翻译封皮
纸业专业英语词汇翻译(E)
纸业专业英语词汇翻译(E)纸业专业英语词汇翻译(E)纸业专业英语词汇翻译(E)eggshell book paper 蛋壳表面状整饰书籍用纸elastic paper 伸性（牛皮）纸elastic cable paper 电缆纸elastic cable fitting paper 电缆芯衬纸electrical paper 电气用纸electrical discharge recording paper 放电记录纸electrical insulating paper 电（气）绝缘纸electrical electro-chemical sensitive recording paper 电化学感应记录纸electrical-chemical telephotographic paper 电化学传真纸electrical-conductive paper 导电纸electrical-fax paper 直接法静电复印纸，氧化锌静电复印纸electrical-graphic paper 电谱纸electrical-photographic paper 静电复印纸electrical-photographic copy paper 电子感光复印纸electrical-photographic printing paper 电子印刷纸electrical-photographic recording paper 电子记录纸electrical-recording paper 电子记录纸electrical-sensitive paper 电敏金属纸electrical-sensitizing recording paper 电感记录纸electrical-static copying paper 静电复写纸electrical-telephotographic paper 电传真原纸electrical-thermosensitive recording paper 电热感记录纸electrolytic paper 电解纸electrolytic paper(for electroph-oresis) 电泳纸electrolytic capacitor paper 电解电容器纸electrolytic recording paper 电解记录纸embossed paper 提花纸，压印浮雕纸，压花纸blotting 压花吸墨纸blotting cover paper 压花封皮纸blotting glassine paper 提花玻璃纸blotting printing paper 压花印刷纸emery paper 钢砂纸enamel(ed) paper 铜版纸enamel book paper 涂布书籍纸enameled blotting paper 粘附在蜡光纸上的吸墨纸enameled postcard 涂布明信片卡片纸enameled end bands paper 卷简纸端都保护用纸end paper 环衬纸end leaf paper 环衬纸end leaves 环衬纸end sheet 环衬纸engish opacity paper 英国式不透明纸engraver's proving paper 凹版印刷校样纸enrober paper 糖果杯纸envelope-lining tissue 信封衬里薄纸envelope manila 马尼拉信封纸envelope paper 信封纸erasable parchment bond 可擦性仿羊皮纸esparto paper 西班牙草浆制成的纸张etching paper 雕刻用纸excelsior tissue paper 刨花纸excelsior wrapper 木丝包袭纸exercise book paper 练习本用纸expandable paper 伸性纸express fiber paper 货物包装纸express paper 货物包装纸extensible paper 伸性（牛皮）纸extra high bulk book paper 超松厚度书籍纸extras 超令纸extra strong paper 超强统extrusion coated paper 挤压涂布纸eggshell board 蛋壳纸板eleatrical board 电气用纸板eleatrical insulating board 电绝缘纸板eleatrical press board 电气绝缘压榨纸板electro-insulating board for air medium 空气介质电绝缘纸板embossed hard board 提花纤维板embossing board 提花纸板excelsior board 木丝板esparto board 西班牙草浆纸板extrusion coater 挤压式涂布机e folute e极瓦楞纸波形数（每天30厘米，96+-3个）early stage of cooking 蒸煮初期early wood 早材earth flax 石棉ease of solubility 易溶性easily hydrolyzable lindage 易水解的结合键eastern arbor-vitae(thuja occidentalis l.) 香柏，西方金钟柏eastern black walnut(juglans nigra) 黑胡桃eastern hemlock (tsuga laricina k. koch) 美国落叶松eastern red cedar (juniperus virginiana l.) 铅笔柏ebonise 假鸟木eony(wood) (diospyros ebenum) 鸟檀，鸟木ecentric growth 偏心年轮ecentric spindle 偏心轴eclipsed from 重叠形eco filter eco 白液澄清器ecology 生态学economic analysis 经济分析economic feasibility 经济合理性，经济可行性economizer 省煤器；省油器eddy 涡流eddy current 涡流edge 棱，边，边缘edge crush test 边缘压溃试验edge curl 卷边edge cutter 切边器edge doctor 边刮刀edge effect 边缘效应edge grain （木材）纵断面edge guide 纸幅校正器edge protector 边缘护体edge runner 碾磨机，碾子edge tear 边缘撕裂度edge tearing resistance 边缘撕裂强度edgewise compression strength （纸板）边缘抗压强度edgings 边材；纸边eduction pipe 排气管eductor 喷射器，引射器effective alkali 有效碱effective drying surface 有效表面；有效面积effective surface 有效表面；有效面积effervescence 泡腾；起泡（沫）effeciency 效率effeciency of drying 干燥效率effluent 废水，排出污水effluent disposal 废水处理effluent treatment 废水处理effluent treatment plant 废水处理车间effulgence 光泽egg carton 蛋品包装纸盒egg trap 蛋品包装用塑料纸板eggshell rinish 粗装饰；蛋壳状装饰eight mo octave 八开eject valve 排渣阀ejetor 喷射器ekcothern 纸板制品商业名称（供厨房用）elaborated product 加工产品elapsed time counter 越时计数器elastic calender bowl 弹性压光辊elastic fiber 弹性纤维elastic modulus 弹性模量，弹性模数elastic strength 弹性强度elasticity 弹性；弹力；弹性力学elastomer 弹性体elder(samrucus) 接骨木（属）election bristol 选票用纸electric circuit 电路electric conductor 导电体electric connector 电气接插件electric controller 电控制器electric comverter 变压器；变频器；转化器electric data processing 电力处理数据electric discharge 放电electric drive 电力驱动（装置）electric eye 光电池；电眼electric fuse 电熔丝，保险丝electric impedance 阻（电）抗，电阻electric insulation 电绝缘electric moisture meter 电力湿度计electric motor 电动机electric plate precipitator 电板除尘器electric power 电力；电功率electric power distribution 电力分布electric relay 继电器electric resistance 电阻electric saw 电锯electric utility 电气设施electric valve 电动阀门electrical conductivity 电导率electrical double layer 双电层electrical dust precipitation chamber 电气除尘室electrical dust precipitator 电沉降净化器electrical engineering 电工学electrical fiber 电绝缘纤维electrical precipitator 静电除尘器electrical presspahn 电气用纸板electrical properties 电性质electrical repair shop 电气修理工段electrical resistivity 电阻率electrode 电极electrodialysis 电渗析electrofax 电子传真复印；电子传真复印纸eletrograph 电记录器；电版机；电传照像图electrokinetic potential 电动势，动电势electrolysis 电解electrolyte 电解质；电离质；电解液electrolytic cell 电解（电）池electrolytic dissociation 电离（作用）electrolytic printing 电解印刷electromagnetic field 电磁场electron diffraction 电子衍射electronic consistency regulator 电子浓度调节器electronic control 电子控制electronic dirt counter 尘埃度电子测定仪electronic equipment 电子装置electronic instrument 电子仪器electronic microgage 电子厚度计electronic microscope 电子显微镜electronic probe 电子探头electronic probe sensor 电子探头传感器electronic speed regulator 电子调速器electro-osmosis 电渗electrophoresis 电泳electrophoretic mass transfer technique 电泳质量传递技术electrophoretic mobility 电泳淌度electrophotography 静电摄影electro-precipitation 电沉降净化electro-reel 电动（轴式）卷纸机electro-static charge 静电装料electro-static coating 静电涂布electro-staticfacsimile system 静电传真系统electro static gravure printing 静电照相凹版印刷electro-static latent image 静电潜像electro-static precipitator 静电除尘器electrostatic printing 静电印刷electrostatic recording 静电记录electrostatic transfer 静电转写electrostatography 静电记录electrostatics 静电学elementary fibril 原细纤维，原纤维elevator 提升机elm(ulmus) 榆属；榆树elongation 伸长率elongation at rupture 裂断时伸长率elrepho reflectance meter elrepho 白度计eluant 洗提液eluate 洗出液elution 洗提elutriate 淘选，淘析，淘洗elutriation 淘析，淘洗elutriation method 淘选法elutriator 淘析器elutriator 嵌入；埋置；灌封embosser 压纹机，压花机embossing 压花，印花embossing calender 印花压光机embossing capacity 压花能力embossing machine 印花机embossing roll 印花辊embryo 胚emergency pump 备用泵emergency repair 紧急修理emergency valve 安全阀emery 金刚砂emission 放射；发射；辐射emission spectroscopy 放射光谱学empirical formula 经验式emptying 放料；放空emptying device 放料装置emptying door 放料门emptying valve 放料阀emulsification 乳化作用emulsifier 乳化器emulsify 乳化emulsifying agent 乳化剂emulsifying tank 乳化槽emulsion 乳胶，乳液emulsion breaker 乳胶分解剂emulsion xanthation 乳态黄酸酯化enamel 搪瓷encapsulated emulsion 微囊化encode 编码encrust 结壳end band 卷筒纸端部用保护纸end crush test 垂直抗压强度试验end product 成品end (surface)hardness 端面硬度end wall 侧壁；端墙endless chain log haul-up （无端）链条拉木机endless felt 无端毛毯endless wire 无端铜网endless woven felt 无端毛毯endosperm （种子）内胚乳endothermal 吸热的endothermic 吸热的endothermic reaction 吸热反应endurance test 耐久试验energy consumption 能量消耗；动力消耗energy transfer 能量传递engelmann's spruce 恩氏云杉engine dyeing 机内染色engine sizing 机内施胶english finish 低光泽低平滑度装饰english plane (platanus acerifolia) 英国悬铃木english reel 英国式卷纸机engraver's bristol 凹版厚纸engraving roll 刻花辊，雕刻辊engraving steel 雕刻板enolic hydroxyl 烯醇羟基enriched water 浓白水entanglement 交织entering reel 待裁切纸卷，待退纸卷enthalpy 焓，热函entomology 昆虫学entrainment 雾沫entrainmentn separator 雾沫分离器entrapped air 留截空气entropy 熵entry end 入口端envelope 信封；外壳；外套；包皮envelope cartridge 信封纸envelope machine 信封制造机envelope manila 马尼拉信封纸environment （周围）环境environmental pollution 环境污染environmental protection 环境保护environmental stress cracking 环境应力分裂enzymatically liberated lignin 酵素游离木素enzyme 酶，酵素enzyme converted corn starch 酶化玉米淀粉enzyme treated starch 酶处理淀粉enzymolysis 酶解ephemeral 一年生epibromohydrin 表溴醇，3-溴-1，2-环氧丙烷epichlorohydrin 表氯醇，3-氯-1，2-环氧丙烷epidermal tissue 表皮组织epidermis 表皮epidermis cell 表皮细胞epimanool 表甘露糖醇epins （木材）扭纹斑epithelial cell 分泌；细胞层；沟周细胞epithelial parenchyma 上皮薄壁细胞epithelium 上皮epoxy resin 环氧树脂epsom salt 七水合硫酸镁；泻盐（商业名称）equalization basin 稳定糖equalizing basin 稳定糖equilibrirm concentration 平衡浓度equilibrirm moisture 平衡湿度equilibrirm water 平衡水equipment 设备equivalent weight （化合）当量erasability 耐擦性能erasable parchment bond 耐擦高级羊皮纸erasing quality 耐擦性能erasure 耐擦性erect 安装eremacarsis 缓慢氧化；（木材露天堆放）慢腐侵蚀erkensator 立式离心除砂机erosion 腐蚀；侵蚀er-we-pa former er-we-pa 成形器escape pipe 排气管；放空管esparto 西班牙草essential oil 香精油ester 酯ester group 酯基ester number 酯化值ester value 酯化值esterification 酯化（作用）etched roll 蚀刻辊ethane 乙烷ethanol 乙醇ethanol lignin 乙醇木素ethanolamine 乙醇胺ether 乙醚ether extract 乙醚抽出物ether soluble substance 乙醚可溶物etherification 醚化（作用）ethyl acetate 醋酸乙酯ethyl acrylate 丙烯酸乙酯ethyl alcohol 乙醇ethyl amine 乙胺ethyl cellulose 乙基化纤维素ethyl group 乙基ethyl meraptan 乙硫醇ethylated starch 乙基化淀粉ethylation 乙基化（作用）ethylene 乙烯；乙撑；次乙基ethylene group 乙烯基；乙撑基；次乙基ethylene diamine 乙（撑）二胺，乙二胺1，2 ethyleneimine 乙（撑）亚胺，吖丙啶，氮丙环eucalyptus (eucalyptus) 桉树属eucalyptus (eucalyptus globulus) 蓝桉eugenol 丁子香粉eureca refiner eureca 磨浆机european ash (fraxinus excelsior) 欧洲白蜡树european beech(fagus sylvatica l.) 欧洲山毛榉european birch(betrla alba. l) 欧洲桦european chestnut (castanes sativa mill.) 欧洲粟european fir (abies pectinata) 欧洲白冷杉european hophorn beam (ostrya carpinifolia) 欧洲铁木european horse-chestnut(aesculus hippocustanum) 欧洲七叶树european larch(larix decidua) 欧洲落叶松european lime (tilia vulganis) 欧洲椴木european plane(platanus acerifolia) 英国悬铃木european yew (taxus baccata) 欧洲紫杉eutrophication 营养质量鉴定试验evacuate 抽空evaluation 评价，评定evaluation test 评价试验evaporate 蒸发evaporated liquor 蒸发液evaporating capacity 蒸发能力evaporation 蒸发作用evaporation area 蒸发面积evaporation feed liquor 蒸发器进料evaporator 蒸发器evaporator man 蒸发工evaporator room 蒸发工段evaporator tank 蒸发槽even-aged forest 同龄材even-edged stand 同龄幼树even-side 双面同性evener plate 匀浆板evener (roll) 匀浆辊evergreen oak(quercus ilex l.) 常绿楮，常青栎evolution 展开；演变；进化ewnn solution 酒石酸钠溶液excavator 挖掘机；挖土机excelsior 刨花excelsior cutting machine 木丝机excelsior plate 木丝板excelsior wrapper 木丝包装纸excess air 过剩空气excessive cutting 过量裁切exchange capacity 交换能力exchange reaction 交换反应exchanger 交换器excited state 激发态excrescence burl 异状瘤（树病）exhaust 抽空；排气；使疲劳exhaust end 排出端；卸料端exhaust fan 排风机exhaust gases 排出气体exhaust hood 排气罩exhaust steam 排出蒸汽exhaust valve 排气阀；放气阀exhauster 排气机exharstion 排气；抽空；疲劳exit end 出口端exothermic 放热的exothermic reaction 放热反应expand 扩张；膨胀；延伸expandable box 可伸纸盒expandable mandrel 可伸支架，可伸骨架expander roll 展毯辊；舒展辊expanding shaft 胀缩（卷纸）轴expajnsion 膨胀expansion shell type heater 膨胀壳式加热器expansion trap 膨胀式除水器expansiveness 膨胀性能expansivity 膨胀性expediting setting 快速凝固experimental beater 实验室打浆机experimental paper machine 试验纸机experimental station 试验站experimentation 实验工作，试验（方法）exploded fibers 爆炸法纤维explosion chamber 扩散室；爆炸室exposed bark pocket 外夹皮express mill wrapper 货物包装纸expulsion of water 脱水extender 伸长器，拉伸器extensibility 伸长性extensible 可伸长extension 伸展，扩建；伸出部分extensometer 伸长计exterior plywood 耐风化胶合板external bus 外汇流条，外部总线external fibrillation 表面细纤维化，表面纤细化，表面帚化external protective tissue 表面防护薄纸external screw 阳螺丝external treatment 厂外处理exlinction coefficient 消光系数extra hour work 加班extract 抽提，萃取extract of log wood 洋苏木浸青extraction 抽提，萃取extraction chamber 碎浆机（排浆区）extraction -free wood 无抽提物木材试料extractor 抽提器，提取器extraction plate （碎浆机）底部筛板extractive 抽提物；萃取物extractive-free wood 无抽提物木材试料extractor roll 分离辊，剥纸辊extraneous components 杂质extruder 挤压机extruding laminator 挤压裱糊机extruding machine 挤压机extrusion 挤压extrusion coating 挤压涂布extrusion die 挤压模extrusion head 挤压器端部，挤压头exudation 渗出exudation of resin 树脂渗出eye screw 环首螺丝elastic paper 伸性（牛皮）纸elastic cable paper 电缆线elastic cable fitting paper 电缆芯衬纸electrical paper 电气用纸electrical discharge recording paper 放电记录纸electrical insulating paper 电（气）绝缘纸electro-chemical sensitive recording paper 电化学感应记录纸electrolytic paper 电解纸electrolytic paper(for electrophoresis) 电泳纸electrolytic capacitor paper 电解电容器纸electrolytic recording paper 电解记录纸embossed paper 提花纸，压印浮雕纸，押花纸embossed glassine paper 提花玻璃纸embossed printing paper 压花印刷纸emery paper 钢砂纸enamel(ed) paper 铜版纸enameled blotting paper 粘附在蜡光纸上的吸墨纸end paper 环衬纸english opacity paper 英国式不透明纸engraver's proving paper 凹版印刷校样纸enrober paper 糖果杯纸envelope paper 信封纸electro-conductive paper 导电纸electro-fax paper 直接法静电复印纸，氧化锌静电复印纸electro-graphic paper 电谱纸electro-photographic paper 静电复印纸electro-photographic copy paper 电子感光复印纸electro-photographic printing paper 电子印刷纸electro-photographic recording paper 电子记录纸electro-recording paper 电子记录纸electro-sensitive metallic paper 电敏记录纸electro-static copying paper 静电复写纸electro-sensitizing recording paper 电感记录纸electro-telephotographic paper 电传真原纸electro-thermosensitive recording paper 电热感记录纸esparto paper 西班牙草浆制成的纸张etching paper 雕刻用纸exercise book paper 练习本用纸expandable paper 伸性纸extensible paper 伸性（牛皮）纸extrusion coated paper 挤压涂布纸electrographic process （复制）电显影法easy bleach pulp 易漂浆esparto pulp 西班牙草浆eucalyptus pulp 桉木浆exploded pulp 爆炸法纸浆export pulp 出口纸浆embossed cigarettetissue 罗纹卷烟纸electrolytic tissue 电解用薄纸envelope lining tissue 信封衬里薄纸excelsior tissue 高级薄纸external protective tissue 表面保护用纸ec embedded costs插入成本的缩写ecf elemental chlorine free无元素氯（漂白）的缩写edta ethylene eiamine tetraacetic acid乙二胺四乙酸的缩写epc experimental prismatic calcite实验棱镜方解石的缩写erv estimated replacement value预计取代值的缩写esp electrostatic precipitator静电滤尘器的缩写esp emergency shutdown procedure事故停机程序的缩写eva ethylene vinyl acetate乙烯乙酸乙烯酯的缩写espra empire state paper research associates国立造纸研究会的缩写evoh ethylene-vinyl alcohol乙烯-乙烯醇的缩写eurocell 欧洲林产品有限公司的司标纸业专业英语词汇翻译(E) 相关内容:。
毕业论文和外文翻译要求内容
毕业论⽂和外⽂翻译要求内容沈阳农业⼤学本科⽣毕业论⽂（设计）撰写要求与格式规范（2008年7⽉修订）毕业论⽂（设计）是培养学⽣综合运⽤所学知识，分析和解决实际问题，提⾼实践能⼒和创造能⼒的重要教学环节，是记录科学研究成果的重要⽂献，也是学⽣申请学位的基本依据。
为保证本科⽣毕业论⽂（设计）质量，促进国内外学术交流，特制定《沈阳农业⼤学本科⽣毕业论⽂（设计）撰写要求与格式规范》。
⼀、毕业论⽂（设计）的基本结构毕业论⽂（设计）的基本结构是：1.前置部分：包括封⾯、任务书、选题审批表、指导记录、考核表、中（外）⽂摘要、关键词和⽬录等。
2.主体部分：包括前⾔、正⽂、参考⽂献、附录和致谢等。
⼆、毕业论⽂（设计）的内容要求（⼀）前置部分1．封⾯由学校统⼀设计。
2．毕业论⽂（设计）任务书毕业论⽂（设计）任务由各教学单位负责安排，并根据已确定的论⽂（设计）课题下达给学⽣，作为学⽣和指导教师共同从事毕业论⽂（设计）⼯作的依据。
