2019~2020学年高中英语必修二Unit3 Computers 训练卷(二)解析版

2019-2020学年高一上学期训练卷
必修二 Unit3 Computers
英 语 （二）
（本卷满分100分）
一、阅读理解（每小题2分，共16分）
A
Who is smarter? A human being or artificial intelligence(人工智能)?
The question swept the world when a Google-developed program called AlphaGo defeated the world top player, South Korean Lee Se-del, 4-1.
So, what comes next?
Some people have been arguing that artificial intelligence, or AI in short, will be a bad thing for humans. In an interview with the BBC in 2014, UK scientist Stephen Hawking warned that “the development o f full artificial intelligence could mean the end of the human race.”
So are we really about to live in the world shown in the Terminator movies? “Not quite ,” answered The Economist . After all, it’s not hard to get a computer program to remember and produce facts. What is hard is getting computers to use their knowledge in everyday situations.
“We think that , for the human being, things like sight and balance(视觉平衡), are natural and ordinary in our life.” Thomas Edison ，founder of Motion Figures, a company that is bringing AI to boys, told the newspaper. “But for a robot , to walk up and down just like human beings requires various decisions to be made every second, and it’s really difficult to do.”
As The Economist put it, “We have a long way to go before AI c an truly begin to be similar to the human brain, even though the technology can be great.” Meanwhile, John Markoff of The New York Times said that researchers should build artificial intelligence to make people more effective.
“Our fate is in our own hands,” he wrote. “Since technology depends on the values of its creators, we can make human choices that use technology to improve the world.”
1. What was the result of the match?
A. Lee Se-del won AlphaGo 4-1.
B. Lee Se-del was defeated.
C. Google program beat AlphaGo.
D. Neither side won the match.
2. What does Thomas Edison possibly mean in his remarks? A. It’s very hard for AI to beat the human brain. B. AI would take the place of human beings. C. AI can make various decisions quickly. D. AI does better than humans in sight and balance.
3. Who believes much has to be done to improve AI? A. Stephen Hawking. B. John Markoff. C. The New York Times .
D. The Economist .
4. What does the underlined part in the last paragraph imply? A. AI will improve the world completely. B. AI is in the control of human beings. C. AI may bring disasters to human beings. D. AI will make our future out of control. 【答案】1-4 BADB
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能阿尔法狗击败了韩国棋手李世石，这引发了人们对于人工智能是否会超越人类的讨论。

1. 细节理解题。

根据第二段中“...when a Google developed progra m called AlphaGo defeated the world top player, South Korean Lee Se-del, 4-1’ ”. 可知，李世石被人工智能阿尔法狗击败，故B 项正确。

2. 推理判断题。

根据第六段中的“But for a robot, to walk up and down just like
此卷只
装订不
密
封
班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
human beings requires various decisions to be made every second, and it’s really diffi cult to do. ”可知，Thomas Edison认为机器人像人类那样来回走动都需要每秒做出大量决定。

由此可知，他认为人工智能很难打败人类，故A项正确。

3. 细节理解题。

根据倒数第三段中的“As The Economist put it, ‘We have a long way to go before AI can truly begin to be similar to the human brain, even though the technology can be great.’ ”可知，《经济学人》杂志认为在人工智能真正开始与人类大脑相似之前，我们还有很长的路要走，也就是要改进人工智能还有很多工作要做，故D项正确。

4. 词句猜测题。

画线句的字面意思是：我们的命运掌握在自己手中，根据画线句后的“Since technology depends on the values of its creators, we can make human choices that use technology to improve the world. ”可知，由于技术依赖于其创造者的价值观，我们可以通过人类的选择来利用技术让世界变得更好。

