句子结构+参考答案
句子结构知识(一)
一、学习目标
1.通过学习英语基本的句子结构，能够帮助你明白纷繁复杂折英语句子到底有什么规律，今后看到
再复杂的句子都可以不发怵，从容地把它们拆开再安装。
2.通过学习句子结构，我们会明白英语其实只是由五个简单句子为基础而构造的一门语言。在此基础上，我们可以随意组成并列句和复合句（也就是用从句来充当主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语而
已）。
3.学为划分句子成分，统一为下列符号：主语、谓语、宾语、（定语）、<宾语补足语>、【状语】。
二、五种简单句
Shefelthappy.
Myfatherisamathteacher.
TheLijiang Riverlooksespeciallybeautifulintheearlymorning.
Pleasekeepsilent.
注：表语通常由形容词、名词充当。
思考一下：连系动词有哪些？大致可分为几类？
8）这故事听起来很有趣。
9）他似乎不高兴。
10）他的愿望是上一个好大学。
4.S+Vt.+O+O(主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)
Heteachesuschemistry.
Pleasetellmeyourphonenumber.
Fatherboughtmeanewbicycle.
Thefarmertaughttheboyhowtoplantatree.
思考一下：你知道哪些动词后面可加两个宾语？
11）爸爸上周给我买了辆自行车。
12）你能把糖递给我吗？
13）妈妈给我做了一件新衣服。
5.S+Vt.+O+C(主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语)
Wemustkeeptheroomclean.
Hewaswatchingtheboysplayingfootball.
Hewatchedtheboysplayfootball.
2.宾语从句IwonderwhatIcandoforyou.
3.表语从句Myadviceisthatyoushouldstudyharder.
4.同位语从句We’veknownthenewsthatourteamwon.
5.定语从句Thisisthemanwhom I’mlookingfor.
6.状语从句Tomisabsentfromschoolbecauseheisill.
Thoughheisold,heruns3kilometreseveryday.
五、巩固练习
（一）指出下列句子画线部分是什么句子成分
1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.①_______②________
2.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.①_______②________
3.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!①_______
4.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.①_______
5.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.①_______②________③_______
6.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?①_______②________③_______
7.Hebecameateacherattheageoftwenty-one.①_______②________
8.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?①_______②________③_______
9.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.①_______②________③_______
10.Wemustkeepitasecret.①_______②________
(二)判断下列句子是简单名、并列句还是复合句。有实力的同学还可以划一下句子成分。
1.WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryonFridayafternoon.
2.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.
3.Thereisatableandsomechairsinthisroom.
4.MybrotherandIgotoschoolathalfpastseveninthemorningandcomebackhomeatsevenintheevening.
1.
3.Bettywon
)
同步翻译：
1)Wemuststudyhard.
2)Myheadoftenaches.
3)Thatfruithasalreadyclosed.
4)Didyouswimyesterday?
5)Doyoulikeapples?
6)Irememberhistelephonenumber.
7)Theteachersaidthatwellbegunishalfdone.
8)Thestorysoundsveryinteresting.
9)Heseemsunhappy.
10)Hiswishistogotoagooduniversity.
11)Myfatherboughtmeabikelastweek./Myfatherboughtabikeformelastweek.
12)Couldyoupassmethesugar?/Couldyoupassthesugartome?
13)Mymothermademeanewcoat./Mymothermadeanewcoatforme.
14)Thesunkeepuswarm.
15)Wefindourschoolverybeautiful.
16)Thenewsmadehimveryunhappy.
巩固练习：
（一）略
（二）分析句子
1、3、4、9简单句
5、7、10并列句
2、6、8复合句
句子结构练习及答案
句子成分练习题 1. 指出下列句中主语的中心词（4分） ①The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ②There is an old man coming here. ③The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ④To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult. 2. 选出句中谓语的中心词（10分） （）①I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall （）②The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer （）③Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C.go D. bus （）④There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon （）⑤Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast （）⑥Tom didn't do his homework yesterday. A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework （）⑦What I want to tell you is this. A. want B. to tell C. you D. is
英语语法、句式、简单句子结构(透彻分析)[精选.]
