高中英语 过去分词的用法全面(共46张ppt)
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eg: The injured bird lay on the ground.
eg: a letter written in blue ink
eg: The boy named Tom is my brother.
注意:
如果被修饰的词是复合不定代词或指示代词 those等时,即使是一个单一的分词作定语也 要放在被修饰的词之后。
Grammar
The Past Participle
Explanation
1.在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。
2. v-ed表示动作已经完成或被动意义 eg: fallen leaves 落叶(已落下的叶子) eg: I heard the door closed.
我听见门被关上了。
3. 否定式:not + v-ed eg: He escaped, not seen by anyone.
eg: The letter posted today will reach you in a week. =
The letter which was posted today will...
(2) 若是vi.的过去分词作定语只表示动作的完 成,不表被动,可改成v.用完成时态的定语 从句。
eg: a retired teacher = a teacher who has retired
eg: surprised/ surprising; encouraged/ encouraging; moved/ moving...
二、作定语 (attribute)
1. 前置定语:单个的v-ed作定语,一般放在 被修饰的n.之前; 后置定语:v-ed短语作定语时,常被放在被 修饰的n.之后,相当于一个定语从句。 eg: an invited guest 一位受到邀请的客人
eg: The cup is broken. 系表结构表状态
The cup was broken by Tom. 被动语态表动作
注意比较:
3. 过去分词v-ed和v-ing作表语的区别:
过去分词v-ed: 表主语(人)所处的心理状态, 个人的感受. “(人)感到...”
现在分词v-ing: 表主语(物或人)所具有的特征. “(物或人)令人...”
eg: a broken cup ; some singing birds
分词作定语与动词不定式作定语的区别是: 现在分词表示主动、进行之意;过去分词表 示被动与完成;而不定式表示在谓语动词表 示的动作之后即将发生的动作。例如:
①The question __________ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday is of quite
注意比较:
3. v-ed形式与其他非谓语动词作定语时区别:
(1)doing作定语------ 主动,动作正在进行 (2)being done作定语------被动,动作正在进行 (3)done作定语------ 被动,动作已完成 (4)to do作定语------ 将来要发生的动作 (5)having done--不- 能作定语,用定语从句代替
importance.
②The question _______d__is__c_u_ s(dsiescduss) at the meeting now is of quite importance.
③The question ______________ (discuss) at the meeting tomorrow is of
eg: There was nobody invited here. I want to find somebody interested in the
case.
2. v-ed作定语与定语从句的互换: (1) 若是vt.的过去分词作定语表示已经完成的 动作,且含有被动意义,可改成v.用被动形 式的定语从句。
Exercise:
1. Prices of daily goods __B__ through a
computer can be lower than store prices.
A. arBaidu Nhomakorabea bought
B. bought
C. been bought
D. buying
能作状语的有不定式、现在分词和过 去分词。作什么样的状语往往取决于 它们的位置和在句中的意义。
experiment. (许多v-ed形式已经被当作adj.使用, 如: excited, disappointed, moved, puzzled,lost等)
2. v-ed作表语时,与系动词一起构成的系表 结构与普通的被动语态在形式上相似。
注意区别:
系表结构中的v-ed表示:主语所处的状态 被动语态中的v-ed表示:一个被动的动作
eg: the fallen leaves= the leaves which have fallen
注意:分词的完成式一般不作定语,若要
表达完成意义常用定语从句。
我们一般不说 The girl having won the race is my friend. 而常说:The girl who has won the race is my friend.
过去分词所充当的成分:
一、作表语 (predicative)
1. 过去分词作表语,表示主语的心理感觉或 所处的状态,其用法相当于adj.,放在系动 词后面。 eg: The door remained locked till 7 o’clock.
eg: I am pleased with the result of the
quite importance. being discussed
to be discussed
注:ing分词作定语有时意义不同:
flying fish 飞鱼 a running dog 走狗 a falling tide 落潮 a crying boy 哭着的孩子
a running machine a swimming pool a waiting room a walking stick a fishing pole a reading room
eg: a letter written in blue ink
eg: The boy named Tom is my brother.