由此可知，画线句的意思是说人工智能在人类的控制之下，故B项正确。

B
As life in cities worldwide becomes more expensive, urban designers are using modern technology to help citizens avoid traffic jams, and shorten the time needed for bus waiting and other things. Technology is also used to cut costly waste.
In Santander, a Spanish port city, parking is easy to find. As one car drives away, an underground sensor shows that a parking space is now free. 400 sensors send messages to signs on streets, and GPS devices direct drivers to the nearest available parking spaces, reducing traffic jams. Trash is collected only when the bins are full and bus stop signs show exactly when the next bus is coming. The public parks are watered only the soil gets dry. All this is made possible by 20,000 sensors installed on buildings, street posts and even buses. They are part of the “smart city” project, launched by the University of Cantabria seven years ago.
University researchers like Luis Munoz regularly meet with locals to discuss how to make their city even smarter. “They propose when they have ideas and sometimes even develop by themselves. Here, we give them the opportunity to see these ideas happen in real life,” said Munoz. For example, the university helped a woman create an app that outlines the easiest route for walking with a baby stroller. Another provides information to residents about their water consumption and sends an alarm to their phone if there is a leak.
The Santander smart project is attracting the attention of larger cities in Europe and elsewhere that are looking for smart solutions to urban problems.
5. What is the life like in Santander?
A. It is meaningful.
B. It is full of freedom.
C. It is likely to change fast.
D. It is effective and convenient.
6. How can residen ts help Munoz’s job?
A. By offering some original or fresh ideas.
B. By showing him around the city.
C. By installing sensors themselves.
D. By using as little water as possible.
7. What does the underlined word “Another” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. A university.
B. A phone.
C. An easy route.
D. An app.
8. What can be the best title for the text?
A. A Worldwide Problem
B. A Smart City Project
C. A Creative Researcher
D. A Trend in Urban Design
【答案】6-8 DADB
【解析】这是一篇说明文。

本文主要讲述了智慧城市展示了科技给人们生活带来的便利。

5. 推理判断题。

根据文章第二段第一、二句“In Santander, a Spanish port city, parking is easy to find. As one car drives away, an underground sensor shows that a parking space is now free.”可知，在桑坦德，停车场非常容易找到，一辆车离开，地
下的传感器会显示现在有空余车位。

由此推断出在桑坦德的生活是非常高效和方便的。

故D项正确。

6. 细节理解题。

根据文章第三段第二句“They propose when they have ideas and sometimes even develop by themselves.”可知，居民能够提供原创或新鲜的想法。

故正确答案为A。

7. 词义猜测题。

根据文章第三段倒数第二句“For example, the university helped
a woman create an app that outlines the easiest route for walking with a baby stroller.”可知，这所大学帮助一位女士创建了一个应用程序，该应用程序概述了使用婴儿前行的最简单路线。

结合空格所在句的句意，另一个则向居民提供关于他们的用水量的信息，并且如果存在泄漏，则向他们的手机发送警报。

可以推断出“Another”指的是另一个app。

故D项正确。

8. 主旨大意题。

文章主要介绍了智能城市的建立。

根据文章第二段最后一句“They are part of the ‘smart city’ project, launched by the University of Cantabria seven years ago.” 和文章最后一段“The Santander smart project is attracting the attention of larger cities in Europe and elsewhere that are looking for smart solutions to urban problems.”可知，文章旨在介绍智能城市项目。

故B项正确。

二、七选五（每小题2分，共10分）
There have been a lot of comments recently surrounding 5G, the next generation of wireless technology. 9. ? How might it change our lives?
5G stands for fifth generation, meaning the next step in the progression of technology to replace the current 4G system. Earlier “G” systems were designed to improve mob ile communication operations. Each new technology brought major improvements in speed and greatly increased network capacity (容量). 10. . It is expected to permit more users to do more things at a faster rate.
However, technology experts say there is a major way that 5G is different from the earlier systems. 11. . It will affect many more devices and industries than other “G” versions.
5G will help fuel future “smart cities” by connecting sensor networks. 5G is also expected to connect self-driving cars and support new technologies involving virtual reality(虚拟现实). Higher 5G speeds could also permit doctors to commonly perform remote medical operations. Factories and businesses could use 5G technology to increase automation and improve the collection of information.
12. . The increased data flow across 5G networks would give Internet attackers
a lot more possibilities to steal and misuse data. In addition, the wider use of a 5G wireless network means any breakdown of the system would have more widespread and severe results. Such difficulties could affect public safety. 13. , or a network breakdown could cause self-driving vehicles to crash.
A. Why is 5G so popular
B. What is this technology
C. Every coin has two sides
D. The new 5G system promises more of the same
E. It will move beyond mobile network technology
F. A breakdown of 5G networks may cause economic losses
G. A failure during a doctor’s remote operation could lead to death
【答案】9. B 10. D 11. E 12. C 13. G
【解析】本文属于说明文，介绍5G技术以及其优点，同时也存在的安全风险。