LESSON ONE 句子的三种模式 导言本课的重点是掌握英语的三种基本句型，注意词性和词序，以及定语的位置,同时注意中英文表达上的相同和不相同的地方。三种基本句型虽然简单，但至关重要。掌握好它们，在今后的学习中有一通百通之效。 ▲主+系动词+表 注：*注意该结构中的名词，它们能被定语修饰。 1 这个人是一个老师。The man is a teacher. 主语系表语主语系表语（名词） 2 他（是）很忙。He is busy. 主语系表语主语系表语（形容词） ▲注意中文中的系动词经常被省略,而英文中绝不能省。
3 她（是）在教室里。She is in the classroom. 主语系表语主语系表语（介词短语） ▲定语只修饰名词，不破坏句子的基本结构。通常 由形容词和介词短语充当，形容词放在所修饰的名 词之前，而介词短语放在所修饰的名词之后，请注 意英语与汉语词序的不同。看懂中文的定语是翻译 好定语的关键。 介词短语 ---英国法学家波洛克 介词短语 Happiness is a station -----------Pollock, British jurist 形容词介词短语 5
形容词介词短语 man is a teacher 介词短语形容词 6.教室里。 形容词介词短语 The teacher is handsome. My book is 表语（介词短语）定语（介词短语） She is
介词短语即可以做表语也可以做定语，虽然它们词性相同，但由于词序不同，它们所起到的作用也不同，当在is的后面是表语,跟在名词的后面它就起到定语的作用。 课堂练习 1 1是 2不是我的。 3．我的家乡hometown 峡谷valley里。 4那个贼 面behind。 1. 是 is 2钱不是我的。
句子结构练习题
Exercises 分析下列句子成分 1. Our school is not far from my home. 2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you 3. All of us considered him honest. 4. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes. 5. He broke a piece of glass. 6. He made it clear that he would leave the city． 7. ---I love you more than her，child． 8. Tees turn green when spring comes. 9. They pushed the door open. 10. Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 11. He wrote carefully some letters to his friends. 12. All the students think highly of his teaching. 13. We need a place twice larger than this one. 14. He asked us to sing an English song. 15. Don't get nervous，help yourself to what you like．will make our school more beautiful. 17. He didn't come．That is why he didn't know．18. She showed us her many of her pictures. 19. The old man lives a lonely life. 20. Luckily the 1989 earthquake did not happen in the center of town. 21. The cars made in Japan are better than those in Germany． 22. There are so many people in the hall that it's hard for me to find him． 23. No matter how difficult the task may be, we must fulfill it this month. 24. Go back where you came from. 25. We must do whatever the people want us to do. 26. At last he got home, tired and hungry. 27. Would you please pass me the cup 28 Mary handed her homework to the teacher. 29. Do you know the latest news about him 30. I’ll get my hair cut tomorrow. 翻译练习： 1.在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。 2.这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生。 3. 1919年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。 4.你们必须在两周内看完这些书。 5.我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。 6.我们大家都相信Jack 是一个诚实男孩。 7.他不知道说什麽好。 8.我的兄弟都是大学生。 9.冬季白天短，夜晚长。 10.十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。 11.孩子们，请保持安静。 12. Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。 13. 奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。 14. Mary把钱包交给校长了。 15他的父母给他取名为John. 16我们大家都认为他是诚实的。 17他们把小偷释放了。 18他请我们参加做游戏。 19卫兵命令我们立即离开。 20明天我要找人来修理机器。
划分句子成分划分英语句子成分经典练习
划分句子成分练习 练习1.分析下列句子成分，在下面标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。 1）Tree s turns green when spring comes. 2）The old man was feeling very tired. 3）His job is to train swimmers. 4）Where he was buried remained unknown. 5）What he said proved true. 6）We must keep quiet. 7）The shop stayed open until eleven. 8）She appeared younger than she really was. 9）His face went red. 10）He fell ill last week. 11）The cake I ate yesterday taste delicious. 从上面我们可以看出，常见的系动词有，_____、_____、______、______、______、_____、_______、________等，它们下面一般跟________词作表语。 练习 2.分析下列句子成分，在下面标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。口译，体会it的替代性用法。 1）It is very plain to me that he is round and tall like a tree. 2）It is a fact that English is being accepted as an
international language. 3）It worried her a bit than her hair was turning grey. 4）The chairman thought it necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting. 5）She made it her duty to look after all the other people’s affaires in that town. 6）I don’t think it possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. 7）He made it known to his friends that he didn’t want to enter politics. 8）I leave it to your own judgment whether you should do it. 从上面我们可以看出，作形式主语和宾语一般用代词______,真正的主语或宾语通常是________或__________，放在下面。 练习 3. 分析下列句子成分，在下面标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。口译，留意定语是什么词性或结构充当，并留意定语的位置。 1）Comrades in her group often help her with grammar. 2）The women on the left are making shirts for the neighbors. 3）The letter on the desk is for Mr. Wu.
