the employees who could leave the company any times,an a result of which ,there was a scrious talent drain.4.We are collecting money for repairs to the church ,if any of you would like to make a contribution ,we shall be most grateful .5.The scientist are currently focus on making expeiments,in hope of finding efctive methods to cure cancers.6.The speach that the chairman delivered at the conferences made much sense to regain the confidence of empolyees.第八单元Vocabulary Study1.acid2.shaded3.knock-on4.Drain5.banks6.spacing7.band8.needles9.filter 10.altitudes 11.variables anismCLOSE: CACDA BAACD DBDCB ACDABTranslation:1.Mexico city is one of the most popucated cities in the world.2.The finding shows that a substantial difference between the opinions of men and woman.3. I can’t r emember whether i left my credit card home or in the car .4.We cannot assume the suspects to be gulity simly because they are deliveed to remain silent.5.The main question that faces Chinese economists at present is how to use the price levers and the competition system to direct resources into areas which yield better returns.6.It is assumed in the next 20 years the most surprisiing development will take pace in the space flight ,but now space craft a being developed and they can be used many times instand of only one.第九单元：Vocabulary Study1applied 2repentance 3penetrated 4monkey-like 5contrast 6impressed 7passionate 8awakened 9succeeded 10blossoms 11expectant 12opportunityCLOSE: CDBAA DABCC DBCBC DABBATranslation:1.On those days and nights when I was waiting for the results of the Entrance Examination,my heart was filled with wonder(or uncertainty).Iwondered what the fouture held for me,of surprise and excitement or disappointment and sorrow.2.The little girl ran swiftly to catch up with her mother and stretched out her hand to her mother,crying for more candies and drinks.But the mother persisted that they had bought encough.3.His wife was sent into the operation room.He walked to and fro outside,smoking one cigarette after another.When he saw the door opened,he felt a thrill of tenseness.4.Under the gaze of his colleagues,he flushed with embarrassment and bowwed hi head.He casually took up a newspaper and hid hi face behind it,petending to be reading it.5.They fixed all their attention on the research project on hand.They believed that as long as they didn’t lose heart,they woule succeed in thesse experiments in time.6.She had just given birth to an infant when her husband left/deserted her.In despair,she shut herself and the infant in aroom,claiming that they would perish together.Thanks to the policemen who came in time,the mother and the daughter escaped death by a hair’s breath(or had a narrow escape).第十单元：Vocabulary Study：1.in his own right2.make good use of3.ready for4.went forth5.are looking forward to6.figure out7.assembled8.were dissolving9.withstand 10.controversy 11.an obstacle 12.resembleCLOSE：CABBD ADADA DDCCC BCADATranslation:1.we must figure out how to solve the tissue-rejecuion problem.2.his behavior under fire approved him a man of courage.3.In addition to the impressiveness of the settings,there is aue of the camera that at times seems magical.4.At first,no ready technical data were available,but we managed to go without.5.She has some difficulty in giving shape to her ideas.But she resembles her mother in the way she moves her hands when she talks.6.The most part of their designs corresponds to actual needs and regulations on environmental demand,the other part needs reconsidering.一个小男孩的梦想马克吐温1我小的时候，我们那密西西比河西岸的村镇上，玩伴们都只有一个水恒的志愿。
新世纪研究生公共英语教材A课后翻译(非全)
2.锻炼和放松自己通常被认为是治疗疲劳症的有 效方法。
Exercising and relaxing yourself is often prescribed as an effective cure for fatigue / an effective way to cure fatigue.
4.穷人不用因特网并不是因为他们买不起，而是 因为他们缺乏必要的技能来有效地利用它，所 以提高老百姓的文化水平要比给他们提供上网 机会更有意义。
The poor are not shunning the Internet because they cannot afford it. The problem is that they lack the skills to exploit it effectively. Therefore, it makes more sense to aim for universal literacy than universal Internet access.
6.大规模的货币投资，一方面满足了经济高速增 长的需要，另一方面也造成了通货膨胀。
货币投资：capital investment/ input 通货膨胀: inflation
Large capital investment has met the need of rapid economic growth on one hand, and has caused inflation on the other hand.
新世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读A答案解析课后题全
新世纪研究⽣公共英语教材阅读A答案解析课后题全第⼀单元：Vocabulary Study：1.permanent2.had assembled3.discharging4.meekly5.apprentice6.partiality7.obscure8.exalted9.intruding 10cordially 11ambition 12.gallantlyCLOZE：BDCAB ADABB DBDAA CCDCB、Translation:1.His dream of being a football star faded out as timewent by.2.A Boeing 747 aircraft didn’t gain enough height to climb the mountain.In a twinkling,it crashed into the mountain and blew up.No one survived in the accident.3. Students have easy access to the libraryresource, so they are supposed to make the best of it.4.Titanic,the most luxurious ship in the world at the time, hit an iceberg when she was under the way to theUS.Consequently, the ship sank into the Atlantic Ocean and thousands of people died in this shipwreck.5.Every summer, all the tourists pour into this famous beach. They lie packed like sardines on the beach to enjoy the sunbathing.6.They have been to St.Louis once and have a vague general knowledge of its wonderful food,but the day of their glory is over now. They lapse into a humble silence and learn to disappear when the ruthless engineer approaches.