注意:
如果被修饰的词是复合不定代词或指示代词 those等时,即使是一个单一的分词作定语也 要放在被修饰的词之后。
Grammar
The Past Participle
Explanation
1.在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。
2. v-ed表示动作已经完成或被动意义 eg: fallen leaves 落叶(已落下的叶子) eg: I heard the door closed.
我听见门被关上了。
3. 否定式:not + v-ed eg: He escaped, not seen by anyone.
eg: The letter posted today will reach you in a week. =
The letter which was posted today will...
(2) 若是vi.的过去分词作定语只表示动作的完 成,不表被动,可改成v.用完成时态的定语 从句。
eg: a retired teacher = a teacher who has retired
eg: surprised/ surprising; encouraged/ encouraging; moved/ moving...
二、作定语 (attribute)
1. 前置定语:单个的v-ed作定语,一般放在 被修饰的n.之前; 后置定语:v-ed短语作定语时,常被放在被 修饰的n.之后,相当于一个定语从句。 eg: an invited guest 一位受到邀请的客人
eg: The cup is broken. 系表结构表状态
The cup was broken by Tom. 被动语态表动作
注意比较:
3. 过去分词v-ed和v-ing作表语的区别:
过去分词v-ed: 表主语(人)所处的心理状态, 个人的感受. “(人)感到...”
现在分词v-ing: 表主语(物或人)所具有的特征. “(物或人)令人...”
eg: a broken cup ; some singing birds
分词作定语与动词不定式作定语的区别是: 现在分词表示主动、进行之意;过去分词表 示被动与完成;而不定式表示在谓语动词表 示的动作之后即将发生的动作。例如:
①The question __________ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday is of quite
注意比较:
3. v-ed形式与其他非谓语动词作定语时区别:
(1)doing作定语------ 主动,动作正在进行 (2)being done作定语------被动,动作正在进行 (3)done作定语------ 被动,动作已完成 (4)to do作定语------ 将来要发生的动作 (5)having done--不- 能作定语,用定语从句代替
importance.
②The question _______d__is__c_u_ s(dsiescduss) at the meeting now is of quite importance.
③The question ______________ (discuss) at the meeting tomorrow is of
eg: There was nobody invited here. I want to find somebody interested in the
case.
2. v-ed作定语与定语从句的互换: (1) 若是vt.的过去分词作定语表示已经完成的 动作,且含有被动意义,可改成v.用被动形 式的定语从句。
Exercise:
1. Prices of daily goods __B__ through a
computer can be lower than store prices.
A. arBaidu Nhomakorabea bought
B. bought
C. been bought
D. buying
能作状语的有不定式、现在分词和过 去分词。作什么样的状语往往取决于 它们的位置和在句中的意义。
experiment. (许多v-ed形式已经被当作adj.使用, 如: excited, disappointed, moved, puzzled,lost等)
2. v-ed作表语时,与系动词一起构成的系表 结构与普通的被动语态在形式上相似。
注意区别:
系表结构中的v-ed表示:主语所处的状态 被动语态中的v-ed表示:一个被动的动作
eg: the fallen leaves= the leaves which have fallen
注意:分词的完成式一般不作定语,若要
表达完成意义常用定语从句。
我们一般不说 The girl having won the race is my friend. 而常说:The girl who has won the race is my friend.
过去分词所充当的成分:
一、作表语 (predicative)
1. 过去分词作表语,表示主语的心理感觉或 所处的状态,其用法相当于adj.,放在系动 词后面。 eg: The door remained locked till 7 o’clock.
eg: I am pleased with the result of the
quite importance. being discussed
to be discussed
注:ing分词作定语有时意义不同:
flying fish 飞鱼 a running dog 走狗 a falling tide 落潮 a crying boy 哭着的孩子
a running machine a swimming pool a waiting room a walking stick a fishing pole a reading room