毕业论⽂（设计）任务书的内容包括课题名称、学⽣姓名、下发⽇期、论⽂（设计）的主要内容与要求、毕业论⽂（设计）的⼯作进度和起⽌时间等。
3．论⽂（设计）选题审批表4．论⽂（设计）指导记录5．毕业论⽂（设计）考核表指导教师评语、评阅⼈评审意见分别由指导教师和评阅⼈填写，答辩委员会意见、评定成绩以及是否授予学⼠学位的建议等材料应由答辩委员会填写。
6．中（外）⽂摘要摘要是毕业论⽂（设计）研究内容及结论的简明概述，具有独⽴性和⾃含性。
其内容包括论⽂（设计）的主要内容、试（实）验⽅法、结果、结论和意义等。
中⽂摘要不少于400字；英⽂摘要必须⽤第三⼈称，采⽤现在时态编写。
7．关键词关键词均应为专业名词（或词组），注意专业术语的通⽤性，数量⼀般为3－5个；外⽂关键词与中⽂关键词⼀⼀对应。
8．⽬录⽬录由论⽂（设计）的章、节、附录等序号、名称和页码组成。
（⼆）主体部分1.前⾔（引⾔或序⾔）简要说明本项研究课题的提出及其研究意义（学术、实⽤价值），本项研究的前⼈⼯作基础及其欲深⼊研究的⽅向和思路、⽅法以及要解决的主要问题等。
2013新版电子商务英语单词翻译
concept观念，概念
circumstantial详细的，详尽的
conБайду номын сангаасern关系；关心
circumvent 包围；陷害；绕行
concise简明的，简洁的
classic 经典的；古典的
concurrent共点；同时发生的事
classification分类；类别，等
broadly 明显地；宽广地
bulb 电灯泡
bust破产
buzz嗡嗡声
bypass 绕开；忽视 旁路
backup支持；后援 备份
banking银行业；银行业务
barely仅仅，勉强；几乎不
dimension维；尺寸
duplicate复制 重复
director 主任，主管；导演
dynamic动态；动力
directory目录；工商名录
disable使失去能力 禁用
disadvantage缺点；不利条件
disclaimer免责声明
costly昂贵的
counsel法律顾问；忠告
countermeasure对策；反措施
detect察觉；发现 检测
dive潜水；跳水
detection侦查，探测
diverse不同的；多种多样的
adequately充分地；足够地；适
archaic古代的；陈旧的；
average平均；平均数
advantage优势；利益；有利条
architectural 建筑学的；建筑上
adverse不利的；相反的
arguably可论证地；可争辩地
纸业专业英语词汇翻译（S1）
纸业专业英语词汇翻译(S1)sack (kraft) paper （纸）袋纸safety paper 保险纸，防伪造纸safety check paper 支票纸safety cheque paper 支票纸safety coupon paper 票证纸safety-paper base stock 防伪造纸原纸safety ticket paper 票据纸sales book paper 营业帐表纸sampling paper 包样纸sand paper 砂纸sandwich paper 夹心面包包装纸，三明治包装纸sanitary paper 卫生纸sanitary towel paper 妇女卫生纸sanitary wallpaper 卫生墙壁纸satin paper 光泽纸satin cap 单面斜纹蜡光纸satchel handle paper 手提包把用纸saturating paper 浸渍加工纸saturating felts 油毡纸sausage skin base paper 肠衣原纸scale paper 图表纸，坐标纸scholastic paper 文化教育用纸school paper 文教用纸school construction paper 学童绘画纸school drawing paper 小学图画纸school flats 学校用便笺纸school poster paper 学校招贴纸scratted paper 低级大理石纸screening wrapper 筛渣包装纸scribbling paper 便笺纸script 文稿纸scrubbling paper 低级札记纸sealing paper 密封包装纸sealing wrappers 密封包装纸seamless display paper 无接缝展览纸secondary corrugating material 瓦楞纸废纸section paper 坐标纸sectional paper 坐标纸security paper 证券纸，保险纸seed bag paper 种子袋纸seed germination paper 种子发芽纸seed germinating paper 种子发芽纸self-adhesive 自动粘合纸self sealing paper 自动粘合纸semi-kraft paper 半牛皮包装纸semi-mat art paper 半光泽美术纸sensitive paper 感光纸sensitized paper 感光纸sensitizing paper 感光纸separate paper 防粘纸separating tissue 分隔纸seriographic paper 绢布印刷用纸serpentine paper 装饰纸带set-off paper 衬垫纸，夹层纸sheathing paper 建筑用柏油纸sheet paper 平板纸sheeting paper 平板粘合纸shelf(lining) paper 抽屉衬里纸shell paper 弹壳纸shell packing paper 炮弹包装纸shivel paper 亚麻皮纸shoe cover paper 鞋用涂布纸shop paper 商业用包装纸shot-shell tube paper 弹壳纸side-run paper 不合格纸张sign paper 高级招贴纸，广告纸silent paper 无声响纸张silent program paper 无声节目单纸silhouette paper 剪影黑纸，靶纸silicated paper 涂水玻璃纸silicon coated basse paper 有机硅涂布纸silicon release paper 有机硅涂布防粘纸silk paper 绢纸silk protection paper 丝绸包装纸silk thread paper 含丝绒安全纸silkworm egg paper 蚕种纸silo paper 多层沥青粘合纸，防风纸silurian paper 花纹纸silver paper 银箔纸silver coated paper 银粉涂布纸silver nitrate paper 硝酸银纸silver polishing paper 银器擦拭纸silver pyroxylin paper 银色漆面纸single coated paper 一次涂布纸single thick cover 单一封皮纸size press coated paper 表面施胶纸sized paper 施胶纸skin parchment 真羊皮纸skip paper 单面光薄包装纸slack sized 轻施胶纸slat paper 石纹面纸slater paper 屋顶瓦面敷面纸slip-sheet paper 印刷纸页垫层纸slitting paper 带裁切的纸卷slot(insulating) paper 电气导线绝缘纸，线槽绝缘纸slow sheet 粘状浆纸small hands paper 单面光薄包装纸smoking paper 烟熏纸smut paper 衬纸soap wrapper 肥皂用包装纸socket paper 插座用纸soda straw paper 草纸板sodium benzoate cutlery paper 苯甲酸钠防锈纸sodium nitrite antitarnish paper 亚硝酸钠防锈纸sodium nitrite cutlery paper 亚硝酸钠防锈纸soft paper 柔软绒soft plate paper 柔软凹版记录纸solvent coated paper 溶剂涂布纸sound recording paper 声级记录纸sour coated paper 腐臭涂布纸（指胶料变质的涂布纸）sour sized paper 腐臭施胶纸（指胶料变质的纸）spark recording paper 电火花记录纸special book paper 盲人书籍纸special lawbook cover 特种法规封皮纸special impregnating paper 胶膜纸specialty paper 特种纸spinning paper 纸绳纸split color paper 单一颜色纸张sponge paper 海绵状纸spool parchment paper 红羊皮纸spot carbonized paper 局部炭粉涂布纸spot crown paper 饮用麦管用纸square paper 方格纸square rule paper 方格纸stabilization process paper 稳定处理照相纸stabilized paper 调湿纸stained paper 压光机染色的纸张stamp paper 邮票纸stamped paper 印花票用纸standard cover paper 标准封面纸starch paper 淀粉试纸statement ledger 薄记用纸stationery 文具纸stay paper 箱角补强纸stay tape 胶纸steak interleaving paper 肉块间隔纸steel engraver's paper 钢凹版印刷纸steel engtaving paper 钢凹版印刷纸steel plate paper 板压光泽纸stencil paper 誊写蜡纸stencil backing sheet 蜡纸底纸stencil-cushion sheet 蜡纸垫纸stenotype paper 速记打字用纸stenotype backing 铅版间隔纸stereo(type) paper 铅字铸模纸sterilisable paper 杀菌纸sticky fly paper 灭蝇纸stratified paper 层压纸straw paper 草浆纸stretchable paper 伸性纸strip chart paper 刻度记录纸带strip-coated carbon 条纹复写纸strip film paper 醋酸纤维素涂布感光纸styrene paper 聚苯乙烯合成纸suede paper 毛绒纸sugar paper 包糖纸sugar-bag paper 糖袋纸sugar-wrap paper 方糖包装纸sulfate paper 牛皮纸sulfite paper 亚硫酸盐浆纸sulfite bag paper 亚硫酸盐浆袋纸sulphate paper 牛皮纸sulphite paper 亚硫酸盐浆纸sulphite bond 酸法浆证券纸sulphite browns 酸法浆包装纸sulphite manila tag 酸法浆标签纸sulphite parchment manifold 酸法浆羊皮复写纸supercalendered paper 超级压光处理的纸张supplement paper 增刊用纸，附页用纸surface coated paper 表面涂布纸，表面涂料纸surface sized paper 表面施胶纸surfaced paper 光泽纸surgical dressing paper 外科医疗用纸，外科绷带synthetic paper 合成纸synthetic fiber paper 合成纤维纸scratch board 钢笔画用纸板screen printing board 网板印刷纸板screenings board 浆渣纸板semi-hard board 半硬纤维板setup box board 组合箱用纸板shank board 鞋用纸板sheathing board 防水建筑纸板sheet board 平板纸板sheet lined board 挂面纸板shoe board 鞋底用纸板shot shell top board 弹壳盖纸板silk board 提花纸板single face corrugated board 单面瓦楞纸板single kraft lined chip board 单面牛皮浆挂面粗纸板single lined board 单挂面纸板single ply board 单层纸板single white vat-lined board 圆网纸机制单面粗纸板smooth finished board 光滑纸板solid board 单一浆种纸板solid news board 全废报纸纸板solid pulp board 单一浆种浆板special food board 特种食品包装用纸板specialty board 特种纸板spool fiber board 纱管纸板stencil board 誊写字板straw board 草纸板structural building board 建筑纸板structural fiber board 建筑纤维板structural insulating board 建筑隔音纸板suitbox board 衣箱纸板suitcase board 衣箱纸板sulfate board 硫酸盐纸板，牛皮纸板sulfurized board 硫磺浸渍纸板single roll coater 单辊涂布机single roll cast coater 单辊涂铸机size press coater 施胶压榨涂布机smoothing roll coater 平滑辊式涂布机spray coater 喷雾涂布机spread shaft coater 辊刷涂布机squeeze roll coater 挤压辊式涂布机strip coater 剥离式涂布机semi-chemical cooking 半化学浆的制造soda cooking 烧碱法蒸煮，苏打法蒸煮soda anthraqulinone cooking 蒽醌烧碱法蒸煮stage cooking 分级蒸煮stepwise cooking 分级蒸煮sulfate cooking 硫酸盐法蒸煮sulfite cooking 亚硫酸盐法蒸煮sack (kraft) paper （纸）袋纸safety paper 保险纸；防伪造纸safety check paper 支票纸safety cheque paper 支票纸safety coupon paper 票证纸safety ticket paper 票据纸slaes book paper 营业帐薄纸sand paper 砂纸sandwich paper 夹心面包包装纸，三明治包装纸sanitary paper 卫生纸sanitary towel paper 妇女卫生纸satin paper 光泽纸satchel handle paper 手提包把用纸saturating paper 浸渍加工纸sausage skin base paper 肠衣原纸scholastic paper 文化教育用纸school paper 文教用纸school construction paper 学童绘画纸school drawing paper 小学图画纸scratted paper 低级大理石纸scrubbling paper 低级扎记纸sealing paper 高级包装纸section paper 座标纸sectional paper 座标纸security paper 证券纸；保险纸seed bag paper 种子袋纸seed germination paper 种子发芽纸seed germinating paper 种子发芽纸self-adhesive paper 自动粘合纸self germinating paper paper 自动粘合纸semi-kraft paper 半牛皮包装纸semi-matart paper 半光泽美术纸sensitive paper 感光纸sensitized paper 感光纸sensitizing paper 感光纸separate paper 防粘纸seriographic paper 绢布印刷用纸serpentine paper 装饰纸带set-off paper 衬垫纸，夹层纸sheathing paper 建筑用柏油纸sheet paper 平板纸sheeting paper 平板粘合纸shelf (lining) paper 抽屉衬里纸shell paper 弹壳纸shell packing paper 炮弹包装纸shivel paper 亚麻皮纸shoe cover paper 鞋用涂布纸shop paper 商业用包装纸shot-shell tube paper 弹壳纸side-run paper 不合格纸张sign paper 高级招贴纸，广告纸silent paper 无声响纸张silhouette paper 剪影黑纸；靶纸silicon coated base paper 有机硅涂布纸silicon release paper 有机硅涂布防粘纸silk paper 绢纸silk protection paper 丝绸包装纸silk thread paper 含丝绒安全纸silkworm egg paper 蚕种纸silo paper 多层沥青粘合纸；防风纸silurian paper 花纹纸silver paper 银箔纸silver coated paper 银粉涂布纸silver nitrate paper 硝酸银纸silver polishing paper 银器擦拭纸silver pyroxylin paper 银色漆面纸single coated paper 一次涂布纸size press coated paper 表面施胶纸sized paper 施胶纸skip paper 单面光薄包装纸slat paper 石纹面纸slater paper 屋顶瓦面敷用纸slitting paper 待裁切的纸卷slot (insulating) paper 电气导线绝缘纸，线槽绝缘纸small hands paper 单面光薄包装纸smoking paper 烟熏纸smut paper 衬纸soda straw paper 草纸板sodium benzoate cutiery paper 苯甲酸钠防锈纸sodium nitrite antitarnidh paper 亚硝酸钠防锈纸sodium nitrite cutlery paper 亚硝酸钠防锈纸soft paper 柔软纸soft plate paper 柔软凹版印刷纸solvent ceated paper 溶剂涂布纸sound recording paper 声级记录纸sour coated paper 腐臭涂布纸（指涂料变质的涂布纸）sour sized paper 腐臭施胶纸（指胶料变质的纸）。
文言文翻译指导
蚯蚓没有锋利的爪子牙齿，强硬 的筋骨。
调
楚人有习操舟者，其始折旋急徐，唯舟师之 是听。
楚国有个学划船的人，刚开始，掉头、转弯、 快划、慢划，（一切）都听船师的。
视世所称美人，鲜当意者，而不自知己面之 黑子，泰然谓美莫己若。 看世间赞许的美人，很少有合自己意的，却 不知道自己脸上的黑点，安然自得地认为没 有谁比自己漂亮。
“换”时需注意:
固定格式
一词多义 词类活用 古今异义 通假
如何做到 “达”
文从句顺调、补、贯
1、调整法。（调） 文言文中有些语句的词语排列 顺序和现代汉语不同，如宾语前置、 定语后置、状语后置等，在翻译时 要调整译文的语序。
翻译下列句子，注意蓝色字的翻译方法
1、古之人不余欺也。
古代的人没有欺骗我呀！
注意选择
原文如果含有一词多义词，翻译时应当注 意从其众多义项中选择出最恰当的一个进 行翻译。 例如：董叔将娶于范氏,叔向曰：“范氏富， 盍已乎？”（2004年福建卷） 译文：范家富贵，何不取消这场婚事呢？ 句中的“已”是多义词，共有五个义项： （1）取消，停止；（2）已经；（3）太， 过分；（4）语气词，同“矣”；（5）通 “以”。在上述项中选择义项（1）最恰当。
雏：本指小鸡，现指幼小的动物以及未定 型前的最初状态。如雏鸟、雏形。 皮：本指兽皮，现在扩大到树皮，封皮等。 甘：味美，现在指甜、心甘情愿，心里乐 意。 江河、好、中国、山东等。
古今异义的几种情况
（2）词义的缩小
Байду номын сангаас
入芝兰之室，久而不闻其臭
古义：气味（好闻的与不好闻的） 今义：不好闻的气味
古今异义的几种情况 （5）名称说法的改变 读书欲睡,引锥刺其股 古义：古代指大腿 愿为市鞍马 古义：指买 今义：指城镇、集市 今义：指臀部、屁股
基础医学英语翻译
基础医学英语翻译医学英语是与大学英语相延续的专业英语的学习内容。
下面小编为大家分享基础医学英语翻译，希望对大家有用。
基础医学英语翻译如下：electronic scanner 电子扫描仪electronic screen 电子显示荧光屏electronic sector ultrasonic cardiotomograph 扇型扫描式超声心动断层检查仪electronic sensor 电子传感器electronic shutter 电动快门electronic simulation 电子模拟electronic simulator 电子模拟器electronic skin tester 电子皮试仪electronic sphygmomanometer 电子血压计electronic spiro-analyzer 呼吸功能自动分析仪，电子肺量分析仪electronic sterilization 电子灭菌法electronic stethoscope 电子听诊器electronic stimulator 电刺激器electronic test instrument 电子测试仪器electronic thermometer 电子测温计electronic thermostat 电子恒温器electronic timer 电子定时器electronic tracer 电子描绘器electronic universal dilatometer 电子通用膨胀计electron interferometer 电子干扰仪electron micrograph 电子显微镜检查，电子显微照片electron microscope 电子显微镜，电镜electron microscope with a magnification of , times 八十万倍电子显微镜electron microscopic autoradiography 电镜自动射线照像术electron multiplier 电子倍增器electronogram 电子衍射图electronograph 电子显微照片electron pair 电子对，电子偶electron paramagnetic resonance (abbr. EPR) 电子顺磁共振electron radiography 电子放射照像术electron scanning micrograph 电子扫描显微照片electron tube 电子管electronystagmogram (abgr. ENG) 眼震电流描记图electronystagmograph 眼震电流描记器electronystagmogroaphy 眼震图描记术electro-oculogram(abgr. EOG) 眼电（流）图electro-oculography 眼电（流）描记法electro-osmosis 电渗electro-osmotic 电渗的electropathy 电疗法，电疗学electrophone 电助听器electrophonocardiograph 电心音描记器electrophonoide 电助听器训练器（治慢性耳聋）electrophore ①电泳②电离子透入法electrophoregram 电泳图electrophoresis ①电泳②电离子透入法electrophresis apparatus 电泳仪electrophoresis chamber 电泳槽electrophoresis gel 电泳凝胶electrophoresis method 电泳法electrophoresis scanner 电泳扫描仪electrophoretic display 电泳显示器electrophoretic pattern 电泳图型electrophoretogram 电泳图electrophorogram 电泳图eoectrophorus 起电盘electrophotography 电照像术electrophotometer 光电比色计electrophysiological amplifier 电生理放大器electrophysiology 电生理学electroplexy 电休克electropneumograph 电呼吸描记器electropositive 阳电性的，正电性的electropsychrometer 电测湿度计electropuncture 电针术electropradiology 电放射学electroradiometer 电放射性测量仪electroreceptor 电感受器electroresction 电切除术electro-respirator 电动呼吸机electroretinogram(abbr. ERG) 视网膜电（流）图electroretinograph 视网膜电（流）描记器，视网膜电图仪electroretinography 视网膜电圈学electrosalivogram 涎腺电（流）图electroscope 验电器，静电测量器electrosection 电切除术electroshock 电休克electrosinogram 心窦电（流）图electroskiagraphy X 射线照像术electro-sleep appatatus 电睡眠机electrosol 金属电胶液electrospectrogram 电光谱图electrospectrography 电光谱描记术electrosphygmobarometer 电子眼底血压计electro-sphygmomanometer 电子血压计electro-spinal stimulation instrument 脊骨也刺激仪electrospinogram 脊髓电（流）图electrostatic accelerator 静电加速器electrostatic attraction 静电吸引electrostatic diathermy unit 静电电疗机electrostatic equipment 静电装置electrostatic generator 静电发电机electrostatic precipitator 静电除尘器electrostatics 静电学electrostatic voltmeter 静电伏特计electro-sternum saw 电动胸骨锯electrostethograph 电心音描记器electrostethophone 电扩音听诊器electro-stimulation analyzer 电刺激分析仪electro-stimulation therapy unit 电兴奋治疗机electro-stimulator 电刺激器electro-stomach irrigator 电动洗胃机electro-striatogram 纹状体电（流）图electrosurgery 电外科electrosurgical knife 手术用电刀electrosurgical unit 电灼器，电手术器械electro-thalamogram 丘脑电（流）图electro-therapeutic apparatus 电疗仪electrotherapy 电疗法electrotherapy apparatus 电疗设备electrotherapy room 电疗室electrotherm 电热器electrothermic laryngoscope 电热喉镜electothermometer 电子体温计electrotome 电刀electrotomy 电切除术electro-tonometer 电眼压计electrotonus 电紧张electro-traction massage bed 电动牵引按摩床electrotrephine 电圆锯，脑用电动圆锯electroureterogram 输尿管电（流）图electrovacuum extractor 电动真空吸引器electrovagogram 迷走神经电（流）图electrovection 电导入法electrovectrocardioscope 心电向量检查仪electroventriculogram 心室电（流）图electro-vibrator ①电按摩器②电振动器element （化学）元素，单元，成分elemental analyser 元素分析仪elementary 元素的，基础的，初级的eleometer 油度计，油比重计elevation 上升，隆凸，挺起elevator ①骨撬，牙挺，起子②升降机eliminator 消除器，抑制器ellipse 椭圆形ellipsometer 椭圆率计eluant 洗提液，洗脱剂elutriating apparatus 淘析器，洗提器elutriator 淘析器，洗提器eluxation 脱位elytreurynter 阴道扩张袋elytro- 阴道elytrorrhaphy 阴道缝术EM (electron microscope) 电子显微镜emanation 射气，放出物emanator 射气投置emanometer 氡射线计，射气计emanotherapy 射气疗法emasculator 去睾器embed 包埋，植入embedded electrode 埋入电极embedded type 埋入式embedding 包埋，埋植emboli 栓子emboliform 楔形的，栓子状的embolism 栓塞embrasure hook 楔形隙钩embryo 胚，胚胎embryoctony 碎胎术embryograph 胚胎描记器embryography 胚胎描记法embryoscope 胚胎发育观察器embryotome 碎胎刀embryotomy 碎胎术embryotomy forceps 碎胎钳embryotomy knife 碎胎刀embryotomy scissors 碎胎剪embryulcus 牵胎钩，牵胎术用钳子emergency ①急症②意外，紧急emergency alarm bell 报警铃emergency cart 急诊用推车emergency case 急救盒，急救箱emergency light 故障信号灯emergency resuscitator 急救用复苏器emergency room 争诊室emergent light 出射光emery paper 砂纸emery wheel 砂轮EMF; e. m. f.