第一讲_英语句子结构分析
第一讲 英语句子结构分析 句子的划分 I. 根据结构划分：①简单句 S+V （主+谓） S+V+P(主+谓+表) S+V+O （主+谓+宾） S+V+o+O （主+谓+间宾+直宾） S+V+O+C （主+谓+宾+宾补） ②并列句 and, but, or ③复合句：名词从句（宾，主，表，同） 副词从句（状语从句） 形容词从句（定语从句） II. 根据功能划分： 陈述句 疑问句 （一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问
句，反义疑问句，修辞疑问句） 祈使句 感叹句 III. 根据句子成分：单个词汇 短语 从句 一．陈述句（五种句型） 1.I am a webaholic.我是一个网虫。 Chatting on the internet is interesting. 我喜欢网上聊天。 2.Internet dating hurts.网恋有害。 3.I like chatting online.我喜欢网上聊天。 4.Chatting on the internet brings me a lot of fun.网上聊天给 我带来很多乐趣。 5.We can call internet addicts a webaholic.我们管网上一隐 君子叫网虫。
I. 常用作连系动词： ①变成,变得：become, come, fall, get, go, grow, run, turn 口诀：好是come，坏是go;天气、外貌慢慢grow; 流水、金钱缓缓run;颜色、天气大不同turn；Get\ become口语化，如果要说就用它. 口诀解读： 如：Dreams come true. 梦想成真。 如：It's such a hot day today that this dish has gone smelly. 今天太热了，菜都馊了。 化的静态形容词。 如：I want to grow old with you. 我想和你一起慢慢变老。 如：Still water runs deep.静水深流。
(完整版)英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解
一、英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解： （一）句子成分 1.主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。 主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、分词、主语从句和短语等来担任。 The sun rises in the east.（名词） He likes dancing. （代词） Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. （动名词） To see is to believe. （不定式） What he needs is a book. （主语从句） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语） 找出下列句中的主语： Jane is good at playing the piano.（名词） She went out in a hurry.（代词） Four plus four is eight.（数词） To see is to believe.（不定式） Smoking is bad for health.（动名词） The young should respect the old.（名词化的形容词）What he has said is true. （句子） 2.谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans. 复合谓语：由情态动词或助动词+动词; He can speak English well. She doesn’t seem to like dancing. 找出下列句中的谓语（注：只有动词才可作谓语。）： 1. We love China. 2. We have finished reading this book. 3. He can speak English. 4. She seems tired. 3.表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
句子结构练习及标准答案
句子结构练习及答案
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句子成分练习题 1. 指出下列句中主语的中心词（4分） ①The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ②There is an old man coming here. ③The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ④To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult. 2. 选出句中谓语的中心词（10分） （）①I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall （）②The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer （）③Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C.go D. bus （）④There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon （）⑤Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast （）⑥Tom didn't do his homework yesterday. A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework （）⑦What I want to tell you is this. A. want B. to tell C. you D. is
最新经典英语句子成分分析
句子成分；简单句、并列句和复合句 一、句子成分 （一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。 （二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词） We often speak English in class.（代词） One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式） Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词） The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词） When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句） It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students. （四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如： Our teacher of English is an American.（名词） Is it yours?（代词） The weather has turned cold.（形容词） The speech is exciting.（分词） Three times seven is twenty one?（数词） His job is to teach English.（不定式） His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词） The machine must be out of order.（介词短语） Time is up. The class is over.（副词） The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句） （五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：They went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday.（名词） The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.（代词） How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词） They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词） He pretended not to see me.（不定式短语） I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语） I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句） 宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：They elected him their monitor.