9. 分析文章结构可知，本文属于总分结构，文章主要就第一段的两个问题展开来写，根据第二段“5G stands for fifth generation, meaning the next step in the progression of technology to replace the current 4G system.”可知，第一个问题是关于5G概念，故选B。

10. 根据前一句“Each new technology brought major improvements in spe ed and greatly increased network capacity (容量).可知，每一项新的通信技术都会带来速度提升，容量扩大。

D选项，而5G在此基础上会带来更多的东西，本句中的“of the same”
与前一句呼应，切题，故选D。

11. 根据后一句“It will affect many more devices and industries than other “G” versions.”可知，与其他的四代通信产业相比，5G会影响更多的设备和产业。

E选项，它的影响超过移动网络技术切题，在句中起递进说明作用，故选E。

12. 根据后文“The increased data flow across 5G networks would give Internet attackers a lot more possibilities to steal and misuse data.”可知，本段主要讲述5G技术可能存在的风险，故选C。

13 根据后一句“or a network breakdown could cause self-driving vehicles to crash.”可知，网络故障可能会导致自动驾驶汽车出车祸，讲述5G技术对公共安全可能造成的不利作用。

G选项，远程手术的失败可能造成病人死亡。

本句是对前一句的具体阐述，切题，故选G。

三、完形填空（每小题1.5分，共30分）
Crowdsourcing is an interesting new application of the saying “Many hands make light work”. In the same way that classmates might work14 on a task, now dozens, hundreds or thousands of people can collaborate(合作) on projects that would be too ___15 or complex for a small group of co-workers. At the same time, crowdsourcing follows the old 16 that two heads are better than one. When many people collaborate, they not only work faster, but they also work better, by 17 their intelligence and experience.
Perhaps one of the most 18 examples of crowdsourcing is Wikipedia —an online encyclopedia(百科全书) that is 19 , edited and managed by people all over the world. The writers are volunteers who 20 their work for free. And 21__ them, Wikipedia now offers more than 4 million free articles in English, and millions more in almost 300 other 22 . That’s an amazing achievement for a proje ct that ___23 started in 2001.
Traditional institutions, such as London’s Tate Museum, have also 24__ Crowdsourcing for projects. In 2010, the museum 25 the Tate Movie Project website, where children learned how 26 are made. The children also wrote stories, drew their own characters and 27 them to the website. After that, professionals worked with the children to 28 a collaborative film which was later shown on BBC television.
Finally, crowdsourcing can also be a way for people and companies to make ___29 . Some businesses organize crowdsourcing websites to get suggestions for new products, services or advertising campaigns. They may also offer 30 for the best ideas. 31 , the Goldcorp mining company offered a prize for a list of good locations for discovering gold. The 32 list won $676, 000 and the company 33__ $3 billion dollars of gold.
14. A. late B. together C. well D. again
15. A. similar B. personal C. large D. necessary
16. A. saying B. tradition C. style D. story
17. A. increasing B. predicting C. influencing D. combining
18. A. absurd B. famous C. expensive D. dangerous
19. A. bought B. printed C. written D. inspired
20. A. discuss B. offer C. check D. gain
21. A. thanks to B. except for C. as to D. regardless of
22. A. places B. reports C. teams D. languages
23. A. seldom B. ever C. only D. even
24. A. traded B. changed C. mistaken D. used
25. A. started B. sold C. consulted D. ignored
26. A. cakes B. shoes C. cars D. films
27. A. owed B. sent C. compared D. accompanied
28. A. watch B. share C. make D. play
29. A. friends B. promises C. peace D. money
30. A. help B. prizes C. room D. lessons
31. A. For example B. In short C. However D. Otherwise
32. A. shortest B. usual C. best D. formal
33. A. found B. lost C. delivered D. returned
【答案】14-18 BCADB19-23 CBADC24-28 DADBC29-33 DBACA 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。