(electromotive force) 电动势EMG (①electromyogram ②electromyograph) 肌（动）电（流）图，肌电图机EMG electronic stimulator 肌电图电子刺激器emission 放射，发射，传播emission electron 发射电子emission spectrum 发射光谱emissivity 发射率emitron 光电摄象管emitter 发射器，放射体Emmet's needle 埃梅特氏（弯）针，有柄粗弯针Emmet's retractor 埃梅特氏牵开器，自留阴道牵开器emphraxis 闭塞，阻塞emplastic bougie 铸型探条empyema 脓胸，积脓empyema apparatus 抽脓器empyema trocar 脓胸套针empyema tube 脓胸引流管EMS (electron microscope) 电子显微镜emulgator 乳化器，乳化剂emulsification 乳化（作用）emulsifier 乳化器，乳化剂emulsifying agent 乳化剂emulsion 乳胶，感光乳剂emgloves 乳胶手套emulsor 乳化器，乳化剂EMXA (electron microprobe X-ray analyzer) 电子微探针X 射线分析仪enamel bur 牙釉质钻enamel chisel 牙釉质凿enamel cleaver 牙釉质凿刀enamel cutter 牙釉凿羡刀enamel needle 釉质电烙针enamel square tray 搪瓷方盘enantiomorph 镜像体，对映体encephalion 小脑encephalo- 脑encephalo-arteriography 脑动脉造影术encephalogram 脑造影片，脑X 射线照片encephalograph 脑造影片encephalography 脑造影术encephalometer 脑搏动计，脑域测定器encephalon 脑encephaloscope 脑镜，窥脑器encephaloscopy 脑镜检查法encephalotome 脑刀encephalotomy 脑切开术enclose 包装，密封，附入enclosure ①附件②外壳，套encoder 编码器end-; endo- 内腔，内部endarterectomy 动脉内膜切除术endarterectomy instument 动脉内膜切除器械endarterectomy scissors 动脉内膜切除剪endarterectomy set 动脉内膜切除器endaural retractor 耳内牵开器enb cut dur 端切钻endo- 内腔，内部endobronchial airway 支气管内导气管endorbonchial suction catheter 支气管内吸引导管endo-camera 内窥镜照像机endocardiac mapping 心内膜电位图endocardial 心内膜的，心内的endocardiography 心内心（动）电（流）描记法endocardium 心内膜endocurlar probe 眼内探头（激光仪用）endodiascope 体腔X 线管endodiascopy 体腔X 线检查endogenous 内生的，内源的endometrial biopsy curette 子宫内膜活检刮匙endometrial curette 子宫内膜刮匙endometrial implants 子宫内膜植入片endometry 内腔容积测定法endomyocardiol bioptome 心肌活检钳endoradiography 体腔X 射线照像术，体腔造影术endoradiosonde 体腔无线电测压器（如测肠腔内压）endoscope 内窥镜，内腔镜endoscope adapter 内窥镜摄像接头endoscope cabinet 内窥镜柜endoscope for anaethesia 麻醉用窥镜endoscope washer 内窥镜自动洗净器endoscopic examining chair 内窥镜检查椅endoscopic film projector 内窥镜照片投影仪endoscopic injector 内窥镜注射器endoscopic screen viewer 内窥镜屏幕观察器endoscopic suction pump 内窥镜吸引泵endoscopy 内窥镜检查endosmometer 内渗压测定器endostethoscope 食管内听心器endo-stroboscope 喉动态镜endothelium 内皮endothermal 吸热的，收热的endotherm knife 电热刀endothermy 透热法，高频电透热法endotome 胎儿断头剪endotoscope 耳（内）镜endotracheal airway 气管内导气管endotracheal connector 气管内接管endotracheal intubator 气管内插管器endotracheal tube 气管内导管end-point titrator 终点滴定器enduser 用户end-window counter 钟罩型计数器enema 灌肠法，灌肠剂enema bag 灌肠袋enema can 灌肠罐enemal ware 搪瓷器皿enema syringe 灌肠注射器enemator 灌肠器energetics 能量学energometer 脉能测量器，脉能计energometry 能量测定法energy 能（量）energy meter 能量计，功率计energy regulator 能量调整器energy scale 能量标准energy source 能源energy spectrum 能谱energy transducer 换能器ENG (electronystagmogram) 眼震颤电（流描记）图engagement ①衔接②约定，契约engine （牙）钻机，发动机engine arm 牙机臂engine bit 牙钻engineer ①工程师，技师②设计，计划engineering 工程学，工程（技术）engine mallet 牙机锤engine speed indicator 转速指示器enlarge forceps 扩大钳enlargement 扩大，放大enlarge needle 扩大针enlarger 放大机，放像机enlarging bur 扩大钻enquiry 询价，查询E. N. T.(ear, nose, throat) 耳鼻喉E. N. T. drill 耳鼻喉科用钻enteral 肠的，肠内的entero- 肠enterocleaner 肠冲洗器enterocoelia 腹腔enterogram 肠动描记图enterograph 肠动描记器enterography 肠动描记法enterometer 小肠腔测量器enteron 肠enteroscope 肠（窥）镜，肠内视镜enteroscopy 肠镜检查enterotome 肠刀enterotomy scissors 肠切开剪enterotribe 夹肠器enterotriptor 夹肠器enterprise 事业（单位），企业（单位）entity 实在，本质，实体entogenous 内生的，内源的entome 尿道刀entopic 正常位置的，正位的entoptoscope 眼内媒质镜，眼内视镜entoptoscopy 眼内镜检查entrainment 输送，传输，引开entrance ①入口，进入②引入线entropion 睑内翻entropion knife 睑内翻刀entropium forceps 睑内翻镊，翻眼镊entropy ①熵②平均信息量entrust 委托，信任entry ①项目，条款②输入，入口E. N. T. treatment chair 耳鼻喉科治疗椅E. N. T. treatment unit 耳鼻喉科综合治疗台enucleate 剜出，摘除enucleation hook 剜出钩（眼）enucleation knife 剜出刀enucleation snare 眼球摘除圈套器enucleator 剜出器，摘除器enumerable 可数的enumerator 计数器envelope 封皮，外壳，套envelope for dental X-ray film 牙科X 射线胶片套environment ①环境，外界②包围，围绕environmental hygiene 环境卫生enzyme 酶enzyme analyser 酶分析仪enzyme electrode 酶电极enzyme reaction velocity measuring device 酶反应速度测定器EOG (electro-oculogram) 眼电（流）图eolipyle 烧灼酒精灯eosin 伊红，曙红EP (electrophoresis) 电泳EPC (echophonocardiograph) 心音回声描记器epicardial mapping 心表面电位图epicardium 心外膜epidemic prerention vehicle 防疫车epiderm 表皮epidiascope 反射幻灯机epidural canula 硬膜外套管epidural needle 硬膜外针epidurography 硬膜外腔造影术epiglottis retractor 会厌牵开器epilating forceps 拔毛钳epilation 拔毛，除毛法epiphysiometer （骨）骺测量器episcope ①反射投影灯②物面检查器episiotomy 外阴切开术episiotomy scissors 会阴剪，外阴切开剪epistaxis canula 鼻衄套管epithelia 上皮epithelial peg 上皮钉epithesis ①矫正术②夹板epoxide 环氧化物epoxy resin 环氧树脂EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) 电子顺磁共振EPSP (excitatory post-synaptic potential) 兴奋性突触后电位equalizer 均值器，均衡器，补偿器equation 方程，等式equator 赤道，中纬线equatorial 赤道仪equatoriat plane 赤道面equi- 相等equilibration 平衡，均势equilibrator 平衡器equilibrium 平衡equilibrium constant 平衡常数equipment (abbr. Eq.; equip.) 设备，装置，仪器equipotentiality 等位性，等势性equivalence 等值，等量equivalent ①等效，等值（的）②当量equivocal 两可的，双关的Er(erbium) 铒eraser 抹音器，消磁器erasion ①刮术②抹掉erbium (abbr. Er) 铒erbium laser 铒激光器ERD(evoked response detector) 诱发应测定器erect image 正像ERG(electroretinogram) 视网膜电流图ergo- 工作，力，动力ergocardiogram 心电动力图ergocardiography 心电动力描记术ergodynamograph 肌动力描记器ergoesthesiograph 肌动感觉描记器ergogram 肌力描记波，测力图ergograph 肌动力描记器，测力器ergography 测力法，肌力描记法ergometer 测力计，肌力计ergostat 练肌器eriometer 微粒直径测量器（检红细胞直径）erisiphake 晶状体吸盘erisophake 晶状体吸盘ERPF (effective renal plasma flow) 有效肾血浆流量erratic 游走的，移动的error 误差，错误error counter 误差计数器error detector 误差检测器ERT(electrical resistance thermometer) 电阻体温计ERV (expiratory reserve volume) 呼气储气量erysiphake 晶状体吸盘erythro- 红erythrocyte 红细胞，红血球erythrocyte sedimentation 红细胞沉降，血沉erythrocytometer 红细胞计数器erythrogram 红细胞图像erythrometer 红细胞计数器erythrometry 红细胞计数法Es(einsteinium) 锿Es(①electric stimulation ②electron spectrometer) ①电刺激②电子分光计ESO(esophagoscopy) 食管内窥镜检查eso- 在内，向内esophageal 食管的esophageal bougie 食管探条esophageal cardiogram 食管心动图esophageal dilator 食道扩张器esophageal forceps 食管钳esophageal foreign body forceps 食物异物镊esophageal nasogastric tube 食道鼻胃管esophageal probe 食管探子esophageal retractor 食管牵开器esophageal scissors 食管剪esophageal sound 食管探子esophageal stethoscope 食管听诊器esophageal tube 食道导管esophago- 食道，食管esophagofiberscope 食管纤维内窥镜esophagogastroscopy 食客胃镜检查esophagogram 食管X 射线（照）片esophagography 食管X 射线照像术esophagometer 食管长度计esophagoscope 食管镜，食道镜esophagoscopy 食管镜检查esophagotome 食管刀esophagram 食管X 射线照片esophagus biopsy forceps 食管活体取样钳esophagus cell adopter 食道细胞寻取器esophagus foreign forceps 食道异物钳ESR (①erythrocyte sedimentation rate ②electron spinresonance) ①红细胞沉降率（血沉）②电子自旋共振essential 必需的，特有的，基本的essential accessory 必需附件ester 酯esthesia 感觉esthesio- 感觉esthesiography 感觉描记法esthesiometer 触觉测量器，触觉计esthesiometry 触觉测量法estimate ①估价单②估算estimated time of arrival (abbr. ETA) 预计抵达日期estimate sheet 估价单esu.(electrostatic unit) 静电单位ETA (electrothermal analyzer) 电热分析器ethanol 乙醇，醇，酒精ether 醚，乙醚ether air anesthesia unit 空气麻醉机ether anesthetic mouth gag 全麻开口器ether bag 乙醚袋ether bed 乙醚苏醒床ether bubbler 乙醚扩散器ether cone 乙醚罩ether drop bottle 乙醚滴瓶ether inhaler 乙醚吸入面罩etherioscope 测醚镜ether mask 乙醚面罩etherometer 乙醚滴定器ether spray 乙醚喷雾ethmoid 筛骨ethmoid curette 筛骨刮匙ethmoid forceps 筛窦钳ethylene 乙烯ethylene oxide sterilizer 环氧乙烷消毒器Eu (europium) 铕eudiometer ①空气纯度测定仪②量气管eugenics 优生学eugenol cement 丁香油粘固粉eupatheoscope 空气温度测量仪（测综合气象因素）eupathescope 空气温度测量仪（测综合气象因素）europium(abbr. Eu) 铕eurynter 扩张器euscope 映像显微镜，显微映像器Eustachian catheter 欧氏管导管（咽鼓管导管）Eustachian catheter nozzle 咽鼓管导管嘴eutectic ice 共融泳，盐泳euthyscope 直视镜EV (evoked response) 诱发反应eV (electron volt) 电子伏特evacuate 排除，排空，排泄evacuating catheter 排尿管evacuator 排泄器，排出器evaluation 评价，估价，鉴定evaluator 鉴定机，识别器evaporate 蒸发evaporating basin 干燥盆，蒸发盆evaporating dish 蒸发皿evaporator 蒸发器evaporometer 蒸发计evaporoscope 蒸发镜eventration treatment 露脏X 射线治疗EVG (electrovaginogram) 阴道电（流）图evil （疾）病E-viton 紫外线单位（紫外线照射有效生物剂量）evoke 诱发，唤起evoked potential measuring system 脑干电位测量系统evoked potential system 激发电位系统evoked response recorder 诱发反应记录仪evolution 进化，演化evolutionism 进化论ex- 出，离，除，从ex (free out of) 交货（船边，码头），无（线利）exact dentimeter 精确牙测量器exactolfactometer 精密嗅觉计examinating couch 检查床examinating light 检查灯examination 检查，诊察examination gloves 检查用手套examination lamp 检眼灯examiner 检查者examining chair 诊查椅examining table 检查台examining telescope 检查窥镜excavating bur 牙挖钻excavation ①陷凹②挖除excavator 挖匙，剜器excerpt 摘录，选择exchange key 交换键exchanger ①交换器②交换剂exchange syringe 互换注射器exchange transfusion tray 输血盘excipient 赋形剂excising forceps 切断钳excision 切除术exciftability 应激性，兴奋性excitation 刺激，兴奋excitation filter 感光滤光片exciting electrode 刺激电极excochleation 刮除术excrement 粪便excrement collector 粪便收集器excretion 排泄，分泌excretion urography 排泄性尿路造影术exercise 练习，操练，运动Ex dock 码头交货价。
印刷的专业术语英汉互译大全 Wwg
C1S
双面白或者单粉：WBB(White back board)？
粉灰：CCNB / grey back (灰底)/ FBB(folding box board)（微软的称法）
牛皮纸：kraft paper
坑纸：Corrugated Paper Flute A(A 坑)
纸板:：pasteboard
双灰板： grey board
包装：packing packaging
最大：Maximum (max) 最小：Minimum(Min)
净重：Net weight (NW) 毛重：Gross Weight(GW)
体积：CBM
出厂价：Ex-work
一般常用的:
买主：buyer 卖主：vendor/suppier 客户：client/customer
的转印滚筒，其表面包裹橡皮布。 印刷材料 printing material 印刷生产中使用的承印物与其他材料的总称。 承印物 printing stock 能接受油墨或吸附色料并呈现图文的各种物质。 印刷油墨 printing ink 在印刷过程中被转移到承印物上的成像物质：一般由色
料、连结料、填充料与助剂组成，具有一定的流动性和粘性。
减色法 subtractive process 按黄、品红、青三原色料（如颜料、油墨）减色 混合原理成色的方法。
色平衡 color balance 照相原稿的彩色感光材料或印刷用彩色油墨的颜色还 原平衡。
对折 fold in half 3 折 3 fold
风琴折：concertina fold accordion fold
骑马钉 saddle stitch，staple
胶装 perfect bound /binding
纸业专业英语词汇翻译（D4）
纸业专业英语词汇翻译(D4)drop leg 大气水腿drop marks 水痕，水滴印痕（纸病）drop number 耐摔度drop-off 水滴痕（纸病）drop test 摔袋试验，跌落试验drop tester 耐摔度测定仪drubber 脱墨装置drug (bond) wrapping 药品包装纸drum 辊筒drum barker 圆鼓剥皮机drum chipper 鼓式削片机drum coating 辊式涂布drum cutter 辊式切料机drum dryer 圆筒干燥器，烘缸drum filter 转鼓过滤机drum press 立式圆筒挤浆机drum reel 卷筒式卷取机drum slaker 石灰消化鼓drum storage 磁鼓存储器drum strainer 鼓式过滤器drum tender 剥皮工drum washer 鼓式洗浆机drum winder 鼓式复卷机dry broke 干损纸dry calender stack 干压罗纹纸dry cleaning 干洗净化dry coating 干法涂布dry cook 干煮；不完全蒸煮dry crepe 干法起皱dry creping 干法起皱dry defibrator 干浆离解机dry distillation 干馏dry embossed 干压罗纹dry end 干部，干燥部dry felt 干毛毯dry felt roll 干燥毛毯辊dry finish 干燥光泽dry forming 干法成型，干法造纸dry indicator method 干指示剂测定法（施胶度测定用）dry line 水线dry linting 掉粉，掉抟dry mat 干式这型纸板原纸dry method of depithing 干法除髓dry method of papermaking 干法造纸dry picking 烘缸湿斑痕，汽斑（纸病）dry pickup 干涂层量dry powder bonding 干粉沫粘着dry printings 速干性印刷用纸dry rosin size 干松香胶dry rot fungus( merulius lacrymans) 干腐菌dry rub resistance 抗干擦性能dry screen 干式筛dry soft 缓慢干燥dry solids conlent 绝干固体含量dry steam 干蒸汽dry strength 干强度dry strength agent 干强度剂dry treatment 干处理dry vat (former) 干式网槽成形器dry waxing 干法上蜡dry weight 干重dry wood 干材dryer 干燥器，烘缸dryer can 烘缸dryer drainage system 烘缸排水系统dryer fabrics 干燥部合成网dryer felt 干燥毛毯，干毯dryer felt marks 毛毯痕，帆由印（纸病）dryer hood 烘缸罩dryer part 干燥部dryer pick marks 烘缸粘纸痕（纸病）dryer pocket 干燥部袋区，干燥部处山区dryer section 干燥部dryer spear （干燥部）损纸剔除长棒dryer surface 烘缸表面drying 干燥，烘干drying agent 干燥剂drying apperatus 干燥器drying capacity 干燥能力drying chamber 干燥室drying cracks （涂布纸）干燥裂纹；龟裂（纸病）drying cylinder 烘缸drying efficiency 干燥效率drying fabric 干燥部合成网drying loft 干燥室drying machine 干燥机drying nest 干燥部drying oil 干性油drying oven 烘箱drying part 干燥部drying rate 干燥速度drying room 干燥室，烘房drying section 干燥部drying temperature curve 干燥温度曲线dryjector 热风干燥器dryness 干度dual press 双压榨dualite mg second sheet dualite 单面光二联单用纸duct 导管；风管duct thermostat 温度调节器ductor 领纸刮刀；诱导板duke 英国帐薄纸标准尺寸dull 黯；钝dull-deged 钝边dull fiber 深色纤维dull finish 无光泽整饰dull stone 钝磨石dull tackle 钝刀dulling of stone 磨石表面的钝化dummy 样本，代用品dummy receiver 备用贮槽dump 排放，卸料dump car 卸料小车dump chest 卸料池dump rags 杂破布dump tank 排渣槽；排污槽dump valve 放料阀；放浆阀dumping 排泄dumping device 卸料装置dumping hole 卸料孔dumping pit 卸料孔dumping valve 放料阀；放浆阀dunlop test dunlop （石蜡松香胶中）石蜡椴验法dunnage 支撑板；卡纸板duoformer duo式夹网成形器（西德voith制）duostress kraft 各向同性年皮纸duotojne finish 调色加工，光泽加工duotrol control 磨盘间距自动控制duplex 双；双重；加倍；复式duplex arcu former 复arcu式成形器（芬兰tampella制）duplex beater 双鼓打浆机duplex bristol 双面涂布厚纸duplex cutter 复刀切纸机duplex enamel book 双面涂布书籍用纸duplex felt 双层毛毯duplex super 两面各异光泽纸duplex varnishing litho 双面洋漆平版印刷纸duplicable test 平行试验duplicator 复印机durability 耐久性，耐用年限duracomb duracomb 双层网基针刺毛毯（美国albany产品）duraflo duraflo 单层网基针刺毛毯（美国albany产品）duraflo durasorb 毛基针刺毛毯（美国albany产品）duramen 心材durite 合成酚醛树脂durometer 橡胶硬度计dust 尘屑；矿尘dust chamber 除尘室；集尘室dust collecting cyclone 旋风集尘器dust collector 集尘器dust control 飞尘捕集dust exhauster 除尘器dust exhausting 除尘dust fan 除尘器；屑料吹送机dust filter 尘土过滤器dust filtration 滤尘（作用）dust sucking 吸尘（作用）dust washer 湿法除尘器duster 除尘机，除尘器duster screen 除尘机筛网duslting 除尘；掉粉duslting machine 除尘机dwarf oak(quercus prinus l.) 