句子成分和句子结构讲解有答案精品
【关键字】英语、情况、条件、会议、计划、主动、继续、健康、持续、保持、需要、方式、作用、结构、分析、衔接、引导、关心、主动性 句子成分 一．主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。 1.请找出下列句子的主语并指出什么（词，短语或句子）可以充当主语。 The sun rises in the east. （名词） He likes dancing. （代词） Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. （动名词） To see is to believe. （不定式） What he needs is a book. （主语从句） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语） 常见错误分析 2：动词及其短语在作句子的主语时，只能使用其to do 或doing 的形式。其中不定式强调具体的某一次的动作，-ing 强调经常发生的动作。 改错：1.play computer games does no good to us. 2.Have a walk in the street is her hobby. 3.Go home at once is his decision 4.Make more friends will do good to us. 5.I’m like computer very much. 6.The story was happening the year before last. 二．宾语： 1．动作的承受者-----动宾 请找出下列句子的宾语并指出什么可以充当宾语。 I like China. （名词） He hates you. （代词） How many do you need? We need two. （数词） I enjoy working with you. （动名词） I hope to see you again. （不定式） Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句） 2．介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾 Are you afraid of the snake/me/fighting? 3．双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物） He gave me a book yesterday. 常见错误分析 1：介词后跟宾语时，必须为：名词、代词、ing 或wh型的连接词引导的从句。 改错：①I am fond of play basketball. ②He’s cra zy about read story books. ③I am sorry for late. ④I felt terribly sad for absent from class. 2：动词及其短语在作句子的主语或宾语时，只能使用其to do 或doing 的形式。其中不定式强调具体的某一次的动作，-ing 强调经常发生的
句子结构与成分练习题(含答案)
外研版英语句子结构与成分练习题(含答案) 一、句子结构与成分 1．The sentence structure of "I met him at the school gate." is " ". A. S+V+O B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+O+A 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：句子"I met him at the school gate."的结构是什么？A.主语+谓语+宾语；B.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；C.主语+宾语+宾语+状语。I是主语；met是谓语；him是宾语；at the school gate是状语，故选C。 【点评】考查句子结构，注意平时识记其分类。 2．What is the sentence pattern（句型）of the sentence"Linda bought a book yesterday."？A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V +IO +DO D. S+V+O+OC 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意："Linda bought a book yesterday."属于哪种句型。A是主谓结构；B 是主谓宾结构；C是主谓+间接宾语+直接宾语；D是主谓+宾语+宾补。Linda是主语（S）；bought是谓语动词（V），a book是宾语（O）；故答案为C。 【点评】考查简单句的基本结构。 3．Gina's books _______ in the room. A. is everywhere B. are everywhere C. is at everywhere D. are at everywhere 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：Gina的书在房间里到处都是。主语是Gina's books，复数，用are，everywhere是一个副词，前面不需要用介词，故选B。 【点评】考查主系表结构。牢记主谓一致，并注意everywhere的用法。 4．He ________ several months every year. A. travels with B. travels in C. travels for D. traveled 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：他每年在外旅游好几个月。由every year可知为一般现在时。简单句，主语+不及物动词，travel，不及物动词，不能直接跟名词作宾语，中间需连接必要的介词，for，主语是he，故用travels，故选C。 【点评】考查主语+不及物动词，注意句子时态。 5．I ________ Beijing five year ago. A. live in B. lived in C. lived on D. has living on 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：五年前我住在北京。根据five year ago可知用一般过去时，简单句，主语+不及物动词，live，不及物动词，住，in，在……地方，故选B。
英语句子基本结构成分类型