第⼆单元：Vocabulary Study1.advocated2.extravagant3.vulnerable4.guru5.potential6.dispel7.shunned8.acclaimed9.enthusiasts10.staveoff11.attendant 12.venturedII.l. eradicated 2. enthralled 3. obso1ete 4. disproved5. foster 6. ludicrous 7. apparent 8. avert9. displaced l0. patriots 1 l. endeavors l2. hailedCLOZE:CBDAD CDBAC BBCCD ABCAC.Translation:1.Some cybergurus claim that the internet will prevent wars, reduce pollution and bat various forms of inequality.2.Although,the internet undeniable fosters munications, it will not put an end to wars, since wars are by no means caused by the failure of different people to understand each other adequately.3.The internet can help reduce energy consumption and pollution,only if doing things online genuinelydisplaces real-world activities.4.The poor are not shunning the internet because they cannot afford it.The problem is that they lack the skills to exploit it efficiently. Therefore, it makes more sense to aim for universal literacy than universal internet access.5.Thanks to the internet,ine inequality between people doing similar jobs in different countries has been reduced. However, the inequality between information workers in poor countries and their poorest patriots has been increased.6.If human nature remains stubbornly unchanged,despite the claims of the techno-prophets,humanity cannot simply invent away its failings.课⽂参考译⽂:因特⽹不能做什么？1 在1858年第⼀根横穿⼤西洋的通讯电缆铺设成功时，维多利亚时代的积极分⼦们曾欢呼说：“像电报这种为世界各国交流思想的⼯具诞⽣之后；那些根深蒂固的偏见与敌意不可能再长时间存在了。
新世纪研究生公共英语教材 阅读A--第六单元课文及翻译
Unit 6 How Service Experiences Affect Students During college，service participants exhibit greater increases in social self confidence and leadership ability than do non-participants.大学期间，参加社会服务的学生比不参加社会服务的学生更能提高自己的领导能力和社交方面的自信。
1. Currently，higher education is confronting urgent calls to return to its original mission of developing a well-informed, critically thinking, and civically engaged citizenry.当前对高等教育最迫切的要求是它能重新担负起其最初的使命，即培养广闻博见、独立思考、社会意识强的公民。
2．What exactly can higher education do to promote citizenship development among students, and at the same time address the myriad problems that continue to plague society?高等教育究竟该怎样才能做到既能进一步提高学生的公民意识，又能解决仍在困扰社会的诸多问题呢？3. One answer may be found within the college or university curriculum, through the simple but extremely powerful pedagogical tool known as "service learning". The basic idea behind service learning is to use a community or public service experience to enhance the meaning and impact of traditional course content. Connecting service directly with academic courses makes it quite different from "volunteer" work that is performed in the community. Service learning also involves more than simply sending a class of students into communities for additional course credit. Properly designed service learning courses relate the community service experience to the course material and require that students reflect on their experiences through writings, discussions, or class presentations. Service learning not only enriches traditional course content by giving the student an opportunity to "test" or "demonstrate" abstract theory in the real world, it also improves the quality of the service being performed by giving it an intellectual underpinning.一种解决方案在于大学的课程设置，即把“社会服务学习”作为简单但强有力的教育工具。
新世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读A课后题翻译1
UNIT81. Mexico city is one of the most populated cities in the world.2. The finding shows a substantial difference between the opinions of men and woman.3. I can't remember whether I left my credit card home or in the car.4. We can’t assume the suspects to be guilty simply because they are decided to remain silent.5. The main question that faces Chinese economists at present is how to use the price levers and the competition system to direct resources into areas which yield better returns.6. It is assumed that in the next 20 years, the most surprising development will take pace in the space flight. Now space shuttles are being developed and they can be used many times instead of only one.UNIT91. On those days and nights when I was waiting for the results of the Entrance Examination, my heart was filled with wonder (or uncertainty).I wondered what the future held for me, of surprise and excitement or disappointment and sorrow.2. The little girl ran swiftly to catch up with her mother and stretched out her hand to her mother, crying for more candies and drinks. But the mother persisted that they had bought enough.3. His wife was sent into the operation room. He walked to and fro outside, smoking one cigarette after another. When he saw the door opened, he felt a thrill of tenseness.4. Under the gaze of his colleagues, he flushed with embarrassment and bowed his head. He casually took up a newspaper and hid his face behind it, pretending to be reading it.5. They fixed all their attention on the research project on hand. They believed that as long as they didn't lose heart, they would succeed in theses experiments in time.6. She had just given birth to an infant when her husband left/deserted her. In despair, she shut herself and the infant in a room, claiming that they would perish together. Thanks to the policemen who came in