矮栎，岩栎dwell time 停留时间dye 染料dye aluminium lakes 铝淀染料dye spot 色斑（纸病）dyed white 显白；调白颜料dy(e)ing 染色dyestuff 染料，颜料dyestuff test paper (sheet) 染色试纸dynamic bleaching 动态漂白dynamic characteristics 动态特性dynamic mechanical properties 动态机械性能dynamic retention/drainage jar 过滤留着动态测定仪dynamic test 动态试验dynel 聚丙烯腈合成纤维（美国产品，商业名称）dynofiner dyno磨浆机dynomizing （经dyno磨浆机）精磨dynopeller dyno式干浆板撕碎机dyewood （热带）染料木daily paper 新闻纸；日报damask paper 锦缎花纹书写纸dampening paper 吸湿纸debenture paper 证券纸decalcomania paper 印刷模写纸；转印纸；（陶瓷）印花装璜纸deckle-edged paper 毛边纸deckled stained paper 染边纸decorated building paper 建筑装饰用纸decorated cover paper 装饰封面纸cecorated sheathoing paper 建筑装饰用纸decorative paper 装饰纸decorative paper(for plastic laminate) 塑料层压板装饰纸deed paper 证券纸delicatessen paper 耐脂食品包装纸dental headrest paper 牙科椅枕垫纸design paper 制图纸detail paper 誊写纸detail drawing paper 绘画草图纸detail tracing paper 铅笔描图纸developing out paper 显相纸diagram paper 图表纸dial paper 标度记录纸dialyzing paper 渗析纸diaphonic paper （贴玻璃用）薄彩色纸diaphragm paper 石棉隔膜纸diazo paper 重氮感光纸；晒图纸dickinson paper 丝绒纸dielectric paper 介电纸die-wiping paper （凹版印刷用）擦墨纸dip coated paper 浸渍涂布纸dipped paper 浸渍纸direct process paper 重氮感光纸directory paper 名簿用纸；电话簿用纸dish rag paper 抹布代用纸disinfectant paper 消毒纸disinfecting paper 消毒纸distinctive paper 特殊专用纸document paper 公文纸doily paper 桌布纸domino paper 壁纸double faced paper 双面纸double thick cover paper 双面特厚封皮纸doughnut bag paper 面包圈袋纸draft paper 绘图纸drafting paper 绘图纸drapery paper 包纱纸draughting paper 绘图纸drawer-lining paper 抽屉衬纸drawing paper 制图纸；图画纸drinking paper 吸水纸drinking straw paper 饮用麦管纸drygum paper 干胶纸drygum proofing paper 快干油墨印刷校样纸drygum silver paper 干法银盐感光纸drygum waxed paper 干式蜡纸dull art paper 暗美术纸dull coated paper 暗涂布纸dull glazed paper 暗色蜡光纸dunnage paper 工业包装纸duplex paper 双色纸duplex asphalt paper 双面沥青纸duplex blotting paper 双色吸水纸duplex creped paper 双层彩色皱纸duplex wall paper 双层壁纸duplicating paper 复写纸duplicating stencil paper 誊写复印纸duplicating note paper 复写便笺纸duplicating tissue paper 复写薄页纸duplicator paper 誊写纸dust filtration paper 滤尘纸dusting paper 家具清洁用纸，拂拭纸dutch paper 荷兰纸dutch marble paper 荷兰大理石纹纸dye line paper 感光纸，照相纸dyeling paper 感光纸，照相纸dynamite shell paper 火药包装纸day-kesting process d.k.盐酸法制备二氧化氯defibrator process 管式连续蒸煮热磨法defibrator thermofiner process 常压汽蒸木片麻磨木浆制造，dtf法direct sulfitation process （nscc废液）直接亚硫酸涨法回收doddel process 溶解氧置换脱木素法dry process 干法dtf process 常压汽蒸木片磨木浆制造，dtf法decalcomania pulp 吸水性纸张defibrated pulp 离解浆deinked pulp 脱墨废纸浆digested pulp 粗浆dissolving pulp 熔解浆dry pulp 干浆decker type saveall 圆网白水回收机disc saveall 盘式纤维回收机drum type vacuum saveall 真空圆网白水回收机drip mat tissue 滴铸铅版纸型用纸duplicating tissue 复写薄纸d dioxide二氧化物的缩写daf dissolved air floatation（溶）气浮的缩写dcs dissolved and colloidal substances溶解与胶态物的缩写dcs distributed control system集散控制系统的缩写dels doppler electrophoretic light scattering多普勒电泳光扫描的缩写dip deinked pulp脱墨纸浆的缩写dkp deinked kraft pulp脱墨牛皮纸浆的缩写dlk double-line clippings双线限位的缩写dms dynamic mechanical spectroscopy动力谱学的缩写dmso dimethyl sulfoxide二甲亚砜的缩写dmt dimethyl terephthalate对邻苯二甲酸二甲酯的缩写do dissolved oxygen溶解氧的缩写dp degree of polymerizstry聚合度的缩写dsc differential scanning calorimetry微分扫描量热法的缩写dvc digital valve controller数字伐控制器的缩写daewoo 大宇制纸有限公司。
毕业设计中英文翻译封皮格式及装订顺序
毕业设计中英文翻译学生姓名： 学号： 学专 指导教师：年 月（小二号居中）三号楷体 三号楷体 三号楷体1．×××××××（一级标题用小3号黑体，加粗，并留出上0.5行，段后0.5行）（作为文章2级标题，用小4号黑体，加粗）×××××××××（小4号宋体）××××××…………1.1.1 ××××（作为正文3级标题，用小4号黑体，不加粗）×××××××××（小4号宋体，行距1.5倍）×××××××××××××××××××××××××××………装订顺序：1、英文文章2、中文翻译外文翻译译文题目一种自动化夹具设计方法原稿题目A Clamping Design Approach for Automated Fixture Design原稿出处Int J Adv Manuf Technol (2001) 18:784–789一种自动化夹具设计方法塞西尔美国，拉斯克鲁塞斯，新墨西哥州立大学，，工业工程系，虚拟企业工程实验室（VEEL）在这片论文里，描述了一种新的计算机辅助夹具设计方法。
对于一个给定的工件，这种夹具设计方法包含了识别加紧表面和夹紧位置点。
通过使用一种定位设计方法去夹紧和支撑工件，并且当机器正在运行的时候，可以根据刀具来正确定位工件。
高考英语熟词生义高频词汇精讲(第二辑)第01讲(解析版)
高考中的熟词生义第一讲（解析版）写出划线单词的词性，选出释义1.To cover the cost of hiring a bus, each student will have to pay $10 each time.A.覆盖B.行走(一段路程)；C.足以支付，够付；D.采访E.书刊封面，封皮【答案】C【解析】【熟义】覆盖【生义】足以支付，够付【翻译】为了支付雇用公共汽车的费用，每个学生每次必须支付10$。
故选C项。
2．In many places in China, the bicycle is still a popular means of transportation.A．打算；意味着B.小气的，吝啬的C．means 方式，方法【答案】C【解析】【熟义】意味着【生义】小气的，吝啬的；means 方式，方法【翻译】在中国的许多地方，自行车仍然是一种流行的交通工具。
故选C项。
3.She had brought ill luck into her family.A.生病的B.坏的/地【答案】B【解析】【熟义】生病的【生义】坏的/地【翻译】她给家里带来了厄运..故选B项。
4.Let's go out for lunch—my treat．A.以…态度对待B.治疗，医治C.款待，招待【答案】C【解析】【熟义】对待，治疗【生义】款待；请客吃饭【翻译】我们出去吃午饭吧-我请客。
故选C项。
5．Therefore, students should be advised to sign up as soon as possible.A．符号，记号B.迹象，预兆 C.签字，签署【答案】C【解析】【熟义】符号，记号【生义】签字，签署【翻译】因此，应建议学生尽快报名。
故选C项。
6．My uncle gave me a camera with a high resolution image.___________ A：n 解决；决心B：n 清晰度；分辨率【答案】B【解析】【熟义】决心【生义】清晰度；分辨率【翻译】我叔叔给了我一台高分辨率的相机。
纸业专业英语词汇翻译（R1）
纸业专业英语词汇翻译(R1)radio cone paper 扬声器纸ragbook 高级书籍纸rag(content) paper 含有破布浆的纸张rag(content) perforating paper 破布浆打空纸rag(content) plate paper 破布浆书籍纸rag(content) printing paper 破布浆印刷纸railroad copying tissue 铁路用拷贝薄页纸railroad fibre 铁路用钢纸railroad manila 铁路用马尼拉纸railroad writing 铁路用书写纸rat preservative paper 防鼠纸raw paper 原纸raw emery paper 粗砂纸reaction paper 试纸，反应纸reagent paper 试剂纸ream paper 成令的平板纸ream wrappers 令包装纸reclaimed waste paper 回收废纸record paper 记录纸recorder chart paper 记录表格纸recording paper 记录纸recording instrument paper 记录器用纸recording tape(paper) 打空电报纸recovery paper 回收纸张red envelope paper 红色封皮纸red folio board 红色文件夹纸red litmus paper 红色石蕊纸red matrix paper 红色字型纸red patch paper 红色增强纸red rope paper 红色麻浆纸red rosin sheeting paper 红色松香防护纸red rosin-sized sheathing 红色松香胶防护纸red wallet 红色纸夹纸refrigerator paper 冰箱用纸register paper 划线记录纸reinforced paper 增强纸reinforced building paper 增强建筑用纸reinforced filler paper 强化衬补纸reinforced union paper 增强防潮纸，增强沥青纸release paper 防粘纸release coated paper 防粘涂布纸relief paper 凸版印刷纸repp paper 棱纹纸reprint paper 翻印纸reproduction paper 复印纸repriducting paper 复印纸reprographic paper 复印纸reptissue 压纹薄纸resin impregnated paper 树脂浸渍纸resin-impregnating blotting paper 树脂浸渍吸收纸resistance response recording paper 阻抗感应记录纸ribbed(kraft) paper 条纹牛皮纸ribbon paper 丝带纸rice paper 蒲草纸rocket paper 焰火用纸roll paper 卷筒纸roll end 卷筒盖纸roll tissue 薄页纸卷roofing paper 屋顶纸roofing base paper 屋顶原纸roofing felt 屋顶油毡原纸roofing rags 屋顶用破布油毡原纸roofing wrappers 屋顶油毡纸用包装纸rope paper 绳纸rope armature paper 电机线圈绝缘纸rope brown paper 棕色绳纸rope sack paper 强韧纸袋纸rope manila sand paper 马尼拉麻浆砂纸rotary printing paper 轮转印刷用纸rotogravure paper 轮转凹版印刷纸rough surface paper 无光泽纸ruled paper （横）格纸ruling paper （横）格纸rust free paper 防锈纸rust inhibitor paper 防锈纸rust preventive paper 防锈纸radar board 雷达纸板rag board 破布浆纸板railroad board 火车票用纸板reed board 苇浆纸板reinforcement board 鞋底纸板；增强纸板resin board 树脂处理纸板roll(ed) board 卷筒纸板roof(insulating) board 屋顶纸板reverse roll coater 逆转辊式涂布机rod coater 棒式涂布机roll coater 辊式涂布机roll kiss coater 吻合辊式涂布机rollflex coater 挠曲辊式涂布机rotogravure print coater 转印式涂布机round brush coater 圆刷式涂布机radio cone paper 扬声器纸rag (content) paper 含有破布浆的纸张rat preservative paper 防鼠纸raw paper 原纸raw emery paper 粗砂纸reaction paper 试纸；反应纸reagent paper 试（剂）纸ream paper 成令的平板纸reclaimed waste paper 回收废纸record paper 记录纸recorder chart paper 记录表格纸recording paper 记录纸recording instrument paper 记录器用纸recording tape (paper) 打孔电报纸recovery paper 回收纸张red litmus paper 红色石蕊纸red matrix paper 红色字型纸red patch paper 红色增强纸refrigerator paper 冰箱用纸register paper 划线记录纸reinforced paper 增强纸reinforced building paper 增强建筑用纸reinforced union paper 增强防潮纸，增强沥青纸release paper 防粘纸release coated paper 防沾涂布纸relief paper 凸版印刷纸repp paper 棱纹纸reproduction paper 复印纸reproducing paper 复印纸reprographie paper 复制纸resin impregnated paper 树脂浸渍纸resistance response recording paper 阻抗感应记录纸ribbed (kraft) paper 条纹（牛皮）纸ribbon paper 丝带纸rice paper 蒲草纸rocket paper 焰火用纸roll paper 卷筒纸roofing paper 屋顶纸roofing base paper 屋顶原纸rope paper 绳纸rope armature paper 电机线圈绝缘纸rope brown paper （棕色）绳纸rope sack paper 强韧纸袋纸rotary printing paper 轮转印刷用纸rotogravure paper 轮转凹版印刷纸rough surface paper 无光泽纸ruled paper （横）格纸ruling paper （横）格纸rust free paper 防锈纸rust inhibitor paper 防锈纸r-1 process r-1法制备二氧化氯r-2 process r-2法制备二氧化氯r-3 process r-3法制备二氧化氯r-4 process r-4法制备二氧化氯r-5 process r-5法制备二氧化氯r-6 process r-6法制备二氧化氯r-7 process r-7法制备二氧化氯rapson process rapson硫酸还原法制备二氧化氯radfoam process 泡沫成形法造成纸ramen process ramen亚硫酸盐废液回收法rapid (cycle) vapor phase cooking process 快速循环气相蒸煮rauma process rauma预浸亚硫酸钠两段蒸煮reeve-rapson process r.r.碱回收脱盐法refiner process 木片磨木浆的制备rietz process rietz蔗渣湿法除髓ritter-kellner process 亚硫酸盐快煮方法rosenblads process 汽提法（除臭）rugnenot process rugnenot蔗渣连续蒸煮法rabbet 槽口rabble 耙臂，耙齿rack 支柱；机架；框；齿条racking 垛架racking strength 剥离强度radial check 辐射线裂纹radial cut 径切面radial intercellular canal 径向胞间道radial pore multiple 径向复管孔raddial porous wood 辐射孔材radial saw 万能圆锯radial section 径向切面radial vascular bundle 辐射维管束radial wall 径向壁radial wood 径向木材radoal drying 辐射干燥radoal heat 辐射热radoal heating 辐射加热radiating surface 辐射面radiata pine 辐射松radiaticn 放射；辐射radiator 辐射体；放射器；散热器radical 根；基；原子团radicle 根，基radiclone 辐射状锥形除渣器radio frequency drying 高频干燥radio frequency heating 高频加热radio-isotope 放射性同位素radioactive material 放射性金属radioactive tracer 放射性示踪剂radioactivity 放射性；放射能力radius of gyration 回转半径raffinate 磨浆raffinator 单动盘磨机raffinose 棉子糖raft 木筏；竹筏；筏运（木材）raft-wood 筏流木rafting 筏运rafting reservoir 水上贮木场rag 破布rag breaker 破布半浆机rag boiler 破布蒸煮器rag chopper 切布机rag content 破布浆配比rag cutter 切布机rag cutter with disc knives 盘刀式切布机rag cutter with revolving knives 滚刀式切布机rag cutting machine 切布机rag cuttings 碎布rag dust 破布尘屑rag duster 破布除尘机rag engine 破布半浆机rag index bristol 全破布浆索引卡纸rag lining 破布浆挂面纸板rag roll 破布撕碎辊，破布喂料辊rag room 选布工段rag slitter 破布条切割机rag sorting 破布拣选rag sorting loft 选料间rag sorting roll 破布拣选辊rag sorting room 选布工段rag stock 破布浆rag thrasher 破布松散机rag tub （破布）半料洗涤机rag washer （破布）半料洗涤机rag willow 破布除尘器；破布敲打机rag wrapper 灰色包装纸ragger 水力碎浆机用绞绳装置rags collector 破布除尘器；破布收购商贩railroad buffs （火车票用）浅黄色纸板railroad car 火车车箱railroad duster 羊角除尘机railroad manila （火车票用）马尼拉纸板raised grain 粗糙表面；波纹纹理raised printing 浮凸雕印rag pulp 破布浆rayon (grade) pulp 人造丝浆reclaimed pulp 回收浆reed pulp 苇浆rope manila pulp 白棕绳浆raispail's reaction raispail反应（检验纸张中松香胶）rake conveyer 刮板运输机rake roll 木齿回转辊ramification 分枝ramify 分枝random access 随机存取random distribution 无规则分布，随机分布random lengths 任意长度randomly oriented fiber 无规定向纤维，随机定向纤维randomly oriented web 纤维无规定向的纸幅rapid analysis 快速分析rapid cooking 快速蒸煮rapid cycle digestion 快速蒸煮raschin ring 腊希格环，拉氏环rate of causticization 苛化速率rate of drying 干燥速度rate of feeding 喂料速度，进料速度rate of filtration 过滤速度rate of growth 生长速度rate of reaction 反应速度ratio 比率rattle 发脆；脆响；发响raw acid 原酸raw acid settling tank 原酸澄清槽raw bark 粗皮raw cook 生煮；生片，生料raw cotton 原棉raw lacquer 生漆raw material 原料raw material storage 贮料场raw stock 原浆raw water 清水；原水raw weight 毛重raw wood 原木ray cell 木射线细胞ray check 射线开裂ray initial 射线原始细胞ray sieve tube 射线筛管ray tracheid 射线管胞ray vessel pitting 射线；导管纹孔对rayon 人造纤维rayon cord 人造纤维帘子线；人造丝绳rayon fiber 人造丝纤维rayon pulp 人造丝浆rayon reject 人造丝浆筛渣rayon wool 尼龙纤维rayophane 水化纤维素薄膜（商业名称）reaction chamber 反应室reaction interface 反应界面reaction mechanism 反应机理reaction medium 反应介质reaction mixture 反应混合物reaction site 反应区域reaction stage 反应阶段reaction tank 反应槽reaction tower 反应塔reaction trap 截止阀feaction wood 畸形木reactivate 再活化，再生reactivator 再生器reactivity 反应性能，反应能力reactor 反应器。
翻译实践报告范文(共7篇)
翻译实践报告范文(共7篇)1. 引言 ................................................ ................................................... (1)2. 翻译过程分析 ................................................ ................................................... .....2.1直译法 ................................................ ................................................... ...............2.2排比、对偶句的处理 ................................................ ..........................................2.3语序调整 ................................................ ................................................... ...........2.4成语及四字词语的处理 ......................................................................................3. 结语 ................................................ ................................................... .....................参考文献................................................. ................................................... ....................1. 引言翻译是一门艺术，一门语言的艺术。
印刷术语英语翻译
【凹版印刷术语英语翻译】暗调部分 shaded area凹凸印 embossing 用凹凸两块印版，把印刷品压印出浮雕状图像的加工。
扒圆 rounding 圆脊精装书在上书壳前，先把书芯背部处理成圆弧形的工序。
包本 covering 在书芯上裹封皮。
包封皮机 book covering machine 对书芯籍背脊自动上胶并粘贴封皮的机器。
包角 corner-wrapping 以某种材料包裹书壳的四角。
背面涂层 back coating表面整饰 decorativefinishing 在书籍封皮或其他印刷品上进行上光、覆膜、擦金、烫箔、压凹凸或其他装饰加工的总称。
部件托板 equipment carrier擦金 bronzing 以一定的浆料印好字迹或图案，趁其未干敷上金黄色金属粉末任其粘附后，把多余的粉末擦刷去，呈露金色的文字或图案。
插页 insert 书刊中插入不成帖的零页。
磁盘分配表 disk allocation table(DAT)打排孔 perforating 在单据、票证或其他零件印刷的印件上打一排小孔，以便于撕下。
订口 gutter 书页装订部位的一侧，从版边到书背的白连。
订书机 book stitcher,stitching machine 把书帖或散页装订成册的机器统称，可分锁线订书机、骑马订书机、铁丝平订机等。
堵头布 head band 贴在精装书芯背脊天头与地脚两端的特制物。
分期出版，分期发表 appear in installments分切 slitting 把宽度大的卷材或卷状产品进行纵向裁剖成所需宽度的分卷。
封皮 cover 书刊的外层，包括封面、封底及书背。
复合包装材料 multi-layer-packaging material 把纸张、塑料薄膜或金属箔等两种或两种以上材料复合在一起，以适应各种用途要求的包装材料。
光亮镀铜 glazed skin coppering 在电解液中加入有机添加剂使镀成的铜层具有光泽的特殊镀铜工艺。
本科毕业论文文献综述及英文翻译撰写要求与格式规范
本科毕业论文（设计）文献综述和外文翻译撰写要求与格式规范一、毕业论文（设计）文献综述（一）毕业论文（设计）文献综述的内容要求1．封面：由学校统一设计，普通A4纸打印即可。
2.正文综述正文部分需要阐述所选课题在相应学科领域中的发展进程和研究方向，特别是近年来的发展趋势和最新成果。
通过与中外研究成果的比较和评论，说明自己的选题是符合当前的研究方向并有所进展，或采用了当前的最新技术并有所改进，目的是使读者进一步了解本课题的意义。
文中的用语、图纸、表格、插图应规范、准确，量和单位的使用必须符合国家标准规定，不得使用已废弃的单位，如：高斯（G和Gg）、亩、克、分子浓度（M）、当量能度（N）等。
量和单位用法定符号表示。
引用他人资料要有标注。
文献综述字数在3000字以上。
正文前须附300字左右中文摘要，末尾须附参考文献。
列出的参考文献限于作者直接阅读过的、最主要的且一般要求发表在正式出版物上的文献。
参考文献的著录按在文章中出现的先后顺序编号。
期刊类文献书写方法:[序号]作者（不超过3人，多者用等或etal表示）.题（篇）名[J].刊名,出版年,卷次（期次）:起止页次.图书类文献书写方法:[序号]作者.书名[M].版本.出版地:出版者,出版年:起止页次.论文集类文献书写方法:[序号]作者.篇名[C].论文集名.出版地:出版者,出版年:起止页次.学位论文类书写方法:[序号]作者.篇名[D].出版地:单位名称,年份.电子文献类书写方法:[序号]主要责任者. 题名:其他题名信息[文献类型标志/文献载体标志]出版地:出版者,出版年（更新或修改日期）[引用日期].获取和访问途径.参考文献应在10篇以上。
（二）毕业论文（设计）文献综述撰写与装订的格式规范第一部分：封面1.封面：由学校统一设计。
第二部分：文献综述主题1.中文摘要与关键词摘要标题（五号，宋体，顶格，加粗）摘要内容(五号，宋体)关键词标题（五号，宋体，顶格，加粗）关健词内容（五号，宋体，词间用分号隔开）2.正文标题标题最多分四级。
凹版印刷术语英语翻译
【凹版印刷术语英语翻译】暗调部分shaded area凹凸印embossing 用凹凸两块印版，把印刷品压印出浮雕状图像的加工。
扒圆rounding 圆脊精装书在上书壳前，先把书芯背部处理成圆弧形的工序。
包本covering 在书芯上裹封皮。
包封皮机book covering machine 对书芯籍背脊自动上胶并粘贴封皮的机器。
包角corner-wrapping 以某种材料包裹书壳的四角。
背面涂层back coating表面整饰decorativefinishing 在书籍封皮或其他印刷品上进行上光、覆膜、擦金、烫箔、压凹凸或其他装饰加工的总称。
部件托板equipment carrier擦金bronzing 以一定的浆料印好字迹或图案，趁其未干敷上金黄色金属粉末任其粘附后，把多余的粉末擦刷去，呈露金色的文字或图案。
插页insert 书刊中插入不成帖的零页。
磁盘分配表disk allocation table(DAT)打排孔perforating 在单据、票证或其他零件印刷的印件上打一排小孔，以便于撕下。
订口gutter 书页装订部位的一侧，从版边到书背的白连。
订书机book stitcher,stitching machine 把书帖或散页装订成册的机器统称，可分锁线订书机、骑马订书机、铁丝平订机等。
堵头布head band 贴在精装书芯背脊天头与地脚两端的特制物。