英语句子基本结构 英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下： S十V主谓结构 S十V十F主系表结构 S十V十O主谓宾结构 S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构 S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构 说明：S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾 语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；C＝宾 语补足语五个基本句式详细解释如下： 1．S十V句式 在此句式中，V是不及物动词，又叫自动词(vi．)。例如： He runs quickly．他跑得快。 They listened carefully．他们听得很仔细。 He suffered from cold and hunger．他挨冻受饿。 China belongs to the third world country．中国属于第三世界国家。 The gas has given out．煤气用完了。 My ink has run out．我的钢笔水用完了。 2．S十V十P句式 在此句式中，V是系动词(link v．)，常见的系动词有：look，seem，appear，sound，feel，taste，smell，grow，get，fall ill/asleep，stand/sit still，become，turn等。例如： He is older than he looks．他比看上去要老。 He seen interested in the book．他似乎对这本书感兴趣。 The story sounds interesting．这个故事听起来有趣。 The desk feels hard．书桌摸起来很硬。 The cake tastes nice．饼尝起来很香。 The flowers smell sweet and nicc．花闻起来香甜。 You have grown taller than before．你长得比以前高了。 He has suddenly fallen ill．他突然病倒了。 He stood quite still．他静静地站看。 He becomes a teacher when he grew up．他长大后当了教师。 He could never turn traitor to his country．他永远不会背叛他的祖国。 注意：有些动词同时也是及物动词，可构成SVO句式，例如： He looked me up and down．他上下打量我。 He reached his hand to feel the elephant．他伸出手来摸象。 They are tasting the fish．他们在品尝鱼。 They grow rice in their home town．他们在家乡种水稻。 He's got a chair to sit on．他有椅子坐。
第一讲 英语句子结构分析
第一讲英语句子结构分析 教学重点： 1：掌握五种基本句型 2：了解除Be以外的其他四种系动词。 3：了解接TO和FOR的双宾语的动词有哪些。 4：能够区分双宾语和复合宾语得区别。 句子的划分 % I. 根据结构划分：①简单句 S+V（主+谓） S+V+P(主+谓+表) S+V+O（主+谓+宾） S+V+o+O（主+谓+间宾+直宾） S+V+O+C（主+谓+宾+宾补） ②并列句and, but, or ③复合句：名词从句（宾，主，表，同） 副词从句（状语从句） 形容词从句（定语从句） …
II. 根据功能划分：陈述句 疑问句（一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反义疑问句，修辞疑问句） 祈使句 感叹句 III. 根据句子成分：单个词汇 短语 从句 一．陈述句（五种句型） 1.I am a webaholic.我是一个网虫。 ] Chatting on the internet is interesting. 我喜欢网上聊天。 2.Internet dating hurts.网恋有害。 3.I like chatting online.我喜欢网上聊天。 4.Chatting on the internet brings me a lot of fun.网上聊天给 我带来很多乐趣。 5.We can call internet addicts a webaholic.我们管网上一隐君 子叫网虫。
I. 常用作连系动词： ①变成,变得：become, come, fall, get, go, grow, run, turn 口诀：好是come，坏是go;天气、外貌慢慢grow; 流水、金钱缓缓run;颜色、天气大不同turn；Get\ become口语化，如果要说就用它. 口诀解读： ， 如：Dreams come true. 梦想成真。 如：It's such a hot day today that this dish has gone smelly. 今天太热了，菜都馊了。 化的静态形容词。 如：I want to grow old with you. 我想和你一起慢慢变老。
英语句子成分、句子结构讲解及练习
主语（subject ）: 句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east. （名词） He likes dancing. （代词） Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. （动名词） To see is to believe. （不定式） What he needs is a book. （主语从句） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It 形式主语，主语从句是真正主语） 谓语（predicate ）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 We study English. He is asleep. 表语（predicative ）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 He is a teacher. （名词） Seventy-four! You don ’t look it. （代词） Five and five is ten. （数词） He is asleep. （形容词） His father is in. （副词） The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语) My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词） To wear a flower is to say “I ’m poor, I can ’t buy a ring. （不定式） The question is whether they will come. （表语从句） （常见的系动词有: be, sound （听起来）, look （看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell （闻起来）, taste （尝、吃起来）, remain （保持，仍是）, feel （感觉） ... It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange. Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin. The food smells delicious. The food tastes good. The door remains open. Now I feel tired. 宾语： 1）动作的承受者-----动宾 I like China. （名词） He hates you. （代词） How many do you need We need two. （数词） We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. （动名词） I hope to see you again. （不定式） Did you write down what he said （宾语从句） 2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾 Are you afraid of the snake Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3） 双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物） He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money. 宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。 