time, the mother and the daughter escaped death by a hair's breath (or had a narrow escape).UNIT101. We must figure out how to solve the tissue-rejection problem.2. His behavior under fire approved him a man of courage.3. In addition to the impressiveness of the settings, there is use of the camera that at times seems magical.4. At first, no ready technical data were available, but we managed to go without.5. She has some difficulty in giving shape to her ideas. But she resembles her mother in the way she moves her hands when she talks.6. the most part of their designs corresponds to actual needs and regulations on environmental demand, the other part needs reconsidering.UNIT111. The main concern of the people is that if China's urban economy can not join international intercourse, our country will be in a disadvantageous situation in the world market.2. Smuggling operations not only disorder out markets, and evade custom duty, but also harm the survival and development of national industry.3. To promote the rapid development of economy the government is trying to restore public confidence in its management of the economy.4. This popular theory must be discarded in the light of new findings for the benefit of the majority of the people.5. In order to protect the environment, traditional farming methods are coming into use in many areas in Europe.6. Because of the time limit and the shortage of human resources, the firm has not yet managed to find new premises that are suitable for their purpose.UNIT121. Electronic communication tools facilitate information sharing by enabling people to send one another messages, files, data and images.2. The only way to differentiate yourself from the competition is through service.3. The less there is to justify a traditional custom, the harder it is to get rid of it.4. In high school, students should build on their prior knowledge, learning more-varied andmore-sophisticated problem-solving techniques.5. You are not required to simply memorize information. You must be able to demonstrate that you can use that information and apply it in a practical way.6. A well-balanced life is necessary to live in today’s world. Without a well-balanced life a person can neither function properly nor develop into a well-rounded individual.UNIT131 .Planning so far ahead makes no sense. So many things will have changed by next year.2. The main problem that people are facing in the 21st century is that the rapid increase of population is a heavy burden for developing countries.3. The key is that in regard to the modern scientific and technical books, especially textbooks, their authors should revise them at short intervals if they wish to keep pace with the times.4. The company has been accused of trying to sell their products under the guise of market research in order to get more profits since 1989.5. Tears are a natural form of expression. As they can convey a multitude of feelings, such as happiness, sadness, loneliness, fear, comfort, anger, or frustration, it provides a healthy outlet for emotions.6. On one hand, the Government of China has already made great efforts to mobilize people to improve the ecological environment in the light of local conditions. On the other hand, greater efforts should be made to further raise people’s awareness of the environment and spread knowledge about the environment.Unit 141.All the employees in the company are confident that before too long we will make a wise decision on this.2.Twenty years ago, because of his unemployment, he couldn’t afford to buy a bicycle, let alone a car.3.Despite the fact there was almost no hope of finding the missing boy, the search party still went on looking.4.Unfortunately, George cannot be with us today so I am pleased to accept this reward on his behalf.5.Currently, the individuals who might have caused the accident are under investigation.6. It was suggested that as the largest non-public high-tech industry in China, they should devote themselves to the development of their own products instead of simply assembling for foreign companies.Unit 151.In today’s job market a person who is deficient in skill,experience,knowledge finds it very hard to get a job.2.After realizing that alcoholism was associated with a mutation of the gene,Dr.Noble began to try teating alcoho lics with bromocriptine.3.That old film evoked our father’s generation’s memories of years of the war.4.At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing.5.While researchers emphasize that environmental factors are also crucial,many population studies have pointed t o the importance of genetics.6.He leanrned that the baclonfen medecation could reduce his craving when cocaine was vnavailable.。
新世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读A课后题翻译