分期出版，分期发表appear in installments分切slitting 把宽度大的卷材或卷状产品进行纵向裁剖成所需宽度的分卷。
封皮cover 书刊的外层，包括封面、封底及书背。
复合包装材料multi-layer-packaging material 把纸张、塑料薄膜或金属箔等两种或两种以上材料复合在一起，以适应各种用途要求的包装材料。
光亮镀铜glazed skin coppering 在电解液中加入有机添加剂使镀成的铜层具有光泽的特殊镀铜工艺。
纸业专业英语词汇翻译
纸业专业英语词汇翻译abrasive paper 砂纸abrasive base paper 砂纸原纸absorbing paper 吸水纸；吸收性纸account book paper 帐簿纸accounting machine paper 计算机用纸acid-free paper 无酸纸acid-proof paper 耐酸纸acid resistant paper 耐酸纸acoustic paper 隔音纸actinometer paper 溴化银印相纸active paper 吸湿纸adding machine paper 计算机用纸address label paper 地址标签纸adhesive paper 胶粘纸advertising paper 广告纸，招贴纸agate paper 仿大理石纸agate marble paper 仿玛瑙大理五石纹纸age resistant paper 耐老化纸air paper 航空信纸air-dried paper 风干纸air-filtration paper 空气滤纸air-knife coated paper 气刀涂布纸air-mail paper 航空信纸air-proof paper 不透气纸air-tight paper 气密纸alabaster paper 名片纸alabaster paper 薄纸albumenized paper 蛋白胶纸，蛋白纸albumin paper 蛋白胶纸aligning paper 地图纸alkali-proof paper 耐碱纸all rag paper 全棉纤维纸all-wood paper 全木浆纸allogator imitation paper 仿鳄皮纸alpha printing paper 西班牙草浆印刷纸alpha-writing paper 西班牙草浆书写纸aluminum paper 铝纸aluminum-castling paper 铝衬纸aluminum-coated paper 铝涂布纸aluminum-dusted paper 铝粉纸aluminum-foil backing paper 铝箔衬纸aluminum diaphragm paper 石棉隔膜纸aluminum (electrical)insulating paper 石棉(电)绝缘纸aluminum wall paper 石棉壁纸aseptic paper 消毒纸,防腐纸ash less paper 无灰纸ash filter paper 无灰滤纸aluminum laminated paper 铝箔夹层纸amber laid paper 琥柏条纹纸ammunition paper 弹药筒纸amplitude response recording paper 频率感应记录纸analytical filter paper 分析化学用滤纸angle paper 斜面纸angle-cut yarer 斜截面纸angular paper 斜角纸animal tub-sized paper 动物胶表面施胶纸anti-acid paper 耐酸纸，抗酸纸anti-acid manila paper 耐酸马尼拉纸anti-corrosion paper 防蚀纸anti-falsification paper 仿伪造纸anti-fungicide paper 防霉纸anti-fusion paper 服装剪裁用纸anti-tarnish paper 防锈纸anti-rust base paper 防锈原纸anti-tarnish paper 防锈纸antique paper 低光泽纸，仿古纸antique book paper 仿古书籍纸antique-bristol paper 仿古整饰光泽厚纸antique-cover paper 仿古整饰封面纸antique-eggshell paper 粗糙表面仿白纸粗糙表面仿白纸antique-glazed paper 低光泽纸antique-printing paper 仿古印刷纸,低光泽印刷纸anti-rust paper 防锈纸antiseptic paper 杀菌纸antitarnish paper 保光泽纸apricot paper 粉红色水果包装纸aquare(le) paper 水彩图画纸，水彩画纸archival paper 档案纸armature paper 绝缘纸aromatic paper 香料纸arsenical paper 含砷纸art paper 美术纸，铜版纸，涂料纸art-cover paper 美术装饰纸art-drawing paper 水彩例纸art-poster paper 美术广告纸；美工宣传纸articulating paper 牙科用纸artificial leather paper 人造革纸artificial parchment paper 仿羊皮纸asbestos paper 石棉纸asbestos base paper 钡地原纸，照相原纸asphalt paper 防潮纸,沥青纸，柏油纸asphalt base paper 沥青原纸asphalt coated paper 沥青涂布纸asphalt laminated paper 沥青层合纸asphalt saturated paper 防潮纸,沥青纸asphalt moisture proof paper 防潮纸,沥青纸asphalt sheathing paper 涂布防潮纸,沥青涂布纸asphalting paper 防潮纸，沥青纸asthma paper 防喘纸atlas paper 地图纸，绘图纸，印图纸autochion printing paper 彩色印刷纸auto copy paper 压感复写纸autograph paper 纪念册纸autographic register paper 自动(划线)记录纸autographic transfer paper 复印纸automobile-bag paper 汽车袋用纸automobile tire roll paper 轮胎包装纸autotype paper 复制纸，影印纸avenue paper 食品包装纸azure laid(writing) paper 蓝条纹书写纸A printing A级印刷纸（含漂白磨木浆）absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute temperature 绝对温度absorbency of paper 纸张吸收性能absorbent 吸收性的，吸收剂absorbent paper 吸水纸，易吸墨的印刷纸addition agent 添加剂additional agent 添加剂autotype pigment paper 碳素纸autogtaphic printing paper 转写纸autographic stencil paper 誊写版蜡纸articulating paper 双面复写纸artificial parchment 仿硫酸纸artist's illustration board 绘图用厚纸ash content 灰分纸张Ashcroft tester 纸张耐破裂度测试仪ashless filter paper 无灰滤纸art board 涂料板纸art vellum 仿羊皮纸antitarnish paper 防锈纸antiquarian 纸张尺寸antifalsification paper 防伪造纸animal parchment 羊皮纸anopisthographic block book 单面印刷的木版纸A flute A级瓦楞纸波形数abaca(Musa texilis) 马尼拉麻，蕉麻abele(Populus alba) 银白杨abienol 松香醇abies 冷杉属abietate 松香酸酯abieteae(Abietoideae) 冷杉（亚科），松亚科abietene 松香烯abietic acid 松香酸abrader 研磨机abrading machine 研磨机abrasion 磨损，磨蚀abrasion resistance 抗磨性能abrasion test 耐磨试验abrasion t3ester 耐磨试验机abrasive 磨损的，磨蚀的abrasive acrion 磨蚀作用abrasive fiber 砂纸原纸用纤维abrasive grain 磨（料）粒（度）abrasive machine 研磨机abrasive resistance 抗磨性能abrasive tester 耐磨试验机abrasiveness 磨蚀absolute alcohol 无水酒精absolute alcohol dry 绝干absolute alcohol humidity 绝对湿度absolute alcohol temperature 绝对温度absolute unit 绝对单位absorb 吸收absorbability 吸收性能absorbed water 吸收水absorbency 吸收能力；吸收本领absorbent 吸收剂absorbent felt 吸水毛毯absorber 吸收器，吸收剂，减震器absorbing capacity 吸收能力absorbing capacity column 吸收塔absorbing capacity pad 防震垫absorbing capacity power 吸收能力absorbing capacity quality 吸收性能；吸收能力absorbing capacity tower 吸收塔absorption 吸收作用absorption ability 吸收能力absorption band 吸收光带absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption measurement 吸收测定absorption rate 吸收率absorption spwctrum 吸收光谱absorption tester 吸收试验仪absorption tower 吸收塔absorptive capacity 吸收能力absorptivity 吸收能力，吸收率acacia (Acacia) 金合欢（属）acacia false (Robinia psendon cacia L.) 刺槐；洋槐acacia gum 金合欢胶accelerant 催速剂，促进剂，加速剂accelerated ageing 加速老化accelerated cement 速凝水泥accelerated oxidation 加速氧化accelerated weathering 人工加速风干accelerating agent 催速剂，促进剂accelerator 加速器，促进剂acceptability 合格率acceptable fiber 合格纤维accepted chips 合格木片accepted chips product 合格产品accepted chips stock 合格浆料acceptance sampling system 合格率抽样系统acceptance sampling system test 合格率检查accepts 合格品；良浆access time 存取时间，选取时间，信息发送时间accessibility 可及度accessory 附件；零件a.c. commutator motor 整流式交流电动机accident prevention 技术保安措施accidental error 偶（然误）差accordion fold 手风琴式折纸法accumulation 累积，蓄积，储积，堆积accumulator 储存槽，回收槽；蓄电池；污热水槽accumulator acid （亚硫酸盐制浆）回收酸accumulator relief 储存槽排气，回收槽排气accumulator tank 储存槽，回收槽，污热水槽accuracy 准确（度，性）；精密（度，性）acer 枫树，槭树<BR>acetal 乙缩醛，乙醛缩二乙醇acetaldehyde 乙醛acetate 醋酸盐；醋酸酯；醋酸根（或基）acetate fiber 醋酸纤维acetate film 醋酸盐胶片acetate rayon 醋酸人造丝acetic acid 醋酸acetic acid anhydride 醋（酸水）解acetone 丙酮acetonitrile 乙腈aceto-veratrone 乙酰藜芦酮acetyl 乙酰（基）acetyl cellulose 醋酸纤维素acetyl vanilloyl 乙酰基香草酰acetylate 乙酰化，乙酰化产物acetylation 乙酰化（作用）achromatic 消色的，消色差的acid accumulator （酸液）回收锅（或槽）acid accumulator alizarin dye 茜素染料，1，2-二羟基蒽醌染料acid accumulator alum 酸性明矾acid accumulator bath 酸溶；脱酸槽acid accumulator bleaching 酸性漂白acid accumulator chloride 酸性氯化物acid accumulator circulation 酸液循环acid accumulator composition 酸液组成acid accumulator dye（stuff) 酸性染料acid accumulator extract 酸抽提acid accumulator fastness 耐酸度acid accumulator filter 滤酸器acid accumulator fortitying system 酸液强化系统acid accumulator free 无酸的，脱酸的，不含酸的acid accumulator group 酸根（或基）acid accumulator halide 酸性卤化物acid accumulator insoluble lignin 酸不溶木素acid accumulator lignin 酸木素acid accumulator line 酸液管道acid accumulator liquor 酸液acid accumulator maker 制酸工acid accumulator making 制酸acid accumulator number 酸值acid accumulator penetration 酸液渗透，酸液浸透acid accumulator plant 制酸车间acid accumulator preheater 酸液预热器acid accumulator press （羊皮纸机用）压酸辊acid accumulator proof enamel 防酸搪瓷acid accumulator prmp 酸泵acid accumulator recovery plant 酸液回收车间acid accumulator reduction 酸性还原acid accumulator resistance 耐酸性能，耐酸强度acid accumulator resistant 耐酸合金acid accumulator tesistant brick 耐酸砖acid accumulator tesisting bronze 耐酸铜acid accumulator resisting felt 耐酸毛毯acid accumulator resisting mortar 耐酸灰泥acid accumulator resisting paint 耐酸油漆acid accumulator resisting steel 耐酸铜acid accumulator resisting tile 耐酸砖acid accumulator rosin size 酸性松香胶acid accumulator settling basin 酸液澄清槽acid accumulator salt 酸式盐acid accumulator size 酸性施胶剂acid accumulator soluble 酸溶（性）acid accumulator soluble lignin 酸溶性木素acid accumulator souring 酸处理acid accumulator stable size 酸稳性施胶剂acid accumulator storage 贮酸槽acid accumulator strength 酸液浓度acid accumulator sulfite 酸性亚硫酸盐acid accumulator tank 酸槽acid accumulator tower 制酸塔，酸塔acid accumulator trap 分酸器acid accumulator treatment 酸处理acid accumulator treatment tower 酸处理塔acid accumulator tub 酸槽acid accumulator wash 酸洗acid accumulator water 酸水acidic 酸的，酸性的acidification 酸化（作用）acidifier 酸化器；酸化剂acidified water 酸化水acidify 酸化acidity 酸度acidity control 酸度控制acidolysis 酸解acidometer 酸度计，PH计，酸（液）比重计acidproof 耐酸的acidproof brick 耐酸砖acidproof cement 耐酸水泥acidproof lining 耐酸衬里acifulate 酸化acoustic insulation 隔音acoustic insulation properties 声学性质Aeroart 高密度聚乙烯合成纸（美国Aeroline产品，商业名称）across grain 横纹理acrylamide 丙烯酰胺acrylate 丙烯酸盐acrylic acid 丙烯酸acrylic acid bound coating 丙烯酸盐涂布acrylic acid compound 丙烯酯化合物acrylic acid emulsion 丙烯乳液acrylic acid fiber 丙烯纤维acrylonitrile 丙烯腈acrylonitrile butadiene rubber latex 丙烯腈，丁二烯其聚体乳胶activared carbon 活性碳activared carbon clay 活性白上activared carbon silica 活性硅activared carbon sludge 活性污泥activared carbon sulfur 活性硫酸activation 活性（作用）active alkali 活性碱active alkali alkali to wood ration 碱比，活性碱对木材量的比率active alkali carbon 活性碳active alkali chemical to wood ratio 碱比，用碱量active alkali chlorine 有效氯active alkali lime 有效石灰active alkali sulfur 有效硫酸active alkali surface 活性表面activity 活性度actual volume 有效容积，实际容积actual volume weight 实际重量，有效重量actuating signal 驱动信号，作用信号actuation time 动作时间actuator 驱动器；执行机构；激励器acylate 酰化；酰化产物acylation 酰化（作用）adapter 接合器；连接器；接头addition compound 加成化合物addition compound polymer 加成聚合物addition compound product 加成产物addition compound reaction 加成反应additional acid tank 辅助贮酸槽，辅助酸液槽additional dryer 附加烘缸additive 添加剂additive reaction 加成反应adherence 粘附adherent 粘附的adhesion 粘附（现象）；粘附力adhesion of wet web 湿纸胎粘附现象adhesion strength 粘附强度adhesion tester 粘附力测定仪adhesive 粘附剂，粘合剂，胶粘剂，粘着剂；胶粘的adhesive capacity 粘附能力；胶粘度adhesive dissolving tank 溶胶桶adhesive felt 衬底用纸板adhesive force 胶粘力，粘着力，粘附力adhesive glassine tank 粘胶槽adhesive (glassine）tape 胶（带）纸adhesive migration 胶粘剂的迁移adiabatic condition 绝热状态，绝热情况adiabatic condition eficiency 绝热效率adiabatic cindition expansion 绝热膨胀adiabatic cindition throtling 绝热调节adipo-cellulose 含脂纤维素adjective color 间接染料adjust 调节，调整；修正adjustable bow curved roll （可调节）弧形辊，（可调）弓形辊adjustable bow curved roll orifice 可调锐板adjustable bow curved roll speed motor 调速电动机adjusting color 调色adjusting color device 调节装置adjusting color screw 调节螺旋adjusting color controls 调节控制器admission valve 进气阀；进浆阀admixture 掺和剂；掺和，混合adsorb 吸附adsorbability 吸附性（能）adsorbate （被）吸附物；吸附质adsorbed water 吸附水adsorbent 吸附剂，吸附的adsorption 吸附（作用）adsorptive capncity 吸附能力adsorptivity 吸附性（能）adulf wood 成年材advanced water treatment AWT 污水处理法，（污水）三级处理<BR>aerate 曝气，充气aerated lagoon 曝气塘aeration 曝气，充气aeration basin 曝气塘aeration tank 充气槽，充气罐aerator 曝气机aerobic 需氧的aerobic bacteria 好氧细菌，需氧细菌aerobic treatment 充氧处理aerogel 气凝胶aeromix wet scrubber 文丘里型洗涤塔affinity 亲力，亲合势；亲合能，亲合性afforestation 造体after dryer 后部烘缸组after dryer sizing 后施胶，表面施胶afrer dryer treatment 后处理agalite 滑石agar 琼脂agave 龙舌兰aged wood 老化材ag(e)ing 老化agglomerate 附聚（作用）；烧结（作用）agglutinant 烧结剂；凝集剂agglomeration 聚集体agitating valve 搅拌浆agitation 搅拌（作用）agitator 搅拌器aging quality 耐久性；老化性能aging quality resistance 抗老化性能aging quality test 老化试验Ahlfors screen Ahlfors 木片筛aid 促进剂，辅助剂air bells （水印辊构成的）气泡（纸病）air bells blade 气刀air bells blast duster 风选机aidr bells blast system 鼓风系统；风选系统air bells bleed press 抽气压榨，吸风压榨air bells blower 鼓风机air bells blowing roll 热风辊air bells borne drying 气垫干燥，气托干燥air bells brake 空气制动器，风闸air bells brush 气刷air bells bubble （空）气泡air bells cap(drying) 热风罩（干燥）air bells chamber 通风室air bells channel 通风道air bells chip distributor 风送木片分布器air bells compressor 压缩空气机，空压机air bells condenser 空气冷凝器air bells conditioner 空气调节装置，空调设施air bells conditioning equipment 空气调节装置，空调设施air bells content 空气含量air bells controlled 气控air bells centrolled dilution valve 气控稀释阀air bells cooled 空气冷却air bells cooling 空气冷却air bells curtain 气帘，气幕air bells cushion 气挚air bells damper 风挡air bells deekle 气控定边器air bells doctor 气刀，空气刮刀air bells drainer 空气助滤压榨air bells dried 风干air bells dried wood 风干材air bells dry 风干air bells dry basis 风干基础air bells dry weight 风干重量air bells dryer 空气干燥器，热风干燥器air bells drying 风干的；热风干燥air bells drying machine 用热风干燥的造纸机air bells ejector 空气喷射器air bells entrainment 空气含量air bells escape valve 排气阀，放空阀air bells exhauster 排风机air bells filter 空气过滤器air bells float dryer 气垫干燥装置，气托干燥装置air bells float(drying) 气垫（干燥），气托（干燥）air bells float table 气托堆纸台air bells flow 气流air bells foil 热风气翼air bells foil dryer 气翼箱式热风干燥装置air bells heater 空气加热器air bells intake 进风口，空气入口air bells jet 空气喷嘴air bells knife 气刀air bells knife coating 气刀涂布air bells knife mark 气刀痕（纸病）air bells laid 空气沉降air bells -lay drying 热风干燥air bells line 空气管道air bells loaded headbox 气垫网前箱，气垫式压力流浆箱air bells loaded tension device 气动张力装置air bells nozzle 喷气嘴air bells operated automatic control 气动调湿控制器air bells operated thermostat 气动恒温器air bells outlet flue 排气管air bells permeability 透气性，透气度air bells permeability tester 透气度测定仪air bells piping 风管air bells pollution 大气污染air bells preheater 空气预热器air bells proof 不透气的；密封的air bells press 空气压力air bells quality 空气质量air bells regulator 空气调节器air bells removing roll 排气辊，（伏辊上方）小压辊air bells reservoir 贮气箱；气库air bells resisTANCE 空气阻力air bells roll 压纸辊air bells scrubber 空气洗涤器，净气器air bells seal 气封air bells separator 吹（气分）离器air bells space 空域，大气层；空隙air bells spring 气垫air bells stripping 空气脱吸，空气抽提air bells sword （卸纸垛装置的）气刀air bells tight 不透气的air bells trap 空气阱air bells valve （空）气阀air bells velocity pressure 气流速度压力air bells vent 排气口air bells wash 浮气器Ａladdin former （纸板机用）Ａladdin夹网成形器（日本三菱制作所）albumen 蛋白（胶）albumin 白蛋白albuminous substances 白蛋白物质alburnum 边材alcohol 乙醇，酒精alcohol acid 醇酸alcohol benzene extractive 笨醇抽提物alcohol extractive 乙醇抽提物alcohol lignin 乙醇木素alcoholic extract 乙醇抽提物alcoholic extract fermentation 乙醇发酵alcoholic extract hydroxyl group 醇羟基alcoholysis 醇解alcoholytic splitting 醇分裂aldehyde 醛aldehyde resin 聚醛树腊alder(Alnus) 桤木（属）aldo－醛aldonic acid 糖醛酸，醛糖首酸aldose 醛糖alfa (Stipa tenacissima) 非洲蒲草alga(e) 藻类algicide 灭藻剂alginate 藻朊酸盐；藻朊酸纤维alginic acid 藻朊酸algorithm 算法alignment 