We elected him monitor. （名词） We all think it a pity that she didn ’t come here. （名） We will make them happy. （形容词） We found nobody in. ( 副词 ) Please make yourself at home. （介词短语） Don ’t let him do that. （省to 不定式） His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. （带to 不定式） Don ’t keep the lights burning. （现在分词） I ’ll have my bike repaired. （过去分词） 主补：对主语的补充。 He was elected monitor. She was found singing in the next room. He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson. 定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。 Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.（名词） He is our friend. （代词） We belong to the third world. （数词） He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（形容词） The man over there is my old friend.(副词) The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词) The boys playing football are in Class 2. （现在分词） The trees planted last year are growing well now.过分 I have an idea to do it well.（不定式） You should do everything that I do.（定语从句）
高中英语句子结构及类型大全
中学英语句子大全 英语学习的四原则：全（记得要全）、熟（熟练）、精（总结精华）、活（活学活用） 什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。 【附着在表面上，单独存在没有意义】 一个完整的英语句子，至少由两部分组成（祁使句除外）——主语和谓语。主语是一个句子叙述的主体，表明这句话描述的是什么，谓语则用以说明主语的情况，它在人称和单复数形式上应与主语保持一致。 除了主语和谓语，句子有时还需要其他的成分，如用在系动词后表明主语性质，特征，状态或身份的表语，用在及物动后，表示行为对象或结果的宾语，修饰或限定名词或代词的定语，修饰动词形容词副词介词短语或全句的状语以及对一个名词或代词作进一步解释的同位语等。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下： 一：ＳＶ（主＋谓） 二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表） 三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾） 四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓） 主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），数词，名词化的形容词，动词不定式，动名词或从句。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！ 谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思，不能再接对象（即宾语），这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等作状语。 Ｓ│Ｖ（不及物动词） 1. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 2. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 3. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 4. Who │cares? 管它呢？ 5. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 6. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 7. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表） 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语性质，特征，状态或身份的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。
(完整word版)句子成分及句子结构
句子结构及成分 1.及物动词和不及物动词 实义动词后面跟宾语时，这个动词是及物动词。实义动词后面不跟宾语时，此时这个动词是不及物动词。 The door opened. He opened the door. The meeting began at six. < vi.> We began the meeting at six. < vt.> 指出下列句中斜体动词是及物动词还是不及物动词，及物动词填vt.，不及物填vi.。 考点1.Most birds can fly.（） 考点2.The children are flying kites in the park. ( ) 考点3.It happened yesterday.（） 考点4.My watch stopped.（） 考点5.The baby stopped crying when he saw his mother. ( ) 考点6.She spoke at the meeting this morning. （） 考点7.Shall I begin at once?（） 考点8.She began working as a teacher after she left school.（）（） 考点9.When did they leave Beijing?（） 考点10.They left last week. （） 2.实义动词、助动词与情态动词 实义动词和助动词是根据动词在句子中的含义和作用来划分的。实义动词也叫行为动词。 实义动词 指的是那些意义完全且能够独立作谓语的动词。如： He lives quite near. (live“住”，有明确的意义，单独作谓语，为实义动词。) I like reading. （like “喜欢”，意思明确，单独作谓语，为实义动词。） I bought a pen yesterday. （bought “买”，意义明确，单独作谓语，为实义动词。） 助动词 助动词的“助”是“帮助”之意。因此，助动词是指那些用来帮助构成时态、语态、虚拟语气、疑问句、否定句、倒装句和帮助强调的词。这些词本身无词汇意义或意义不完全，不能单独作谓语。 帮助构成时态的： The boy is crying.He has arrived. I have been painting all day. Does he like English?