UNIT11. His dream of becoming a football star faded out as time went by.2. A Boeing 747 aircraft didn't gain enough height to climb the mountain. In a twinkling, it crash into the mountain and blew up .No one survived in the accident.3. Students have easy access to the resource in the library, so they are supposed to make the best of it.4. Titanic, the most luxurious ship in the world at the time, hit an iceberg when she was under the way to the US. Consequently, the ship sank into Atlantic Ocean and thousands of people died in this shipwreck.5. Every summer, all the tourists pour into this famous beach, they packed like sardines on the beach to enjoy the sunshine.6. They have been to St.Louis once and have a vague general knowledge of its wonders, but the day of their glory was over now, they lapsed into a humble silence and learn to disappear when the ruthless engineer approached.UNIT21. Some cyber gurus claim that internet will prevent wars, reduce pollution, and combat various of inequality.2. Although the Internet undeniable fosters communication, it will not put an end to war, since wars are by no means caused simply by the failure of different people to understand each other adequately.3. The Internet can help reduce energy consumption and pollution only if doing things online genuinely replaces real-world activities.4. The poor are not shunning the Internet because they cannot afford it. The problem is that they lack the skills to exploit it efficiently, therefore, it make more sense to aim for universal literacy than universal Internet access.5. Thanks to the Internet, income inequality between people doing similar jobs in different countries has been reduced. However, the inequality between information workers in poor countries and their poorest compatriots has been increased.6. If human nature remains stubbornly unchanged, despite the claims of thetechno-prophets ,humanity cannot simply invent away its failings.UNIT31. Many studies indicate that the desert air is so dry that it contains hardly any moisture.2. Although the children form age 5 to 16 must go to school in Britain according to the law ,about 1% of the children still can not read when they leave primary school.3. After hearing the news, I knew that within a fortnight I would feel restless again.4. We think unanimously to answer this question, we must look more closely at the faces.5. Throughout the world, governments at all levels are taking effectively measures to prevent environment pollution.6. Some people think that objective items such as multiple choices should be used for an examination, others don’t agree because they believe that this kind of test has some bad effects on students’ leaning.UNIT41. I find that walking along the quiet lake can provide refreshment form a day’s sedentary job.2. Exercising and relaxing yourself is often prescribed as an effective cure for fatigue.3. The less active you are, the faster this aging process accelerates, and the more vulnerable you become to physical and psychological problems.4. Even if you keep up dieting, you cannot reduce to the point where you achieve the kind ofbody-shaping you want.5. People thought he had happy late years during which time he did little but slept and ate, yet he was often tired and depressed.6. In the past when hay was baled by hand and laundry scrubbed on a washboard, people seldom complained o tiredness. However, people feel dragged out and complain a lot in the modern timeof labor-saving devices and convenient transportation.UNIT51. It is generally accepted that the upbringing of the child within the home is closely related to the education of the child in school.2. Jennifer is the chief of personnel for the New York Herald Tribune, where she is also responsible for special editorial work in the field of public relations.3. It was two years ago t hat Jeff met Rose at his sister’s birth day party, they had been communicating with each other by e-mail since then; the more Jeff knows Rose, the more he likes her.4. The new measure is effective not only in providing job opportunities for the laid-off workers, but also in limiting price increases.5. Similarly, they insufficiently treated the political and economic background of the conspiracy.6. Tremendous capital input has met the needs of rapid economic growth on the one hand and has caused the inflation on the other.UNIT61. Passing the English examination should enhance your chances of getting the post.2. The discovery of god in the valleys will enrich the mountain area.3. Only when the police confronted her with evidence did she admit that she had stolen the money.4. The meting will afford you an opportunity of hearing good public speakers.5. An official statement laid to rest the remaining fears about possible redundancies in the industry.6. MARY IS pretty bright, AS a matter of fact, her teacher told me that she is certain to get a university place this year.UNIT71. Black people in this area complained to the government that they had been subjected to repeated racial attacks from the local police officers.2. The government officials are inclined to apply the science and technology to short -term projects, which is not beneficial to scientific development.3. The previous manager did not want to invest time and money in training the employees who could leave the company anytime, as a result of which, there was a serious talent drain.4. We are collecting money for repairs to the church roof. If any of you would like to make a contribution, we shall be most grateful.5. The scientists are currently focusing on making experiments, in hope of finding effective methods to cure cancers.6. The speech that the chairman delivered at the conferences made much sense to regain the confidence of employees.UNIT81. Mexico city is one of the most populated