顺序；划线；对准；调直aliphatic 脂（肪）族的aliphatic acid 脂族酸aliphatic compound 脂族化合物alizarine dyestuff 茜素染料alkali 碱alkali cellulose 碱纤维素alkali charge 用碱量alkali consumption 碱耗，耗碱量alkali extract 碱抽提物alkali extraction 碱抽提alkali extractive (substance) 碱抽提物alkali fastness 抗碱牢度，抗碱性alkali filler 碱性填料alkali free 无碱的，不含碱的alkali fusion 碱熔alkali hydrolysis 碱性水解alkali lignin 碱木素alkali loquor 碱液alkali proof 抗碱的alkali ratio 碱比alkali reeovery 碱回收alkali reslstance 抗碱性（能）alkali resisting 抗碱的alkali resisting cellulose 抗碱纤维素alkali sensitive 对碱活泼的alkali solubility 碱溶性alkali soluble 碱溶性的alkali stable 对碱稳定的alkali staining resistance 抗碱染性（能）alkali treatment 碱处理alkaline bleach liquor 碱性漂液alkaline bleach liquor cleavage 碱性分裂，碱性裂解alkaline bleach liquor degradation 碱性降解alkaline bleach liquor extraction 碱抽提alkaline bleach liquor extraction tower 碱抽提塔alkaline bleach liquor filler 碱性填料alkaline bleach liquor purification 碱处理；碱净化alkaline bleach liquor reducing agent 碱性还原剂alkaline bleach liquor sizing 碱性施胶alkaline bleach liquor solubility 碱溶性alkaline bleach liquor soluble 可溶于碱的alkaline bleach liquor solutioln 碱性溶液alkaline bleach liquor steeping test （溶解浆）碱浸试验alkaline bleach liquor treatment 碱处理alkaline bleach liquor wash 碱洗（涤）alkalinity 碱度，碱性alkaloid 生物碱alkyl 烷基alkyl hydrosulfide 烷基硫醇alkyl ketene 烷基烯酮alkyl ketene dimer 烷基烯酮二聚体alkyl sulfhydrate 烷基硫醇，烷基硫氢alkyl sulfide 硫醚，烷基硫alkylaryl sulfonate 烷基芳基磺酸盐alkylation 烷（基）化all purpose computer 通用电子计算机allowable current 容许电流allowable current deviation 容许误差allowable current error 容许误差allowable current load 容许负荷alloy 合金alloy steel 合金钢alpha cellulose a 纤维素alpha cellulose a gage a 射线仪alpha cellulose a protein a 蛋白质alpha cellulose a pinene a 蒎烯alum 明矾alum cake （明）矾块alum earth 铝矾土alum liquor 明矾液，矾土液alum speck （明）矾斑（点）纸病alum spot （明）矾斑（点）纸病alumina 氧化铝alumina baryta white 铝钡门alumina oxide 氧化铝aluminate 铝酸盐alumine 钡土，氧化铝aluminum foil 铝箱aluminum foil resinate 树脂酸铝aluminum foil stearate 硬酯酸铝aluminum foil sulfate 硫酸铝alumite 耐酸铝alunite 明矾石ambient conditions 环境条件，外界条件ambient comditions temperature 环境温度American arbor-vitae (Thujaoccidentalis L.) 香柏，美国侧柏，金钟柏American arbor-vitae (Thujaoccidentalis L.) aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) 颤杨，美国白杨amide 酰胺amine 胺amino acid 氨基酸amino acid ethyl cellulose 氨基乙基纤维素amion acid group 氨基amion acid polumer 氨基聚合物amion acid propyl cellulose 氨基丙基纤维素amion acid sugar 氨基糖ammeter 安培计，电流表ammonia 氮ammoniabase liquor 铵基蒸煮液ammonia liquor （粗）氨水ammonia test 氨试验ammonia water 氨水ammoniacal copper solution 铜氨（溶）液ammonium base 铵基ammonium base base liquor 铵基蒸煮液ammonium base bisulfate 硫酸氢铵ammonium base bisulfite 亚硫酸铵ammonium base compounds 铵基化合物ammonium base salts 铵盐ammonium base stearate 硬脂酸铵ammonium base sulfate 硫酸铵ammonium base sulfite 亚硫酸铵amorphous 无定形的amorphous cellulose 无定形纤维素，非结品纤维素amorphous region 无定形区，非结品区amorphous resin 无定形松香amphiphatic 偶极性amphoteric 两性的amphoteric reaction 两性反应amphoteric surface reactive agent 两性表面活性剂amplifier 放大器amplitude(of shake) 振幅amur corktree (Phellodendron amurense Rup.) 黄檗amylaceous 淀粉的amyulase 淀粉酶amylopectin 支链淀粉amylose 支链淀粉anaerobic 厌氧的anaerobic treatment 厌氧处理analog 类似，模似analog computer 模拟计算机analog speed/draw system 车速和牵引力模拟控制系统analog sensor 模拟传感器analog signal 模拟信号analogy 模拟，类似analysis of variance 方差分析analytical balance 分析天平anatase 锐钛矿anchot bolt 地脚螺丝Anderson moisture expeller Anderson 螺旋挤水机Anderson moisture expeller Anderson barker Andersson 刀式剥皮机anenometer 风速机angiosper 被子植物angiospermous wood 被子树木angle cutting machine 斜切机angle cutting machine steel 角钢angle cutting machine valve 角阀anhydride （酸）酐anhydroglucose 葡萄糖酐anhydrous 无水的anhydrous alcohol 无水酒精anhydro-xylan unit 无水多缩木糖aniline 苯胺aniline color 苯胺染料aniline dye 苯胺染料aniline printing 苯胺染色animal glue 动物胶animal glue size 动物胶anion 阴离子anion exchange 阴离子交换anion exchange resin 阴离了交换树脂anion exchanger 阴离子交换剂anionic 阴离子的anionic compound 阴离子化合物anionic starch 阴离子淀粉annealing temperature 退火温度annual growth 一年生annual growth layer 年轮（层）annual growth plant 一年生植物annual growth ring 年轮annual growth zone 年轮区annular 环形的；轮壮的；有环纹的annular vessel 环纹导管annuli 环壮体anode 阳极anode protection 阳极保护anode ray 阳极射线anthraquinone 蒽醌anti-acid 耐酸的anti-acidblocking agent 防粘附剂；防阻塞剂antichlor 脱氯剂anticorrosion 耐腐蚀anticorrosion paint 耐蚀漆anti-crawl agent 防滑动剂anti-crawl agentdefiection 抗挠anti-crawl agentdeflection press roll 中固（抗挠）压榨辊anti-crawl agentdefiection roll 抗挠辊anti-crawl agentdetonator 抗爆剂anti-crawl agentflocculant 防絮凝剂anti-crawl agentflocculation 防絮凝作用anti-crawl agentfoam 消泡anti-crawl agentfoam oil 消泡油anti-crawl agentfoaming agent 消泡剂anti-crawl agentfoggant 防翳的；防翳剂anti-crawl agentfogging compound 防腐剂；防污剂anti-crawl agentfriction bearing 抗磨轴承anti-crawl agentfroth oil 消沫油anti-crawl agentknock agent 抗爆剂anti-crawl agentoxidant 抗氧剂；防老化剂anti-crawl agentpollution sequence（漂白车间）污染防治流程antique bristol 仿光泽纸antique bristol finish 仿古整饰antique bristol laid bond 仿证券纸antique bristol woven 仿光泽布纹纸anti-rust 防锈anti-rustrusting paint 防锈漆anti-rustskid 防滑动anti-rustskid coating 防滑涂布anti-rustskid treatment 防滑动处理antiseptic 防腐antiseptic agent 防腐剂antiseptics 防腐剂anti-static agent 抗静电剂anti-static agenttarnish agent 防锈剂aperture 孔；筛孔；网孔apex 顶端apical zone 顶生区Apmew(centrifugal)screen （阿牟）离心式圆筛，A型圆筛apparatus 仪器；装置apparent density 表观密度apparent density specific gravity 表观比重apparent density specific volume 表观体积apparent density viscosity 表观粘度apparent density weight 表观重量appearance 外观appendage 附属部分；附件appendix 附录application valve 控制阀applicator 上涂装置；施胶装置applicator roll 涂料辊；施胶辊applying felt 专用毛毯approach flow(of stock) 浆料上网approach flow(of stock) folw system （纸机上）流浆系统aoproach flow(of stock) (onto wire) 放料上网apron board 下唇板，裙板apron board (cloth) 唇布，裙布apron board conveyor 带式干燥机aquapel(size）聚烷基烯酮胶料（商业名称）；乙烯酮二聚物胶料aquapulper 水力碎浆机aqueous 含水的，液态的；水成的aqueous emulsion 水乳液aqueous lignin 水木素aqueous phase 液相aqueous solution 水溶液araban 聚阿拉伯糖，多阿拉伯糖arabic gum 阿拉伯胶arabinose 阿拉伯糖，阿戊糖Arathene 高密度聚乙稀合成纸（商业名称，比利时UCB产品）arbor-vitae(Thuja occidentalissL.) 香柏，美国侧柏，金钟柏are foil 弧形案板，弧形脱水板arch dryer 拱状热风干燥室，拱式烘房arching 搭桥Arcu formq Arcu 夹网成形装置area of bars 打浆面积areal(dried)wejight 定量argilla 泥土，铝氧土arithmetic and logic unit 算数与逻辑装置arithmetic mean 算术平均arithmetic mean mean temperature 算术平均平均温度arithmetic mean unit 运算器armature winding 电枢绕线aromatic 芳香族的，芳烃的aromatic acid 芳酸aromatic alcohol 芳醇aromatic compound 芳香族化合物aromatic group 芳烃基arrester 制动片，制动机构arresting device 制动机构Arrhenius equation Arrhenius 方程式，阿雷尼厄斯方程式arrow root starch 木薯淀粉art cover 装饰面板art cover (regetable)parchment 美术（植物）羊皮纸artificial aging 人工老化artificial aging cotton 人造棉artificial aging dyestuff 合成染料artificial aging fiber 人造纤维artificial aging grindstone 人造磨石artificial aging leather 人造革artificial aging parchment 仿羊皮纸artificial aging pulpstone 人造磨石artificial aging regeneration 人工再生artificial aging resin 合成树脂artificial aging silk 人造成丝artificial aging stone 人造磨石artificial aging stone roll 人造石辊asbestine 滑石棉asbestos 石棉asbestos felt 石棉毛毯asbestos fiber 石棉纤维asbestos packing 石棉垫asbestos roll 石棉辊asbestos roofing felt 屋顶石棉毡asbestos rope 石棉绳asbestos sheet 石棉板asbestos wall 石棉壁板（纸）asbestos washer 石棉垫圈asbestos waterproof(ing)felt 防水石棉毡ascending chromatography 上行色谱（分离）法ash(Fraxinus) 灰分；炉灰ash content 灰分含量ash content dissolving tank 黑灰溶解槽ash content free 无灰的ash content hopper （锅炉）灰斗ash content tester 灰分试验器Ashcroft tester Ashcroft 耐破度试验仪Ashcroft tester Ashcroft thickness gage Ashcroft 厚度计ashless 含灰分较少的；无灰的aspect ratio 纵横比（值）aspen(Populus) 杨属aspen(Populus tremula L.) 欧洲山杨asphalt 沥青asphalt coating 沥青涂布asphalt emulsion 沥青乳胶asphalt felt 沥青油毛毡asphalt laminator 沥青层压机asphalt roofing 油毡线asphalt saturated felt 沥青纸，油毡纸asphalt size 沥青胶料asphaltum 沥青aspirated pit (pair) 闭塞纹孔（对）aspitation 抽气aspirator 抽气机Asplund defibrator Asplund 单动纤维分离机Asplund defibrator Asplund digester Asplund 卧式连续蒸煮器assay 鉴定；分析assay procedure 分析程序assembly 机组；成套设备；联动装置；基团，组assimulation 同化（作用）assistant superintendent 车间副主任Astrom barker Astrom 链式剥皮机Astrom barker Astrom barking machine Astrom 链式剥皮机asynchronous motor 异步电机asymmetry 不对称（现象）at maximum temperature 保温atmospheric conditions 大气状态atmospheric conditions humidity 大气湿度atmospheric conditions pressure 大气压力atomic bond 原子键atomization 雾化atomized suspension technique ＡＳＴ法，（亚硫酸盐废液）雾化回收法atomizer 喷雾器；雾化器attachment 附件attapulgate 无水硅酸铝矿石attenuant 稀释剂；衰减器attenuation 衰减作用attrition mill 磨碎机；磨浆机auger method (for sampling pulp) （纸浆取样）钴取法Austrian pine(Pinus nigra Ahr.) 南欧黑松autoclave 高压釜，高压锅auto cut-out 自动断路（器）automatic control 自动控制automatic control electric feed 电控自动装料automatic control feed 自动进料，自动喂料automatic control felt guide 毛毯自动校正器automatic control felt stretcher 毛毯自动张紧器automatic control flashing apparatus 自动闪蒸设备automatic control fraction collector 自动分选机automatic control guide(roll) 自动导辊automatic control knife grinde 自动磨刀机automatic control line 自动线automatic control logging 自动记录automatic control operation 自动操作automatic control pick-up 自动递纸装置，自动引纸装置automatic control plant 自动化工厂；自动化车间automatic control pressure controller 压力自动控制器automatic control pressure vent 自动排气阀automatic control production 自动化生产automatic control proportioning and metering device 自动配浆箱automatic control regulating box 自动调节箱automatic control tegulating device 自动调节装置automatic control regulator 自动调节器automatic control set-up box machine 自动制盒机automatic control sheet counting device 自动数纸装置automatic control sheetfeeder 自动续纸器automatic control sheet handling machine 自动码纸机automatic control sorter 自动选纸机automatic control stoker 自动加煤器automatic control stuff box 自动调节箱automatic control temperature controller 温度自动控制器automatic control tip time service 自动定时转换automatic control valve 自动阀automatic control wire guide (roll) 自动校网器，自动校网辊automatically feed 自动进料的，自动喂料的automation 自动化automobile storage bag 汽车轮胎包装用纸袋auto-oxidation 自动氧化auto-panel 自动控制批示板autc-slice 真空刮刀auto tire wrap 汽车轮胎包装用纸autumn wood 晚材，秋材auxiljaries 辅助装置auxiliary air 补给空气，二次风auxiliary air caustization 辅助苛化auxiliary air causticizer 辅助苛化器auxiliary air equipment 辅助装置auxiliary air screen 辅助筛auxiliary air separator 辅助分离器auxiliary air sizing agent 辅助施胶剂auxiliary air strainer 辅助滤带；辅助筛浆机available alkali 有效碱available alkali capacity 有效容量available alkali chlorine 有效氯available alkali crosssection 有效截面average fiber length 纤维平均长度average fiber lengthincrement 平均增量average fiber length moisture(of pulp bales) 成捆浆板平均水分含量average fiber length pressure 平均压力average fiber length temperature 平均温度average fiber length velocity 平均速度avometer 安伏欧计，万能（电）表，三用电表axial 轴向axial bond 主键；轴键axial flow pump 轴流泵axis 轴Aylesford refiner （实验室用）Aylesford盘磨机（英国制）azo compounds 偶氮化合物azo compounds dye(stuff) 偶氮染料absorbing board 吸收纸板accordion board 手风琴纸板acoustic(al) board 隔音纸板advertisement board 广告招贴用纸板air-dried board 风干纸板album board 相册纸板alkaline-proof soap box board 肥皂包装用抗碱纸板ammunition board 弹筒纸板antique board 仿古纸板anti-tarnish board 防锈纸板art board 铜版纸板artist board 绘画纸板artist's illustration board 绘画纸板asbestos board 石棉纸板asbestos asbestos board 石棉洋灰板asphalt board 沥青纸板，防潮纸板automobile board 汽车用纸板auto(mobiole) panel board 汽车仪表盘纸板abrasive coater 砂纸涂布机air brush coater 气刷涂布机air blade coater 气刀涂布机air doctor coater 气刀涂布机air knife coater 气刀涂布机arch bed brush coater 刷式拱形涂布机asphalt coater 沥青涂布机acid cooking 酸法蒸煮alkaline cooking 碱法蒸煮actic acid 乳酸actic acid method （纸板施胶度）abrasive paper 砂纸abrasive base paper 砂纸原纸absorbent paper 吸水纸absorbing paper 吸水纸；吸收纸account book paper 帐簿纸accunting machine paper 计算机用纸acid free paper 无酸纸acid proof paper 耐酸纸acid resistant paper 耐酸纸acoustic paper 隔音纸actinometer paper 溴化银印相纸active paper 吸湿纸adding machine paper 计算机纸address label paper 地址标签纸adhesive paper 胶粘纸advertising paper 广告纸，招贴纸agate paper 仿大理石纸agate marble paper 仿大理石纸age resistant paper 耐老化纸air paper 航空信纸air dried paper 风干纸。
印刷术语英语翻译
【凹版印刷术语英语翻译】暗调部分 shaded area凹凸印 embossing 用凹凸两块印版，把印刷品压印出浮雕状图像的加工。
扒圆 rounding 圆脊精装书在上书壳前，先把书芯背部处理成圆弧形的工序。
包本 covering 在书芯上裹封皮。
包封皮机 book covering machine 对书芯籍背脊自动上胶并粘贴封皮的机器。
包角 corner-wrapping 以某种材料包裹书壳的四角。
背面涂层 back coating表面整饰 decorativefinishing 在书籍封皮或其他印刷品上进行上光、覆膜、擦金、烫箔、压凹凸或其他装饰加工的总称。
部件托板 equipment carrier擦金 bronzing 以一定的浆料印好字迹或图案，趁其未干敷上金黄色金属粉末任其粘附后，把多余的粉末擦刷去，呈露金色的文字或图案。
插页 insert 书刊中插入不成帖的零页。
磁盘分配表 disk allocation table(DAT)打排孔 perforating 在单据、票证或其他零件印刷的印件上打一排小孔，以便于撕下。
订口 gutter 书页装订部位的一侧，从版边到书背的白连。
订书机 book stitcher,stitching machine 把书帖或散页装订成册的机器统称，可分锁线订书机、骑马订书机、铁丝平订机等。
堵头布 head band 贴在精装书芯背脊天头与地脚两端的特制物。
分期出版，分期发表 appear in installments分切 slitting 把宽度大的卷材或卷状产品进行纵向裁剖成所需宽度的分卷。
封皮 cover 书刊的外层，包括封面、封底及书背。
复合包装材料 multi-layer-packaging material 把纸张、塑料薄膜或金属箔等两种或两种以上材料复合在一起，以适应各种用途要求的包装材料。
光亮镀铜 glazed skin coppering 在电解液中加入有机添加剂使镀成的铜层具有光泽的特殊镀铜工艺。
纸业专业英语词汇翻译(V)