本文以“科学与技术”为主题，详细介绍了一种基于互联网的新的协作方式——众包。

14. 考查副词词义辨析。

A. late晚；B. together一起；C. well好地；D. again再、又。

由“In the same way”和“collaborate on projects”可知，此处表示就像同学们一起完成一项任务一样，故选择B项。

15. 考查形容词词义辨析。

A. similar相似的；B. personal私人的；C. large大的；
D. necessary必要的。

根据句意可知，数十人、数百人或数千人可以合作完成的项目对于一小群同事来说太大或太复杂了。

此处的“large”是相对空后的“a small group”而言，故选择C项。

16. 考查名词词义辨析。

A. saying谚语；B. tradition传统；C. style风格；D. story 故事。

根据语境可知，“two heads are better than one”(三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮)是个古老的“谚语(saying)”。

故选择A项。

17. 考查动词词义辨析。

A. increasing增加；B. predicting预测；C. influencing 影响；D. combining融合。

结合语境可知，许多人合作时，由于“融合（combining）”了大家的智慧和经验，所以活儿会干得又快又好。

故选择D项。

18. 考查形容词词义辨析。

A. absurd荒谬的；B. famous有名的；C. expensive 贵重的；D. dangerous危险的。

根据常识和下文的“an amazing achievement”可知，Wikipedia是最“著名的(famous)”众包例子之一。

故选择B项。

19. 考查动词词义辨析。

A. bought购买；B. printed打印；C. written书写；D. inspired激励。

根据常识可知，Wikipedia是由世界各地的人们编写、编辑和管理的在线百科全书。

故选择C项。

20. 考查动词词义辨析。

A. discuss讨论；B. offer提供；C. check检查；D. gain 获得。

句意：这些作者是志愿者，他们免费提供自己的劳动。

根据句意可知，B项符合句意。

21. 考查词组辨析。

A. thanks to多亏；B. except for除了；C. as to至于；D. regardless of不理。

根据前文可知，此处表示“多亏( thanks to)”了这些人，维基百科才能提供免费的文章。

故选择A项。

22. 考查名词词义辨析。

A. places地方；B. reports报告；C. teams团队；D. languages语言。

由上文中的“in English”可知，除了英语外，维基百科还提供近300种别的“语言( languages)”写的文章，故选择D项。

23. 考查副词词义辨析。

A. seldom很少；B. ever曾经；C. only仅仅；D. even 甚至。

根据语境可知，对于一个2001年才开始的项目来说，这是一个惊人的成就。

故选择C项。

24. 考查动词词义辨析。

A. traded交易；B. changed改变；C. mistaken弄错；
D. used使用。

由下文例子可知，传统的机构也“采用(used)”众包的方式来做项目。

故选择D项。

25. 考查动词词义辨析。

A. started开始；B. sold卖；C. consulted咨询；D. ignored 不理。

由语境可知，这个博物馆在2010年“创办了(started)” 一个网站。

故选择A 项。

26. 考查名词词义辨析。

A. cakes蛋糕；B. shoes鞋；C. cars车；D. films电影。

由网站名Tate Movie Project 以及下文中的“wrote stories, drew their own characters”和“a collaborative film”可知，这是一个教孩子们如何制作“电影(film)”的网站。

故选择D项。

27. 考查动词词义辨析。

A. owed拥有；B. sent发送；C. compared比较；D. accompanied陪伴。

根据语境可知，孩子们把他们的故事和画的人物“发送到(sent)”这个网站。

故选择B项。

28. 考查动词词义辨析。

A. watch观看；B. share分享；C. make制作；D. play 播放。

由“professionals worked with the children”和“later shown on BBC television”可知，专业人士和孩子们一起“制作(make)” 了一部电影，这部电影后来还在电视上
播出了。

故选择C项。

29. 考查名词词义辨析。

A. friends朋友；B. promises保证；C. peace和平；D. money金钱。

由文章最后一句可知，众包还是一种让个人和公司赚钱的方式。

故选D项。

30. 考查名词词义辨析。

A. help帮助；B. prizes奖品；C. room房间；D. lessons 课程。

由下文的“offered a prize”可知，一些公司会给最好的建议提供“奖金(prizes)”。

故选择B项。

31. 考查副词辨析。

A. For example例如；B. In short简而言之；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则。

根据上下文可知，加拿大黄金矿业公司(Goldcorp mining company)为一份发现黄金的好地点清单提供奖金。

可见此处是对上文的举例。

故选择A项。

32. 考查形容词词义辨析。

A. shortest最短的；B. usual通常的；C. best最好的；
D. formal正式的。

由上文的“best ideas”可知，此处指“最好的(the best)”清单赢得了676, 000美元。

故选择C项。

33. 考查动词词义辨析。

A. found发现；B. lost丢失；C. delivered传送；D. returned 返回。

由“Goldcorp mining company”和“a list of good locations for discovering gold”可知，这个采矿公司“找到了( found)”价值30亿美元的黄金。