cities in the world.2. The finding shows a substantial difference between the opinions of men and woman.3. I can't remember whether I left my credit card home or in the car.4. We can’t assume the suspects to be guilty simply because they are decided to remain silent.5. The main question that faces Chinese economists at present is how to use the price levers and the competition system to direct resources into areas which yield better returns.6. It is assumed that in the next 20 years, the most surprising development will take pace in the space flight. Now space shuttles are being developed and they can be used many times instead of only one.UNIT91. On those days and nights when I was waiting for the results of the Entrance Examination, my heart was filled with wonder (or uncertainty).I wondered what the future held for me, of surprise and excitement or disappointment and sorrow.2. The little girl ran swiftly to catch up with her mother and stretched out her hand to her mother, crying for more candies and drinks. But the mother persisted that they had bought enough.3. His wife was sent into the operation room. He walked to and fro outside, smoking one cigarette after another. When he saw the door opened, he felt a thrill of tenseness.4. Under the gaze of his colleagues, he flushed with embarrassment and bowed his head. He casually took up a newspaper and hid his face behind it, pretending to be reading it.5. They fixed all their attention on the research project on hand. They believed that as long as they didn't lose heart, they would succeed in theses experiments in time.6. She had just given birth to an infant when her husband left/deserted her. In despair, she shut herself and the infant in a room, claiming that they would perish together. Thanks to the policemen who came in time, the mother and the daughter escaped death by a hair's breath (or had a narrow escape).UNIT101. We must figure out how to solve the tissue-rejection problem.2. His behavior under fire approved him a man of courage.3. In addition to the impressiveness of the settings, there is use of the camera that at times seems magical.4. At first, no ready technical data were available, but we managed to go without.5. She has some difficulty in giving shape to her ideas. But she resembles her mother in the way she moves her hands when she talks.6. the most part of their designs corresponds to actual needs and regulations on environmental demand, the other part needs reconsidering.UNIT111. The main concern of the people is that if China's urban economy can not join international intercourse, our country will be in a disadvantageous situation in the world market.2. Smuggling operations not only disorder out markets, and evade custom duty, but also harm the survival and development of national industry.3. To promote the rapid development of economy the government is trying to restore public confidence in its management of the economy.4. This popular theory must be discarded in the light of new findings for the benefit of the majority of the people.5. In order to protect the environment, traditional farming methods are coming into use in many areas in Europe.6. Because of the time limit and the shortage of human resources, the firm has not yet managed to find new premises that are suitable for their purpose.UNIT121. Electronic communication tools facilitate information sharing by enabling people to send one another messages, files, data and images.2. The only way to differentiate yourself from the competition is through service.3. The less there is to justify a traditional custom, the harder it is to get rid of it.4. In high school, students should build on their prior knowledge, learning more-varied andmore-sophisticated problem-solving techniques.5. You are not required to simply memorize information. You must be able to demonstrate that you can use that information and apply it in a practical way.6. A well-balanced life is necessary to live in today’s world. Without a well-balanced life a person can neither function properly nor develop into a well-rounded individual.UNIT131 .Planning so far ahead makes no sense. So many things will have changed by next year.2. The main problem that people are facing in the 21st century is that the rapid increase of population is a heavy burden for developing countries.3. The key is that in regard to the modern scientific and technical books, especially textbooks, their authors should revise them at short intervals if they wish to keep pace with the times.4. The company has been accused of trying to sell their products under the guise of market research in order to get more profits since 1989.5. Tears are a natural form of expression. As they can convey a multitude of feelings, such as happiness, sadness, loneliness, fear, comfort, anger, or frustration, it provides a healthy outlet for emotions.6. On one hand, the Government of China has already made great efforts to mobilize people to improve the ecological environment in the light of local conditions. On the other hand, greater efforts should be made to further raise people’s awareness of the environment and spread knowledge about the environment.。
新世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读A第234513单元答案+课文翻译(全)