纸业专业英语词汇翻译(V)纸业专业英语词汇翻译(V)vapor phase inhibitor paper 气象防锈纸variegated paper 花岗石纹纸，杂色纸varnish paper 涂饰纸varnish label paper 涂洋漆标签纸varnished label paper 涂洋漆标签纸varnished paper 涂洋漆纸，浸渍绝缘纸varnished wall paper 防水壁纸varnishing paper 涂饰纸vat paper 手抄纸，圆网织机抄制的纸张vegetable parchment(paper) 植物羊皮纸，硫酸纸vegetable parchment(paper) for fisheries 渔业用羊皮纸vegetable parchment(paper) for crad wrapping 包蟹用羊皮纸vegetable parchment(paper) for food wrapping 食品包装用羊皮纸veined paper 花纹纸vellum paper 证件纸vellum drawing paper 仿羊皮图画纸velour paper 丝绒纸verdol paper 纺织机械用提花金属箔纸vitrified paper 窗户纸voting paper 选票纸vpi paper 气象防透纸vulcanized paper 钢纸valcanizing paper 钢纸vapor proof paper 抗蒸汽浸渍纸vulcanized cardboard 硫化硬纸板vulcanized fibre 钢纸，硬化钢纸vulcanized paper 钢纸，硬化纸vellun binding 羊（犊）皮纸velvet paper 软绵纸vat-lined board 圆网纸机制纸板制纸板vat-made paper board 圆网纸机制纸机vellum board 证件用纸板viser board 帽舌纸板，遮光纸板vulcanized fiber board 钢纸板vertical roll coater 竖辊式涂布机vapor phase inhibitor paper 汽相防锈纸vapor proof paper 抗蒸汽浸渍纸variegated paper 花网石纹纸；杂色纸varnish paper 涂饰纸varnish label paper 涂洋漆标签纸varnished paper 涂洋漆纸，浸渍绝缘纸varnished label paper 涂洋漆标签纸varnishing paper 涂饰纸vat paper 手抄纸；圆网纸机抄制的纸张vegetable parchment (paper) 植物羊皮纸vegetable parchment (paper) for fisheries 渔业用羊皮纸vegetable parchment (paper) for crab wrapping 包蟹用羊皮纸vegetable parchment (paper) for food wrapping 食品包装用羊皮纸veined paper 花纹纸vellum paper 证件纸vellum drawing paper 防羊皮图画纸velour paper 丝绒纸verdol paper （纺织机械用）提花金属箔纸vitrified paper 窗户纸voting paper 选票纸vpi paper 气相防锈纸vulcanized paper 钢纸vulcanizing paper 钢纸va-purge process 变压法蒸煮verifax process 复写法的一种vapor phase pulping 汽相蒸煮virgin pulp 新浆viscose pulp 粘胶丝浆vacuum saveall 真空白水回收机vacuum drum type saveall 真空白水回收机vegetable tissue 薄羊皮纸vacply surface treatment vacply表面处理用真空装置vacufoil 真空脱水板，真空案板vacuum 真空；真空度vacuum board machine 真空纸板机vacuum box 吸水箱，真空箱vacuum cleaner 真空吸尘器；真空除尘机vacuum continuous filter 连续式真空过滤机vacuum couch 真空伏辊vacuum decker 真空浓缩机vacuum deposition 真空沉降vacuum dryer 真空干燥室vacuum drying 真空干燥vacuum evaporator 真空蒸发器vacuum filter 真空过滤vacuum forming 真空成形vacuum forming machine 真空抄片机vacuum rorming mo(u)ld 真空网笼vacuum headbox 真空流浆箱vacuum metallizing 金属贴面真空法vacuum packaging 真空包装vacuum pick-up 真空领纸装置vacuum pump 真空泵vacuum roll 真空辊vacuum trafer 真空领纸装置vacuum trap 真空聚集槽vacuum type thickener 真空圆网浓缩机vacuum valve 真空阀vacuum washer 真空洗浆机，真空洗涤机valley beater （实验室用）valley打浆机valley-niagara beater （实验室用）valley-niagara打浆机valley size test valley施胶度测定valley size tester valley施胶度测定仪valve 阀（门）；电子管，真空管valve bag 自封袋valve base 阀座valve seat 阀座valveless filter 无阀真空过滤机valveless washer 无阀真空洗浆机，短管真空洗耳恭听浆机van 风扇vanceometer 光泽度仪vane 叶轮vane pump 叶轮泵vane rotor 叶片转子vanillate 香草酸盐vanillic acid 香草酸vanillin 香草醛vanillin derivative 香草醛衍生物vanillone 香草酮vanilloyl 香草酰vanillyl alcohol 香草醇vapometer cup 水蒸汽渗透性能测定仪vapo(u)r （水）蒸汽vapor barrier 蒸汽屏障vapor barrler cores 抗潮纸芯vapor compression evaporation 蒸汽压缩蒸发vapor economizer 节热器vapor head 分离室vapor lift pump 蒸汽泵vapor phase inhibitor 汽相抑制剂vapor pressure 蒸汽压vapor proof 抗蒸汽的vapor removal roll 热风辊vaporization 汽化（作用）vaporized sulfur 气化硫磺vaporizer 汽化器vargo beater vargo(圆筒式）高浓压力打浆机variable crown roll 可控中高辊variable shaft 变速轴variable speed drive 变速传动variables 参数；变数variability 可变性variance 变度，变更vari-bow curved roll （可调节）弧形辊var-nip press 双辊挤浆机varnish （清）漆varnish film 涂饰层varnish remover 除漆剂varnishability 上漆性能varnishing 上漆vascular bundle 维管束vascular ray 维管射线vascular tissue 维管组织vascular tracheid 维管状管胞vat 槽；浆槽vat color 瓮染料vat dye (stuff) 瓮染料，还原染料vat level recorder 网槽液面记录仪vat lined 圆网抄制的（纸板）vat machine 圆网造纸机，圆网纸板机vatman 捞纸工vatman's shake 手工抄纸振动vatman's section 圆网部vatman's sizing 槽法放胶v-belt drive 槽带传动，三角皮带传动vegetable bag yarn 蔬菜包装袋用纸绳vegetable cell 植物细胞vegetable crate liner 蔬菜包装袋表面用纸vegetable fiber 植物纤维vegetable gum 植物胶vegetable jelly 植物胶vegetable parchment 植物羊皮纸vegetable parchment for fisheries 渔用植物羊皮纸vegetable wool 植物纤维vegetable wrapper 蔬菜包装纸vehicle 载色剂；载体vein 木纹；纹理velin 仿犊皮vellum 仿犊皮纸，厚书写纸vellum finish 绒面装饰velocity of approach 流送速度veneer 胶合板，三合板；封皮纸；木纹装饰薄板veneer waste 三合板废料，胶合板废料vent 通风口；排气口vent gas 排出气体venta-nip press 沟纹压榨ventilation 通风；排气ventilating duct 通风口ventilation 通风；排气ventilator 通风机venting 放空；排空venturi absorber 文丘里吸收器venturi nozzle scrubber 文丘里净气器venturi scrubber 文丘里洗涤器venturi tube 文丘里管veratric acid 藜芦酸veratraldehyde 藜芦醛veratone 藜芦酮vernier 游标vea-nip calender 可控中高双辊压光机vertex 顶点，峰顶vertreal centrifugal screen 立式离心筛vertreal digester 立式蒸煮锅vertreal flow press 垂流式挤压机vertreal former 立式成形器vertreal forming machine 立式夹网造成纸机vertreal oscillating circular saw 竖式摆动圆锯vertreal resin canal 纵抽树脂道vertreal roll reel 立式卷纸机vertreal screen 立式筛（浆机）vertreal slice 竖式堰板vertreal splitter 立式劈木机vertreal tube evaporator 立管蒸发器vertifiner 水平式磨浆机verti-former 竖式造纸机；立网式造纸机verti-screen 立式筛浆机vessel 导管vessel element 导管分子vessel forming traccheid 导管状管胞vessel member 导管分子vest pocket calculator 袖珍计算器vestured pit 筛状纹孔vetiver 岩兰草vetivert 岩兰草精vetivert rotary screen 振动回转筛vibra-screw bin 振动螺旋卸料木片仓vibrating chip screen 振动式木片筛vibrating feeder 振动式喂料器vibrating knotter 振动式除节机vibrating saw 振动锯vibrating screen 振动筛vibration 振动vibration test 振动试验vibrator 振动器vibratory chip screen 木片振动筛vibromotor screen 振动筛vibromotor strainer 振动筛vicesimo quarte 24开vickery felt conditioner vickery毛毯洗涤器vickery blue 蓝色酸性染料video display 视频显示video-scanner 视频扫描villedon m 聚酰胺合成纸（西德waldorf aschaffenburg产品，商业名称）vinyl acetate 醋酸乙烯酯vinyl cellulose 乙烯纤维素vinyl chloride 氯化乙烯vinyl compound 乙烯化合物vinyl fiber 乙烯纤维vinyl resin 乙烯树脂vinylidene chloride 偏二氯（化）乙烯vinylidene chloride resin 偏二氯乙烯树脂violamine r 紫胺r，二红光酸性紫virgin stand 幼树virgin stock 原浆vrigin timber 鲜材visco-elasticity 粘弹性viscoid 粘胶可塑体；粘丝体viscometer 粘度计viscometric determination 粘度测定viscometric method 粘度法viscose 粘性的；粘胶丝viscose flow 粘性流动viscose rayon 粘胶法人造丝，粘胶丝viscosimeter 粘度计viscosity 粘度viscosity control agent 粘度控制剂viscosity index 粘度指数viscosity theory 粘度学说visual efficiency 视觉效率vitreous 玻璃状的；透明的vitrification 玻璃化vitrified bonding agent 烧结粘合剂vitrified enamel 搪瓷vitrified pulpstone 烧结磨石，陶瓷磨石vitrfied tightener 上釉砖vitriol 硫酸盐；矾；硫酸void 空隙，孔隙；孔率；无效的void detector 孔洞检测器void fraction 空隙组分void ratio 空隙比率void volume 孔隙体积voith beater 伏特式打浆机volatile acid 挥发性酸volatile solvent 挥发性溶剂volatility 挥发性volatilization 挥发（作用）volt 伏特volt meter 伏特计，电压表volume deity 体积密度volume increment 材积增量；容积增量volume production 容积产量volume ratio 容积比；材积比volume shrinkage 体积收缩volume table 材积表volume weight 容重volumetric analysis 容量分析volumetric capacity 容量volumetric composition 容积组成volumetric flask 容量瓶volumetric stack 拔气筒volumetric weight 容重volumetric yield 容积得率volute pump 螺旋泵vomit pipe 放料管，排清管，喷放管vorject vorject锥形除渣器vortrap vortrap涡旋分离器；涡旋除渣器vorvac (separator) 旋涡分离器；涡旋除气器v.r.roll 热风辊宝岛优品—倾心为你打造精品文档vulcanization 硫化；硬化vulcanized fiber 钢纸；青壳纸vulcanized fiber tube 钢纸管vulcanized paper tube 钢纸管vulcanizing 硫化，硬化、钢化vulcanizing bath 硬化槽，硫化槽vulcaniaing machine 胶化机voc volatile organic compound 挥发性有机化合物的缩略语valmet 维美德公司的缩写（著名造纸机械生产商）voith sulzer 福伊特苏尔寿公司的缩写（造纸机械生产商）纸业专业英语词汇翻译(V) 相关内容:纸业专业英语词汇翻译(X-Z)纸业专业英语词汇翻译(W2)纸业专业英语词汇翻译(W1)纸业专业英语词汇翻译(U)纸业专业英语词汇翻译(T3)纸业专业英语词汇翻译(T2)纸业专业英语词汇翻译(T1)纸业专业英语词汇翻译(S7)查看更多>> 新闻传媒英语词汇宝岛优品—倾心为你打造精品文档。
纸业专业英语词汇翻译（V）
纸业专业英语词汇翻译(V)vapor phase inhibitor paper 气象防锈纸variegated paper 花岗石纹纸，杂色纸varnish paper 涂饰纸varnish label paper 涂洋漆标签纸varnished label paper 涂洋漆标签纸varnished paper 涂洋漆纸，浸渍绝缘纸varnished wall paper 防水壁纸varnishing paper 涂饰纸vat paper 手抄纸，圆网织机抄制的纸张vegetable parchment(paper) 植物羊皮纸，硫酸纸vegetable parchment(paper) for fisheries 渔业用羊皮纸vegetable parchment(paper) for crad wrapping 包蟹用羊皮纸vegetable parchment(paper) for food wrapping 食品包装用羊皮纸veined paper 花纹纸vellum paper 证件纸vellum drawing paper 仿羊皮图画纸velour paper 丝绒纸verdol paper 纺织机械用提花金属箔纸vitrified paper 窗户纸voting paper 选票纸vpi paper 气象防透纸vulcanized paper 钢纸valcanizing paper 钢纸vapor proof paper 抗蒸汽浸渍纸vulcanized cardboard 硫化硬纸板vulcanized fibre 钢纸，硬化钢纸vulcanized paper 钢纸，硬化纸vellun binding 羊（犊）皮纸velvet paper 软绵纸vat-lined board 圆网纸机制纸板制纸板vat-made paper board 圆网纸机制纸机vellum board 证件用纸板viser board 帽舌纸板，遮光纸板vulcanized fiber board 钢纸板vertical roll coater 竖辊式涂布机vapor phase inhibitor paper 汽相防锈纸vapor proof paper 抗蒸汽浸渍纸variegated paper 花网石纹纸；杂色纸varnish paper 涂饰纸varnish label paper 涂洋漆标签纸varnished paper 涂洋漆纸，浸渍绝缘纸varnished label paper 涂洋漆标签纸varnishing paper 涂饰纸vat paper 手抄纸；圆网纸机抄制的纸张vegetable parchment (paper) 植物羊皮纸vegetable parchment (paper) for fisheries 渔业用羊皮纸vegetable parchment (paper) for crab wrapping 包蟹用羊皮纸vegetable parchment (paper) for food wrapping 食品包装用羊皮纸veined paper 花纹纸vellum paper 证件纸vellum drawing paper 防羊皮图画纸velour paper 丝绒纸verdol paper （纺织机械用）提花金属箔纸vitrified paper 窗户纸voting paper 选票纸vpi paper 气相防锈纸vulcanized paper 钢纸vulcanizing paper 钢纸va-purge process 变压法蒸煮verifax process 复写法的一种vapor phase pulping 汽相蒸煮virgin pulp 新浆viscose pulp 粘胶丝浆vacuum saveall 真空白水回收机vacuum drum type saveall 真空白水回收机vegetable tissue 薄羊皮纸vacply surface treatment vacply表面处理用真空装置vacufoil 真空脱水板，真空案板vacuum 真空；真空度vacuum board machine 真空纸板机vacuum box 吸水箱，真空箱vacuum cleaner 真空吸尘器；真空除尘机vacuum continuous filter 连续式真空过滤机vacuum couch 真空伏辊vacuum decker 真空浓缩机vacuum deposition 真空沉降vacuum dryer 真空干燥室vacuum drying 真空干燥vacuum evaporator 真空蒸发器vacuum filter 真空过滤vacuum forming 真空成形vacuum forming machine 真空抄片机vacuum rorming mo(u)ld 真空网笼vacuum headbox 真空流浆箱vacuum metallizing 金属贴面真空法vacuum packaging 真空包装vacuum pick-up 真空领纸装置vacuum pump 真空泵vacuum roll 真空辊vacuum transfer 真空领纸装置vacuum trap 真空聚集槽vacuum type thickener 真空圆网浓缩机vacuum valve 真空阀vacuum washer 真空洗浆机，真空洗涤机valley beater （实验室用）valley打浆机valley-niagara beater （实验室用）valley-niagara打浆机valley size test valley施胶度测定valley size tester valley施胶度测定仪valve 阀（门）；电子管，真空管valve bag 自封袋valve base 阀座valve seat 阀座valveless filter 无阀真空过滤机valveless washer 无阀真空洗浆机，短管真空洗耳恭听浆机van 风扇vanceometer 光泽度仪vane 叶轮vane pump 叶轮泵vane rotor 叶片转子vanillate 香草酸盐vanillic acid 香草酸vanillin 香草醛vanillin derivative 香草醛衍生物vanillone 香草酮vanilloyl 香草酰vanillyl alcohol 香草醇vapometer cup 水蒸汽渗透性能测定仪vapo(u)r （水）蒸汽vapor barrier 蒸汽屏障vapor barrler cores 抗潮纸芯vapor compression evaporation 蒸汽压缩蒸发vapor economizer 节热器vapor head 分离室vapor lift pump 蒸汽泵vapor phase inhibitor 汽相抑制剂vapor pressure 蒸汽压vapor proof 抗蒸汽的vapor removal roll 热风辊vaporization 汽化（作用）vaporized sulfur 气化硫磺vaporizer 汽化器vargo beater vargo(圆筒式）高浓压力打浆机variable crown roll 可控中高辊variable shaft 变速轴variable speed drive 变速传动variables 参数；变数variability 可变性variance 变度，变更vari-bow curved roll （可调节）弧形辊var-nip press 双辊挤浆机varnish （清）漆varnish film 涂饰层varnish remover 除漆剂varnishability 上漆性能varnishing 上漆vascular bundle 维管束vascular ray 维管射线vascular tissue 维管组织vascular tracheid 维管状管胞vat 槽；浆槽vat color 瓮染料vat dye (stuff) 瓮染料，还原染料vat level recorder 网槽液面记录仪vat lined 圆网抄制的（纸板）vat machine 圆网造纸机，圆网纸板机vatman 捞纸工vatman's shake 手工抄纸振动vatman's section 圆网部vatman's sizing 槽法放胶v-belt drive 槽带传动，三角皮带传动vegetable bag yarn 蔬菜包装袋用纸绳vegetable cell 植物细胞vegetable crate liner 蔬菜包装袋表面用纸vegetable fiber 植物纤维vegetable gum 植物胶vegetable jelly 植物胶vegetable parchment 植物羊皮纸vegetable parchment for fisheries 渔用植物羊皮纸vegetable wool 植物纤维vegetable wrapper 蔬菜包装纸vehicle 载色剂；载体vein 木纹；纹理velin 仿犊皮vellum 仿犊皮纸，厚书写纸vellum finish 绒面装饰velocity of approach 流送速度veneer 胶合板，三合板；封皮纸；木纹装饰薄板veneer waste 三合板废料，胶合板废料vent 通风口；排气口vent gas 排出气体venta-nip press 沟纹压榨ventilation 通风；排气ventilating duct 通风口ventilation 通风；排气ventilator 通风机venting 放空；排空venturi absorber 文丘里吸收器venturi nozzle scrubber 文丘里净气器venturi scrubber 文丘里洗涤器venturi tube 文丘里管veratric acid 藜芦酸veratraldehyde 藜芦醛veratone 藜芦酮vernier 游标versa-nip calender 可控中高双辊压光机vertex 顶点，峰顶vertreal centrifugal screen 立式离心筛vertreal digester 立式蒸煮锅vertreal flow press 垂流式挤压机vertreal former 立式成形器vertreal forming machine 立式夹网造成纸机vertreal oscillating circular saw 竖式摆动圆锯vertreal resin canal 纵抽树脂道vertreal roll reel 立式卷纸机vertreal screen 立式筛（浆机）vertreal slice 竖式堰板vertreal splitter 立式劈木机vertreal tube evaporator 立管蒸发器vertifiner 水平式磨浆机verti-former 竖式造纸机；立网式造纸机verti-screen 立式筛浆机vessel 导管vessel element 导管分子vessel forming traccheid 导管状管胞vessel member 导管分子vest pocket calculator 袖珍计算器vestured pit 筛状纹孔vetiver 岩兰草vetivert 岩兰草精vetivert rotary screen 振动回转筛vibra-screw bin 振动螺旋卸料木片仓vibrating chip screen 振动式木片筛vibrating feeder 振动式喂料器vibrating knotter 振动式除节机vibrating saw 振动锯vibrating screen 振动筛vibration 振动vibration test 振动试验vibrator 振动器vibratory chip screen 木片振动筛vibromotor screen 振动筛vibromotor strainer 振动筛vicesimo quarte 24开vickery felt conditioner vickery毛毯洗涤器vickery blue 蓝色酸性染料video display 视频显示video-scanner 视频扫描villedon m 聚酰胺合成纸（西德waldorf aschaffenburg产品，商业名称）vinyl acetate 醋酸乙烯酯vinyl cellulose 乙烯纤维素vinyl chloride 氯化乙烯vinyl compound 乙烯化合物vinyl fiber 乙烯纤维vinyl resin 乙烯树脂vinylidene chloride 偏二氯（化）乙烯vinylidene chloride resin 偏二氯乙烯树脂violamine r 紫胺r，二红光酸性紫virgin stand 幼树virgin stock 原浆vrigin timber 鲜材visco-elasticity 粘弹性viscoid 粘胶可塑体；粘丝体viscometer 粘度计viscometric determination 粘度测定viscometric method 粘度法viscose 粘性的；粘胶丝viscose flow 粘性流动viscose rayon 粘胶法人造丝，粘胶丝viscosimeter 粘度计viscosity 粘度viscosity control agent 粘度控制剂viscosity index 粘度指数viscosity theory 粘度学说visual efficiency 视觉效率vitreous 玻璃状的；透明的vitrification 玻璃化vitrified bonding agent 烧结粘合剂vitrified enamel 搪瓷vitrified pulpstone 烧结磨石，陶瓷磨石vitrfied tightener 上釉砖vitriol 硫酸盐；矾；硫酸void 空隙，孔隙；孔率；无效的void detector 孔洞检测器void fraction 空隙组分void ratio 空隙比率void volume 孔隙体积voith beater 伏特式打浆机volatile acid 挥发性酸volatile solvent 挥发性溶剂volatility 挥发性volatilization 挥发（作用）volt 伏特volt meter 伏特计，电压表volume density 体积密度volume increment 材积增量；容积增量volume production 容积产量volume ratio 容积比；材积比volume shrinkage 体积收缩volume table 材积表volume weight 容重volumetric analysis 容量分析volumetric capacity 容量volumetric composition 容积组成volumetric flask 容量瓶volumetric stack 拔气筒volumetric weight 容重volumetric yield 容积得率volute pump 螺旋泵vomit pipe 放料管，排清管，喷放管vorject vorject锥形除渣器vortrap vortrap涡旋分离器；涡旋除渣器vorvac (separator) 旋涡分离器；涡旋除气器v.r.roll 热风辊vulcanization 硫化；硬化vulcanized fiber 钢纸；青壳纸vulcanized fiber tube 钢纸管vulcanized paper tube 钢纸管vulcanizing 硫化，硬化、钢化vulcanizing bath 硬化槽，硫化槽vulcaniaing machine 胶化机voc volatile organic compound 挥发性有机化合物的缩略语valmet 维美德公司的缩写（著名造纸机械生产商）voith sulzer 福伊特苏尔寿公司的缩写（造纸机械生产商）。
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电气信息工程学院毕业设计（论文）英文翻译文章名称：无功功率补偿技术专业：电气工程及其自动化姓名：王威班级学号：08-4-22指导教师：田吉文章来源：二○一二年四月十五日一般要求的变电站建设变电站(所)在电源系统的工业企业是一个至关重要的因素。
他们接收,转换和发送电能。
根据能源和需求,变电站分为中央配电变电站电压为110-500kV；主要降压变电所电压为110-220/6-10-35kV；深入口变电站为110-330/6-10Kv；二次变电站的电压为6-10Kv；车间变电所电压为6-10/0.38-0.66kV。
在主要的降压变电所,电源能量转化电压为110-220kV，通常使用6-10Kv(有时为35kV变电所)的电压分配给企业和被用来满足高压服务。
中央配电变电站从电力系统接收能量并分发它(不包括或者包括部分变换) 给企业不同区域，通过空中电缆和地下电缆线路电压为110-220kV。