故选择A项。

四、单句语法填空（每小题2分，共24分）
34. Human beings have made great progress in space ________ (explore) and medicine. 【答案】exploration
【解析】考查名词。

句意：人类已经在太空探索和医学方面取得了巨大的进步。

根据空后的“medicine”可知，此处应用名词与“medicine”并列。

故填exploration，表示“探索”，符合句意。

35. This entertainment centre allows you________ (download) any program.
【答案】to download
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：这个娱乐中心允许你下载任何程序。

表示“允许某人做某事”，要用allow sb. to do sth.结构，故填to download。

36. The increase in agricultural output should be due to ________ (technology) progress. 【答案】technological
【解析】考查形容词。

句意：农业增产应该归功于技术进步。

此处修饰名词“progress”，应用该词的形容词形式，故填technological，表示“技术的”。

37. I know you have tried your best, but we should face ________ (real).
【答案】reality
【解析】考查名词。

句意：我知道你已经尽力了，但我们应该面对现实。

短语face reality “面对现实”，用名词形式，故填reality。

38. ________ (work) out regularly will bring great benefits to your health.
【答案】Working
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：有规律地锻炼对你的健康有很大的好处。

分析句子结构可知，空处应用-ing形式作主语，表示习惯性、经常性的动作。

故填working。

39. Now they can go to school ________ the Help of the Project Hope.
【答案】with
【解析】考查介词。

句意：在希望工程的帮助下现在他们能够去上学了。

短语with the help of...意思是“在……的帮助下”。

故填with。

40. But later, people developed a way of printing, ________ (use) rocks.
【答案】using
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：但是后来，人们利用石块发展了印刷方法。

根据句子的结构来判断，“people”与“use”之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处要用动词-ing形式作方式状语，故填using。

41. I knew then how powerful the machine was, but I hadn’t yet experienced it ________ (personal).
【答案】personally
【解析】考查副词。

句意：当时我虽然知道这台机器威力强大，但我还没有亲身
体验过。

分析句子结构可知，该空修饰“experienced”，因此用其副词的形式personally。

42. Actually, speaking a foreign language as ________ (fluent) as a foreigner takes a lot of hard work and practice.
【答案】fluently
【解析】考查副词。

句意：事实上像外国人一样流利地讲一门外语需要很多的辛勤努力和实践。

根据“as...as...”结构可知，此处应用副词修饰动词，故填fluently。

43. China is a country with a large population, ________ makes up about a quarter of the world’s.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句连接词。

句意：中国是一个人口众多的国家，其人口约占世界人口的四分之一。

分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰“population”，并在从句中作主语，故填which。

44. Actually, he hit upon the ________ (solve) to the problem almost by accident.
【答案】solution
【解析】考查固定搭配。

句意：实际上，他几乎是偶然想到这个问题的解决办法的。

固定短语solution to the problem“问题的解决方案”，故填solution。

45. The telephone ________ (operate) cut us off before we could finish our conversation. 【答案】operator
【解析】考查名词。

句意：我们还没来得及讲完话，电话接线员就把我们的电话切断了。

根据后文的“cut off”可知本空应为“电话接线员”，故填operator。

五、单句改错（每小题2分，共20分）
46. The two continents were connected with a sea at one time.
_______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】with→ by
47. The Great Wall and the Palace Museum are so well-known tourist attractions that millions of people pour in every year.
_______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】so→ such
48. He feels happy that the problem has solved successfully at last.
_______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】在has后加been
49. From then on, we have got to know each other and became good friends.
_______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】删去have
50. He is now looking for a job that he can use the French language.
_______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】that→ where
51. Cheers arise from the crowd when the president appeared.
_______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】arise→arose
52. In the way, the book seems very amusing to me.
_______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】第一个the→ a
53. She felt that most of what she learned in the course was of practical useful.
_______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】useful→ use
54. In a reality we cannot control time, but we can work out plans and make good use of time.
_______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】删去a
55. Jane was nervous about meeting Bingley again, determining not to show her feelings. _______________________________________________________________________
【答案】determining→determined。