Unit 2Vocabulary Study：1.advocated2.extravagant3.vulnerable4.guru5.potential6.dispel7.shunned8.acclaimed9.enthusiasts 10.stave off 11.attendant 12 eventuredCLOZE: CBDAD CDBAC BBCCD ABCAC.Translation:1.有些网络专家认为因特网可以防止战争、减少污染，还能克服种种形式的不平等。
Some cyber gurus claim that internet will prevent wars reduce pollution and combat several of inequality.2. 不可否认，因特网可以增进交流，但它却无法消除战争，因为战争的爆发并不仅仅是由于不同种族间缺乏充分理解而引起的。
Although, the internet can undeniably fosters communication, it will not put an end to wars. Since wars are by no means caused by the failure of different people to understand each other adequately.3. 只有当网上的活动能够真正取代现实世界中的行为时，因特网才能帮助节约能源，减少污染。
The internet can help reduce energy consumption and pollution, only if doing things online genuinely replaces real-world activities.4.穷人不用因特网并不是因为他们买不起，而是心为他们缺乏必要的技能来有效地利用它，所以提高老百姓的文化水平要比给他们提供上网机会更有意义。
新世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读a课文翻译及课后习题答案__
课文参考译文:因特网不能做什么？1 在1858年第一根横穿大西洋的通讯电缆铺设成功时，维多利亚时代的积极分子们曾欢呼说：“像电报这种为世界各国交流思想的工具诞生之后；那些根深蒂固的偏见与敌意不可能再长时间存在了。
”甚至在今天，人们仍以同样的口吻谈论着各种新技术．生物工程被说成是解决温饱问题的妙方。
人类基因组的排序据说可以彻底根治癌症和其他疾病．然而，人们把最盲目乐观的想法倾注在了因特网上。
网络专家们的整个行业曾用令人驰神往的美妙话语（并因此而获得了不菲的收入）称，因特网可以防止战争、减少污染；还能克服种种形式的不平等。
然而，尽管因特网出现的时间不长，依旧足以激起理想主义的灵感，但它存在的时间也已长得足以判断预言家的预言正确与否了。
2所有的断言中最为美妙的便是J麻省理J学院的一些专家们所宣称的：因特网是一种潜在的和平力量。
一位权威尼十拉斯内格罗蓬特说，正是由于因特网的存在，来来的孩子们“将不知道民族主义为何物”。
他的同事迈克尔德托索斯曾写道，数字化通信将带来“计算机辅助下的和平”，它“有助于避免未来种族仇恨的爆发和国家分裂的发生”。
他的理念是改进了的通信手段将减少误解；避免冲突。
3可惜啊！这种断言并不比有关其他新技术可能促进和平的说法新鲜到哪里去。
在20世纪初，人们认为飞机的发明将有助于结束战争，因为它可以增进国际间的交往，使陆军变得陈旧过时（虽然这种说法不那么可信）——因为陆军容易受到来自空中的打击。
在第一次世界大战的现实使这些想法都成为泡影之后，人们又把希望寄托在收音机上。
“国与国之间将和平相见；”这是英国BBC电台全球广播使用的一句很好的标语。
可悲的是，卢旺达电台并不认为收音机生来是一种一劳永逸的和平力量。
4 人们所犯的错误就在于他们认为战争的爆发是由于不同种族间缺乏充分的理解而引起的。
其实；即使真的如此；因特网也同样可用于鼓动冲突、充满憎恨的演说和偏狭的见解在阴暗的角落里滋生蔓延，政府却感到难以于预、不可否认，尽管因特网可以增进交流，它却无法消除战争。
世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读A答案课文翻译
U n i t 1assembledCLOZE：BDCAB ADABB DBDAA CCDCB、1.他想当足球明星的梦想随着时间的推移慢慢消退了。
His dream of becoming a football star faded out as time went by.2.一架波音747飞机没有升到足够的高度以飞越那座高山，转瞬间一头撞向大山爆炸了。
机上无人生还。
A Boeing 747 aircraft didn’t gain enough height to clear the mountain. In a twinkling, it crashed into the mountain and blew up. No one survived the accident.3.学生们可以很容易地获得图书馆的资源，所以他们应该充分地利用好图书馆。
Students have easy access to the resources in the library, so they are supposed to make the best of it.4.当时世界上最豪华的游轮泰坦尼克号在她前往美国的途中撞到了冰山，结果轮船沉没在大西洋中，成百上千的人死于这场海难。
Titanic, the most luxurious ship in the world at that time, hit an iceberg when she was under way to the US. Consequently, the ship sank into the Atlantic Ocean and thousands of people died in this shipwreck.5.每年夏天，游客们都涌向这一着名的海滩。
来此享受日光浴的游客像沙丁鱼一样挤满了海滩。
Every summer, all the tourists pour into this famous beach. They lie packed like sardines on the beach to enjoy the sunbathing.6.他们曾经到圣路易斯去过一次，对于那把的新奇食物稍微知道一个大概，可是现在他们的光荣时代已成过去了。
新世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读A,第三单元翻译
DesertA scorching sun,an endless sea of sand and a waterless, forbiddingly lonely land——that is the image most people have of deserts. But how true is this picture?炎热的太阳,无穷无尽的海洋沙子和干涸的土地，难以接近地孤独的土地——这就是大多数人想象中的沙漠。
但这是真实的画面吗? Deserts are dry lands where rainfall is low. This is not to say rain never falls in deserts:it may fall once or twice a year in a fierce torrent that fades almost as soon as it has begun, or which evaporates in the hot air long before it has got anywhere near the earth. It may fall in a sudden sweeping flood that carries everything in its path. Rains may only come once in five or six years for a decade or more.The Mojave desert in the United States remained dry for 25 years.沙漠就是干涸的土地，在那里很少降雨。
这并不是说沙漠从来都不下雨：它可能一年下一次或两次，雨一开始下就在一场奔腾的急流中消失，或者是雨水接近大地之前就被热空气蒸发。
它可能加入到突发的、席卷性洪水，即它把它所到之处的所有东西都带走。
新世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读A全部课文翻译
新世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读A翻译及答案Unit 1 ............................................................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
Unit 2 ............................................................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
Unit 3 ............................................................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
Unit 4 ............................................................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
Unit 5 ............................................................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
Unit 6 ............................................................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
新世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读A问题详解+课文翻译
Unit 11.permanent2.had assembled3.discharging4.meekly5.apprentice6.partiality7.obscure8.exalted9.intruding 10.cordially 11.ambition 12.gallantlyCLOZE：BDCAB ADABB DBDAA CCDCB、1.他想当足球明星的梦想随着时间的推移慢慢消退了。
His dream of becoming a football star faded out as time went by.2.一架波音747飞机没有升到足够的高度以飞越那座高山，转瞬间一头撞向大山爆炸了。
机上无人生还。
A Boeing 747 aircraft didn’t gain enough height to clear the mountain. In a twinkling, it crashed into the mountain and blew up. No one survived the accident.3.学生们可以很容易地获得图书馆的资源，所以他们应该充分地利用好图书馆。
Students have easy access to the resources in the library, so they are supposed to make the best of it.4.当时世界上最豪华的游轮泰坦尼克号在她前往美国的途中撞到了冰山，结果轮船沉没在大西洋中，成百上千的人死于这场海难。