中央分配变电站站不同于主配电变电它是一个更强大的电力设施,它的电压大部分在110-220kV的电压。
它可以简化初级电压、中级电压或地区的开关电路。
中低级别变电站改造能量来自6-10kv的电压,它的二次侧电压为380/220或660/380。
升压变压器变电站用于将电厂产生的能量转化使发电机产生的电压升高,从而有效地减少在远距离输电能量的损失转换器变电站的目的是为了将直流转换成交流(有时相反)和转换成能量时改变频率。
转换器变电站的能量转换是用半导体整流器来变频的。
带半导体整流器的转化器变电站是最经济的。
6-10kV的配电变电站主要依据主配电变电站(有时依据中央配电变电站)。
110-220kV变电站系统区域的划分时，根据变电站设备功能划分时是有学问的，6-10kV的变电站设备划分在变电站的入口。
根据变电站变的位置，电站设备在可以露天或室内。
6-10kV变电站的在电缆的类型主要是供给输出线。
在35-220kV变电站空中线路样式,在变电站架线和接线,主要注重供电生产的可靠和经济。
用工业的方式建设变电站，是使用大量的数块和在电气工程组织和工厂电气工程等行业的车间的位置进行组装。
变电站通常是专为不连续操作的责任人员所设计,但用的是基本的自动设备和信号装置。
当建立变电站结构的一部分,应当采用薄型建造结构以及由弯段组成的组件(板材、地板等)。
这些元件是预先安装区外面建造区域并且只是在这个位置组装。
这样可以有效的削减变电所建造成本。
变电站基本电路概念设计的选择,是根据企业的供电系统特点得到的。
变电站电压特性主要入口，变压器和输出电缆线路导线或当前导体的二次电压.变电站安装的设备和元件，设备和元件的若干种可能的组合是非常好的。
当阐述了变电站的电路时争取切换装置最大的简化和数目的最小化。
这样的变电站更可靠、经济。
电路简化是采用自动接入或自动转入储备的方法,允许快速和无错误的自动接入每一个元件和使用设备。
当设计工业企业全电压变电站时,下面的基本因素都要考虑在内。
1.优先使用采用两编组的单总线系统可以确保可靠的和经济的供应电力。
2.配套建设和变电站广泛使用。
3.变电站使用自动化并且支持遥测技术;如果变电站的设计并不支持使用自动化或遥测、线路安而且不允许添加设备，确保以后没有过度投资和返工。
4.使用简单、便宜的装置，有绝缘装置的断路器、短路开关、过载保护隔离器、保险丝,预期到他们的交换容量可考虑大幅度削减昂贵的器件需要和临界油、真空、螺线管和空气开关电路使用。
变电站和开关电路,采用这样的设备的每个生产线服从个体变压器、装配、允许他们同时的断开而不破坏断开连接的生产流程的机制的线条。
变电站的线路的意义,最重要的一点是要妥善安排与选择转换器件(开关、隔离者、电流限制器等、避雷器、高低压熔断器),这决定了变电站的目的、功能和意义。
很多年以前，科学家们对电仍只有很模糊的概念。
他们之中不少人认为电是一种“流体”，这种流体就像水流经管道一样流过导线。
但他们并不了解是什么东西使电流动。
他们之中的许多人觉得电是有某种极小的微粒构成的，但试图把电分离成单个的小颗粒他们却束手无策。
此后，以为伟大的美国科学家密利坎于1909年，真正地称出了单个的电粒子的重量并算出它的电荷而使科学界震惊不已。
这可能是人类做过的最细致的计量工作之一，因为一个单个的电粒子的重量仅为一磅的百万分之一，百万分之一的一半左右的重量。
要合成一磅重需要的电粒子数将要比大西洋的全部水的水滴数还要多。
这些电粒子，他们对我们并不陌生，因为我们知道他们就是电子。
当大量电子摆脱原子跑出来并通过导线运动时，我们把这种现象说成是电通过导线“流动”。
是的，早先的科学家所说的电的“流体”只不过是沿着导线流动的电子。
那么，如何能使一些单个的电子摆脱原子的束缚而跑出来呢？而且，又怎样能使这些自由电子沿导线运动呢？第一个问题的答案就在于原子本身的结构上。
某些原子的结构使他们很容易失去电子。
例如，一个铜原子在正常情况下有29个电子，它们排列在核子周围的4个不同的轨道上。
最里层的轨道上有2个电子。
第二层较大的轨道上有8个电子。
第三层轨道上挤满18个电子。
而外层轨道上只有一个电子。
正是这个外层电子，铜原子不断丢掉它，因为这个电子受原子的约束不那么紧。
它忽而游离而去，并被另一游离的电子所替代，然后，这后一个电子也游离而去。
结果，在铜导线中自由电子在铜原子之间向四面八方漂浮。
所以，尽管对你们的普通的肉眼来说，铜导线看来是完全不动的，但在它内部却不断地进行着大量的活动。
如果导线把电输送到一盏电灯或者另外某个电气设备那里，这些电子就不会杂乱无章地到处跑来跑去，而是它们中的许多电子将会向一个方向奔去-从导线的一端奔向另一端。
这就把我们引向第二个问题，如何才能使自由电子沿导线运动呢？好啦，人们已经找到几种方法来做到这一点。
一种就是化学方法。
伏特电堆，或者叫电池，就是能使电流在导线中流动的一种化学装置。
另一种方法就是电磁法。
法拉第和亨利发现了怎样能把磁铁用来使电在导线中流动的办法。
磁铁几乎每个人都见过马蹄形磁铁-之所以这样叫他是因为他们的形状做成马蹄形的。
可能你们都用磁铁做过试验，并且看到它是怎样吸起按钉，小钉子或者其他一些小铁件的。
人们了解磁铁已经几千年了。
据传说，几千年前有个名叫麦格尼斯的牧羊人住在地中海的克里特岛上。
他有一根牧羊人用的带铁头的棍杖。
一天，他发现一块奇形怪状的黑石头黏在铁头上。
后来，当又发现许多这种石头时，人们就叫它们为磁铁。
这些就是天然磁铁。
近年来，人们已经掌握怎样使用铁来制成磁铁。
尤其重要的是，人们发现了如何使用磁铁推动电子通过导线-也就是怎样使电流动。
在我们讨论这点之前，磁铁有某些特性我们应当了解。
如果把一块玻璃放在马蹄形磁铁的端部，然后把一些铁粉末撒在玻璃上，那么铁粉自己就会排成许多线。
如果用一根棒做的话，就更容易看出这些铁粉排成的线条了。
这些实验演示了科学家们所谓的磁力线。
他们解释说。
磁铁通过磁铁两端之间延伸出来的磁力线起作用。
但是，在电子周围似乎也有磁力线。
把一根导线穿过一块硬纸板，在纸板上撒上铁粉，并把电池与导线连通在一起，这点就可以得到证明。
由于运动的电子的磁性的结果，铁粉就会绕导线周围形成一些圆环。
因此，我们可以看到，在运动者的电子和磁性之间有一种关系。
磁性就是由电子的运动引起的。
当然，电子并不是在磁棒里真的“流动”，但它们却是在运动，在绕铁原子核做旋转运动。
然而，在磁铁中，原子都排列的使它们的电子都向同一方向旋转。
也许可打一个恰当的比喻，就像许多小孩在他们头顶上以顺时针方向甩动系在线上的小球一样。
——变电站综合自动化技术发展趋势General Requirements to Construction of Substation Substations are a vital element in a power supply system of industrial enterprises．They serve to receive ，convert and distribute electric energy .Depending on power and purpose ,the substations are divided into central distribution substations for a voltage of 110-500kV;main step-down substations for110-220/6-10-35kV;deep entrance substations for 110-330/6-10Kv;distribution substations for 6-10Kv;shop transformer substations for 6-10/0.38-0.66kV.At the main step-down substations, the energy received from the power source is transformed from 110-220kV usually to 6-10kV(sometimes 35kV) which is distributed among substations of the enterprise and is fed to high-voltage services.Central distribution substations receive energy from power systems and distribute it (without or with partial transformation) via aerial and cable lines of deep entrances at a voltage of 110-220kV over the enterprise territory .Central distribution substation differs from the main distribution substation in a higher power and in that bulk of its power is at a voltage of 110-220kV;it features simplified switching circuits at primary voltage; it is fed from the power to an individual object or region .Low-and medium-power shop substations transform energy from 6-10kV to a secondary voltage of 380/220 or 660/380.Step-up transformer substations are used at power plants for transformation of energy produced by the generators to a higher voltage which decreases losses at a long-distance transmission .Converter substations are intended to convert AC to DC (sometimes vice versa) and to convert energy of one frequency to another .Converter substations with semiconductor rectifiers are convert energy of one frequency to another .Converter substations with semiconductor rectifiers are most economic. Distribution substations for 6-10kV are fed primarily from main distribution substations (sometimes from central distribution substations).With a system of dividing substations for 110-220kV, the functions of a switch-gear are accomplished by switch-gears for 6-10kV at deep entrance substations.Depending on location of substations their switch-gear may be outdoor or indoor. The feed and output lines at 6-10kV substations are mainly of the cable type .at 35-220kV substations of the aerial type .When erecting and wiring the substations ,major attention is given to reliable and economic power supply of a givenproduction.Substations are erected by industrial methods with the use of large blocks and assemblies prepared at the site shops of electric engineering organizations and factories of electrical engineering industry .Substations are usually designed for operation without continuous attendance of the duty personnel but with the use of elementary automatic and signaling devices.When constructing the structural part of a substation .it is advisable to use light-weight industrial structures and elements (panels ,floors ,etc.) made of bent sections .These elements are pre-made outside the erection zone and are only assembled at site .This considerably cuts the terms and cost of construction.Basic circuitry concepts of substations are chosen when designing a powersupply system of the enterprise .Substations feature primary voltage entrances .transformers and output cable lines or current conductors of secondary voltage .Substations are mounted from equipment and elements described below .The number of possible combinations of equipment and elements is very great .Whenelaborating a substation circuitry ,it is necessary to strive for maximum simplification and minimizing the number of switching devices .Such substations are more reliable and economic .Circuitry is simplified by using automatic reclosure or automatic change over to reserve facility which allows rapid and faultless redundancy of individual elements and using equipment.When designing transformer substations of industrial enterprises for all voltages , the following basic considerations are taken into account:1. Preferable employment of a single-bus system with using two-bus systems only to ensure a reliable and economic power supply;2. Wide use of unitized constructions and busless substations;3.Substantiated employment of automatics and telemetry ;if the substation design does not envisage the use of automatics or telemetry ,the circuitry is so arranged as to allow for adding such equipment in future without excessive investments and re-work.e of simple and cheap devices-isolating switches ,short-circuiting switches ,load-breaking isolators ,fuses ,with due regard for their switching capacity may drastically cut the need for expensive and critical oil ,vacuum ,solenoid and air switches .Substation and switch-gear circuitries are so made that using the equipment of each production line is fed from individual transformers ,assemblies ,the lines to allow their disconnection simultaneously with mechanisms without disruptingoperation of adjacent production flows.When elaborating circuitry of a substation, the most vital task is to properly choose and arrange switching devices(switches ,isolators ,current limiters ,arresters ,high-voltage fuses).The decision depends on the purpose ,power and significance of the substation.Many years ago, scientists had very vague ideas about electricity. Many of them thought of it as a sort of fluid that flowed through wires as water flows through pipes, but they could not understand what made it flow. Many of them felt that electricity was made up of tiny particles of some kind ,but trying to separate electricity into individual particles baffled them.Then, the great American scientist Millikan, in 1909,astounded the scientific world by actually weighing a single particle of electricity and calculating its electric charge. This was probably one of the most delicate weighing jobs ever done by man,for a single electric particle weighs only about half of a millionth of a pound. To make up a pound it would take more of those particles than there are drops of water in the Atlantic Ocean.They are no strangers to us, these electric particles, for we know them as electrons. When large numbers of electrons break away from their atoms and move through a wire,we describe this action by saying that electricity is flowing through the wire.Yes,the electrical fluid that early scientists talked about is nothing more than electrical flowing along a wire.But how can individual electrons be made to break away from atoms? And how can these free electrons be made to along a wire? The answer to the first question lies in the structure of the atoms themselves. Some atoms are so constructed that they lose electrons easily. An atom of copper, for example ,is continually losing an electron, regaining it(or another electron),and losing it again. A copper atom normally has 29 electrons, arranged in four different orbits about its nucleus. The inside orbit has 2 electrons. The next larger orbit has 8.The third orbit is packed with 18 electrons . And the outside orbit has only one electron.It is this outside electron that the copper atom is continually losing, for it is not very closely tied to the atom. It wanders off, is replaced by another free-roving electron, and then this second electron also wanders away.Consequently,in a copper wire free electrons are floating around in all directions among the copper atoms.Thus, even through the copper wire looks quite motionless toyour ordinary eye, there is a great deal of activity going on inside it. If the wire were carrying electricity to an electric light or to some other electrical device, the electrons would not be moving around at random. Instead, many of them would be rushing in the same direction-from one end of the wire to the other.This brings us to the second question .How can free electrons be made to move along a wire? Well ,men have found several ways to do that .One way is chemical. V olta,s voltaic pile,or battery, is a chemical device that makes electricity(or electrons)flow in wires. Another way is magnetic. Faraday and Henry discovered how magnets could be used to make electricity flow in a wire.MagnetsAlmost everyone has seen horseshoe magnets-so called because they are shaped like horseshoes. Probably you have experimented with a magnet, and noticed how it will pick up tacks and nails, or other small iron objects. Men have known about magnets for thousands of years.Several thousand years ago, according to legend, a shepherd named Magnes lived on the island of Crete, in the Mediterranean Sea .He had a shepherds crook tipped with iron. One day he found an oddly shaped black stone that stuck to this iron ter, when many other such stones were found, they were called magnets(after Magnets).These were natural magnets.In recent times men have learned how to make magnets out of iron. More important still, they have discovered how to use magnets to push electrons through wires-that is, how to make electricity flow. Before we discuss this, there arecertain characteristics of magnets that we should know about.If a piece of glass is laid on top of a horse- shoes magnet, and if iron filings are then sprink ledon the glass, the filings will arrange themselves into lines. If this same thing is trid with a bar magnet(a horseshoe magnet straightened out),the lines can be seen more easily. These experiments demonstrate what scientists call magnetic lines of force. Magnets, they explain, work through lines of force that ext- end between the two ends of the magnet. But electrons seem to have magnetic lines of force around them, too.This can be proved by sticking a wire through a piece ofcard board, sprinkling iron filings on the cardboard, and connecting a battery to the wire. The filings will tend to form rings around the wire,as a result of the magnetism of the moving electrons(or electricity).So we can see that there is arelationship between moving electrons and magnetism, Magnetism results from the movement of electrons.Of course, electrons are not really flowing in the bar magnet, but they are in motion, circling the nuclei of the iron atoms. However, in the magnet, circling thelined up in such a way that their electrons are circling in the same direction. Perhaps a good comparison might be a great number of boys whirling balls onstrings in a clockwise direction around their heads.——The Trend Of Integrated Substation Automation Technology Development。