Titanic, the most luxurious ship in the world at that time, hit an iceberg when she was under way to the US. Consequently, the ship sank into the Atlantic Ocean and thousands of people died in this shipwreck.5.每年夏天，游客们都涌向这一著名的海滩。
新世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读A课文翻译完整版
Unit 1一个小男孩的梦想马克吐温1 我小的时候，我们那密西西比河西岸的村镇上，玩伴们都只有一个水恒的志愿。
那就是当轮船上的水手．我们也有其他种种暂时的愿望，可是那都只是暂时性的、马戏团来到的时候和走了之后，总是使我们大家都燃起火热的希望，想当小又第一次到我们那带地方来的黑人游唱团使我们渴望着想试一试那种生活。
我们不时还有一种希望，那就是，如果我们活在世上。
品行挺好，上帝就会让我们当海盗。
这些愿望，一个一个地都先后幻灭了；可是想当轮船上的水手这种志愿却始终保持下来了。
2一艘简陋而外表华丽的定班轮船从圣路易斯开上来，另一艘从奇阿库克往下游开，每天都要来到这里一次。
在这些大事出现之前；这一天使人充满了期望，显得光辉灿烂；这些大事过了之后，时光就变得死气沉沉，空空洞洞了．不仅孩子们有这种感觉，整个村镇都是一样、如今事隔多年，我仍旧能在C中描绘往日的情景，完全像当时那样：夏天早晨，白色的村镇在阳光中打响街上是空荡荡的，几乎一个人都没有；水街的杂货铺前面坐着一两个店员，他们把那木条椅面的椅子翘起来靠在墙上，下巴顶在胸前，帽子垂下这着脸；打着瞌睡——他们身边有许多削木瓦的碎片，这就说明是什么事情把他们累坏了；一只母猪和一窝猪仔在人行道上闲荡着，痛痛快快地啃着西瓜皮和瓜子；两三个孤零零的小货物堆在“码头”上闲置着；石头铺的起卸码头的坡上有一堆“垫木”，镇上的流浪醉汉就在这木堆近旁酣睡着Z 码头上端有两三只平底木船；可是那拍打着这些船的小浪的柔和声响，却没有人倾听；伟大的密西西比河，壮丽、辉煌的密西西比河；让它那一荚里宽的洪流滚滚奔腾下去，在阳光中放出闪光；河对岸的远处是茂密的森林Z 村镇上游的“地角”和下游的“地角”截断了河上景色的视线。
把它变成了一片海面，而且这海面还是风光明媚、沉寂而幽静的。
随后有一股黑烟在远处的一个“地角”上空升腾起来；立刻就有一个以眼睛特别快、嗓子特别响出名的黑人运货马车夫高声喊道：“火——轮——船——来了！”于是情况就变了！镇上那个醉汉翻身起来，那几个店员也醒了；随后就是运货马车的一阵狂暴的响声，每厂人家和每个铺子里都涌出一股人流，转瞬之间，这个死气沉沉的村镇就热闹起来了、活动起来了。
新世纪研究生公共英语教材 阅读A 一~七单元翻译
Unit 1A Young Boy’s AmbitionⅣ. Translation1.他想当足球明星的梦想随着时间的推移慢慢消退了。
His dream of becoming a football star faded out as time went by.2.一架波音747飞机没有升到足够的高度以飞越那座高山，转瞬间一头撞向大山爆炸了。
机上无人生还。
A Boeing 747 aircraft didn’t gain enough height to clear the moun tain. In a twinkling, it crashed into the mountain and blew up. No one survived the accident.3.学生们可以很容易地获得图书馆的资源，所以他们应该充分地利用好图书馆。
Students have easy access to the resources in the library, so they are supposed to make the best of it. 4.当时世界上最豪华的游轮泰坦尼克号在她前往美国的途中撞到了冰山，结果轮船沉没在大西洋中，成百上千的人死于这场海难。
Titanic, the most luxurious ship in the world at that time, hit an iceberg when she was under way to the US. Consequently, the ship sank into the Atlantic Ocean and thousands of people died in this shipwreck.5.每年夏天，游客们都涌向这一著名的海滩。
来此享受日光浴的游客像沙丁鱼一样挤满了海滩。
Every summer, all the tourists pour into this famous beach. They lie packed like sardines on the beach to enjoy the sunbathing.6.他们曾经到圣路易斯去过一次，对于那把的新奇食物稍微知道一个大概，可是现在他们的光荣时代已成过去了。
新世纪研究生公共英语教材 阅读A--第六单元课文及翻译
Unit 6 How Service Experiences Affect Students During college，service participants exhibit greater increases in social self confidence and leadership ability than do non-participants.大学期间，参加社会服务的学生比不参加社会服务的学生更能提高自己的领导能力和社交方面的自信。
1. Currently，higher education is confronting urgent calls to return to its original mission of developing a well-informed, critically thinking, and civically engaged citizenry.当前对高等教育最迫切的要求是它能重新担负起其最初的使命，即培养广闻博见、独立思考、社会意识强的公民。
2．What exactly can higher education do to promote citizenship development among students, and at the same time address the myriad problems that continue to plague society?高等教育究竟该怎样才能做到既能进一步提高学生的公民意识，又能解决仍在困扰社会的诸多问题呢？3. One answer may be found within the college or university curriculum, through the simple but extremely powerful pedagogical tool known as "service learning". The basic idea behind service learning is to use a community or public service experience to enhance the meaning and impact of traditional course content. Connecting service directly with academic courses makes it quite different from "volunteer" work that is performed in the community. Service learning also involves more than simply sending a class of students into communities for additional course credit. Properly designed service learning courses relate the community service experience to the course material and require that students reflect on their experiences through writings, discussions, or class presentations. Service learning not only enriches traditional course content by giving the student an opportunity to "test" or "demonstrate" abstract theory in the real world, it also improves the quality of the service being performed by giving it an intellectual underpinning.一种解决方案在于大学的课程设置，即把“社会服务学习”作为简单但强有力的教育工具。
新世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读A答案+翻译最全
第一单元：Vocabulary Study：1. permanent2.had assembled3.discharging4.meekly5.apprentice6.partiality7.obscure8.exalted9.intruding 10cordially 11ambition 12.gallantlyCLOZE：BDCAB ADABB DBDAA CCDCB、Translation:1. His dream of becoming a football star faded out as time went by.2. A Boeing 747 aircraft didn’t gain enough height to climb the mountain.In a twinkling, it crashed into the mountain and blew up. No one survived in the accident.3. Students have easy access to the library resource, so they are supposed to make the best of it.4. Titanic, the most luxurious ship in the world at the time, hit an iceberg when she was under the way to the US. Consequently, the ship sank into the Atlantic Ocean and thousands of people died in this shipwreck.5. Every summer, all the tourists pour into this famous beach. They lie packed like sardines on the beach to enjoy the sunbathing.6. They have been to St. Louis once and have a vague general knowledge of its wonderful food, but the day of their glory is over now. They lapse into a humble silence and learn to disappear when the ruthless engineer approaches.1. 他想当足球明星的梦想随着时间的推移慢慢消退了。
世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读A学生用书课文参考翻译
Unit 1 一个小男孩的梦想1. 我小的时候，我们那密西西比河西岸的村镇上，玩伴们都只有一个永恒的志愿。
那就是当轮船上的水手。
我们也有其他种种暂时的愿望，可是那都只是暂时性的。
马戏团来到的时候和走了之后，总是使我们大家都燃起火热的希望，想当小丑；第一次到我们那带地方来的黑人游唱团使我们渴望着想试一试那种生活；我们不时还有一种希望，那就是，如果我们活在世上，品行挺好，上帝就会让我们当海盗。
这些愿望，一个一个地都先后幻灭了；可是想当轮船上的水手这种志愿却始终保持下来了。
2. 一艘简陋而外表华丽的定班轮船从圣路易斯开上来，另一艘从奇阿库克往下游开，每天都要来到这里一次。
在这些大事出现之前；这一天使人充满了期望，显得光辉灿烂；这些大事过了之后，时光就变得死气沉沉，空空洞洞了。
不仅孩子们有这种感觉，整个村镇都是一样。
如今事隔多年，我仍旧能在心中描绘往日的情景，完全像当时那样：夏天早晨，白色的村镇在阳光中打盹；街上是空荡荡的，几乎一个人都没有；水街的杂货铺前面坐着一两个店员，他们把那木条椅面的椅子翘起来，靠在墙上，下巴顶在胸前，帽子垂下遮着脸，打着瞌睡——他们身边有许多削木瓦的碎片，这就说明是什么事情把他们累坏了；一只母猪和一窝猪仔在人行道上闲荡着，痛痛快快地啃着西瓜皮和瓜子；两三个孤零零的小货物堆在“码头”上闲置着；石头铺的起卸码头的坡上有一堆“垫木”，镇上的流浪醉汉就在这木堆近旁酣睡着；码头上端有两三只平底木船；可是那拍打着这些船的小浪的柔和声响，却没有人倾听；伟大的密西西比河，壮丽、辉煌的密西西比河；让它那一英里宽的洪流滚滚奔腾下去，在阳光中放出闪光；河对岸的远处是茂密的森林；村镇上游的“地角”和下游的“地角”截断了河上景色的视线。
把它变成了一片海面，而且这海面还是风光明媚、沉寂而幽静的。
随后有一股黑烟在远处的一个“地角”上空升腾起来；立刻就有一个以眼睛特别快、嗓子特别响出名的黑人运货马车夫高声喊道：“火—轮—船—来了！”于是情况就变了！镇上那个醉汉翻身起来，那几个店员也醒了；随后就是运货马车的一阵狂暴的响声，每户人家和每个铺子里都涌出一股人流，转瞬之间，这个死气沉沉的村镇就热闹起来了、活动起来了。
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Unit 21.在1858年第一根横穿大西洋的通讯电缆铺设成功时，维多利亚时代的积极分子们曾欢呼说：“像电报这种为世界各国交流思想的工具诞生之后；那些根深蒂固的偏见与敌意不可能再长时间存在了。
”甚至在今天，人们仍以同样的口吻谈论着各种新技术．生物工程被说成是解决温饱问题的妙方。
人类基因组的排序据说可以彻底根治癌症和其他疾病．然而，人们把最盲目乐观的想法倾注在了因特网上。
网络专家们的整个行业曾用令人驰神往的美妙话语（并因此而获得了不菲的收入）称，因特网可以防止战争、减少污染；还能克服种种形式的不平等。
然而，尽管因特网出现的时间不长，依旧足以激起理想主义的灵感，但它存在的时间也已长得足以判断预言家的预言正确与否了。
2.所有的断言中最为美妙的便是麻省理学院的一些专家们所宣称的：因特网是一种潜在的和平力量。
一位权威尼十拉斯内格罗蓬特说，正是由于因特网的存在，来来的孩子们“将不知道民族主义为何物”。
他的同事迈克尔德托索斯曾写道，数字化通信将带来“计算机辅助下的和平”，它“有助于避免未来种族仇恨的爆发和国家分裂的发生”。
他的理念是改进了的通信手段将减少误解；避免冲突。
3.可惜啊！这种断言并不比有关其他新技术可能促进和平的说法新鲜到哪里去。
在20世纪初，人们认为飞机的发明将有助于结束战争，因为它可以增进国际间的交往，使陆军变得陈旧过时（虽然这种说法不那么可信）——因为陆军容易受到来自空中的打击。
在第一次世界大战的现实使这些想法都成为泡影之后，人们又把希望寄托在收音机上。
“国与国之间将和平相见；”这是英国BBC电台全球广播使用的一句很好的标语。
可悲的是，卢旺达电台并不认为收音机生来是一种一劳永逸的和平力量。
4.人们所犯的错误就在于他们认为战争的爆发是由于不同种族间缺乏充分的理解而引起的。
其实；即使真的如此；因特网也同样可用于鼓动冲突、充满憎恨的演说和偏狭的见解在阴暗的角落里滋生蔓延，政府却感到难以于预、不可否认，尽管因特网可以增进交流，它却无法消除战争。
5.但是因特网可以减少能源和消耗吗？能源与气候问题解答中心（CECS）——华盛顿的一个智囊团，主利又据1997和1998两年能源消耗的数字，提出了这样一种说法．该中心大胆地指出，虽然美国经济在这两年中以 9％的速度增长；但它的能源需求却基本保持不变，原因就在于因特网的广泛应用，因为国特网片将纸张和光盘转化成电子信号，并且可以用光纤电缆取代卡车”、难怪报纸有一条充满激情的大字标题恳求人们：“网上购物，巴——拯救地球。
”6.令人悲哀的是拯救地球比这要难得多。
当然；与驾车去商场购物相比，在家中网上购物可以减少许多污染。
网上订购和送货上门意味着如果物流部门安排得当，那么用卡车运一趟便能代替多个家庭分别开车购物了。
在网上读报纸、杂志和其他文献要比实际印刷、运输它们的效率高。
但只有当利用网络进行活动能真正取代现实世界中的行为时，才能真正地节约能源。
如果人们既在网上购物又去逛真实的商店，那么结果便是能源消耗的全面增长、由于有了因特网，欧洲人现在可以很容易上网订购一些在欧洲尚买不到的书，并花大价钱把它们从美国空运过来、如果网上读文章可以取代而不是增加大量无聊的印刷品，那它才是更有效的。
7.此外，因为越来越多的办公室和家庭上网，数以百万的个人电脑、打印机、服务器和其他设备消耗了大量的能源。
家用电脑正在成为日常生活结构中的一部分，而且其中越来越多的电脑始终处于开机状态、一次颇具争议的估算指出：在美国，足有 8％的耗电量是由联网计算机所消耗的。
建设好的一些规模宏大的划务器场区”——摆满计算机及其辅助冷却设备的库房——一已经导致电力网络的超负荷运转，这种状况已经引起了硅谷地区的用电紧张。
8.如何认识因特网能减少不平等现象的说法呢？美国商业部的一项研究表明，年收入在75万美元以上的家庭与最贫困的家庭相比，前者上网率是后者的周倍还多、比尔克林顿吃惊于贫富之间的“数字鸿沟”；辩称大家都能上网将帮助缩小收入的差距。
9.但是，由于使用因特网的费用不断下降（提供免费上网的服务已基本普及，现在购买一台个人电脑比买一台录像机或一台大的电视机贵不了多少）；贫富之间数字鸿沟的真正原因将逐渐凸现。
穷人不用因特网并不是因为他们买不起，问题是他们缺乏必要的技能来有效地利用它、因此，我们很难明白把穷人和因特网连在一起怎么就能改善他们的经济状况。
提高老百姓的文化水平要比给他们提供上网机会更有意义。
10.然而，即使是在关于因特网的非常荒谬的说法中；也可能有一些合理的成分、这种开放的网络，一个对政府来说非常难以控制的网络，可能确实能帮助给予每个公民更多的权利，并促进民主。
由于民主国家间很少发生争斗，所以开放性的网络可以促进和平。
就环境问题而言，因特网将使我们可以从远处对多部机器进行更为精确的监控和调试，这将提高能源使用率。
对污染税的征税或仅对其检测，其成本将会降低，而且易于为政府所承担。
11.在某些情况下，由于有了因特网，不平等现象也有可能会减少。
一位在班加罗尔或是西伯利亚的电脑编程人员。
在足不出户的情况下，可以用因特网为一家在西雅图的软件公司工作；并能期望得到一份与在网络另一端工作的虚拟同事们相近的收八。
其效果是减少在不同国家从事类似工作的人们之间收入上的不平等，但这么做却拉大了贫穷国家中从事信息产业的人们与他们最贫穷同胞之间收入上的差距。
12.因特网改变着许多事物。
它已对商务领域产生了巨大的影响、公司能够把它们的系统与其产品供应商和合作伙伴直接相连；可以在网上24小时地进行交易，可以比以往更多地了解他们的顾客。
经济的运行因此将更有成果。
对个人而言，电子邮件已经成为自电话问世之后最为重要的新型人际交流方式。
13.然而，我们还不清楚因特网能够在多大程度上改变人类其他领域的活动．即使地球上的每个人都与因特网相连；战争、污染和不平等依然会存在、随着新鲜事物的交替更迭，人类的本性看来还会固执地保持不变Z 不管科技预言家的预言是什么，人类的发明绝对不能克服其自身的缺陷。
因特网不是第一种被人们视为万能药的技术，也肯定不会是最后一种。
Unit 31.沙漠里除了太阳和沙子以外还有其他的东西，在这两页中你会发现植物、动物和人如何设法在这片贫瘠的荒漠上生存下来。
2.所有的沙漠都十分干燥。
我们谈到沙漠时，脑海里便浮现出酷热干燥、细沙遍地的亚热带沙漠。
它们分布在北回归线和南回归线附近，暖气流在赤道上升下降，形成了晴朗少雨的气候。
撒哈拉沙漠占非洲面积的1／3，相当于世界上第四大国家——美国。
撒哈拉并不一直都是沙漠，几百万年前被冰雪、海洋、森林和草原所覆盖。
3.沙漠上的风通常很干燥，有些沙漠处在“雨影”地区，然而当风吹过高原时，便失去它们所携带的水分。
有些沙漠处在大陆中部，等风吹过这些沙漠时，便失去了它们从遥远的海洋所吸收的湿气。
亚洲的蒙古戈壁沙漠就是内陆沙漠的例子。
阿塔卡马沙漠位于智利北部，是地球上最干燥的沙漠。
有部分地区从1570年到1971年接近四百年的时间没降过雨，其他地区也没有降雨记录。
含沙量最多的沙漠是塔克拉玛干沙漠，沙暴能把沙土卷起3048 米那么高。
撒哈拉沙漠的沙暴也非常凶猛，几乎能将一辆汽车或飞机上的油漆喷掉。
在炎热的沙漠，夜间的温度能降至摄氏零下4度(24T)，而白天沙子的温度可高达摄氏79度(175°F)。
在沙漠中生存4.沙漠是生物生存十分困难的地方。
白天天气特别炎热，1922年9月13日北非的利比亚沙漠在阴处测量的气温竟达到摄氏58度。
沙漠的夜晚又非常冷，晴朗的天空使地热迅速散发到大气层中。
沙漠中因降雨量少而使缺水现象非常严重，而是否能下雨又难以预测，连年的干旱之后可能是大雨倾盆。
许多沙漠地区是光秃秃的岩石，或被鹅卵石和沙砾所覆盖。
沙土只占沙漠地区的15％。
在一些沙漠地区，全年的降雨量也许只有一两场。
但这足以为植物的播种和生长提供必要水分，使部分沙漠地区有几天也覆盖着簇簇鲜花。
植物的生存方式5.下雨后的几个小时内，成千上万的有花植物开始发芽。
许多植物的种子比如说沙漠蒲公英落在地上多年等待着雨水的滋润，这些植物后又因干旱死去，留下种子等待日后的雨露再发芽。
6.其他的植物通过其叶、茎、根储存水分，调节本身来适应恶劣的环境，如美洲的树形仙人掌可储存六至八吨水。
沙漠植物的根须一般分布深广，能从地下吸取每一滴水分，如牧豆树灌木的根就深达20米。
7.植物一般通过叶孔流失水分，为了防止水分的流失，沙漠植物都长着很小的蜡光叶和较小的叶孔，许多植物为防止水分流失白天还关闭自己的叶孔。
为了保护自己免遭食草动物啮食，一些植物长满长刺或者味道极差，如仙人掌就用尖刺保护自己。
只有美洲的沙漠才生长着仙人掌。
最高的仙人掌叫做树形仙人掌，高达15米，重7吨，可存活200年之久。
它的茎干能够储存水分以备干旱时使用。
动物的生活方式8.沙漠似乎空空如也，其实只有很少的沙漠没有动物栖身。
沙漠里绝大多数的动物都在自己的洞穴里躲避白天的炎热，它们的洞穴里有潮气，比地面凉爽得多。
动物一般在傍晚或者黎明时出没。
9.沙漠的小哺乳动物通常长着一对大耳朵，白天它们用耳朵散热，夜晚它用那硕大的耳朵提防潜藏的危险。
10.白天出没的爬行动物尽量减少与灼热的沙子接触，如澳大利亚一种长着胡须的蜥蜴有时就只用后腿行走，有一种命名很贴切的角响尾蛇就只用两个支撑点着地。
11.所有的沙漠动物只要有一点儿水就能存活，许多动物仅靠食物中的一点儿水分就足够了。
像骆驼那样的大动物可以几天不喝水，可是一旦喝水则数量惊人，一只骆驼一分钟能喝10升水。
沙漠里的人们12.千百年来，人们已学会怎样在沙漠中生存。
南非卡拉哈里沙漠的散族和澳大利亚的土著人在沙漠中狩猎、采集食物，他们从先辈那里学会了这些传统技艺。
13.游牧民在沙漠边缘放羊，不断向新鲜草场移动。
北非撒哈拉的图拉格人穿着宽松的衣服来防热防沙，男人们还用头巾保护他们的面孔。
14.有些沙漠里，井边和泉边形成了一片片绿洲，住有人家，有的绿洲还发展成农场。
那里的房子是用土砖盖起来的，厚厚的没有窗户的土墙能保持屋内凉爽。
不断移动的沙漠15.沙漠正在蔓延，世界土地的12％是沙漠，而且每年沙漠化的土地达到1200万公顷。
正如下图所示，沙漠化因素有许多，归根结底是土地日益裸露，土壤流失严重。
16.世界各国政府和援助机构都在努力防止沙漠化，虽然没有简单的解决办法，但是成功的项目能帮助贫穷国家的人民自救。
这些项目利用当地社区现有的知识和资源，其中包括种树、扎护栅以防止牛羊啃食植被和防止风化，有些地方的人们还在山坡上垒起石墙防止雨水流失，让雨水渗入泥土之中。
Unit 41.疲劳是人们向医生、朋友和亲戚经常抱怨的问题之一。
或许你会认为在这个拥有各种节省体力装置和方便交通设施的时代，没有人会有理由感到如此疲劳。