oracle_sql创建和删除表空间、数据库、用户

查看

1、查看表空间的名称及大小

select t.tablespace_name, round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024)),0) ts_size from dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d where t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name group by t.tablespace_name;

2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小

select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name, round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space from dba_data_files order by tablespace_name;

3、查看回滚段名称及大小

select segment_name, tablespace_name, r.status,(initial_extent/1024)

InitialExtent,(next_extent/1024) NextExtent, max_extents, v.curext CurExtent from

dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v Where r.segment_id = https://www.360docs.net/doc/a014201774.html,n(+) order by segment_name ;

4、查看控制文件

select name from v$controlfile;

5、查看日志文件

select member from v$logfile;

6、查看表空间的使用情况

select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as free_space,tablespace_name from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name;

SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTES TOTAL,B.BYTES USED, C.BYTES FREE,

(B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% FREE" FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL

A,SYS.SM$TS_USED B,SYS.SM$TS_FREE C WHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAME AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;

7、查看数据库库对象

select owner, object_type, status, count(*) count# from all_objects group by owner,

object_type, status;

8、查看数据库的版本

Select version FROM Product_component_version Where SUBSTR(PRODUCT,1,6)='Oracle';

9.查看某个表空间内所占空间大于某个值的段（表或索引）:

Select segment_name,bytes FROM dba_segments Where bytes>10000000 AND

tablespace_name='tablespace_name';

10.查看所有表空间的碎片程度（值在30以下表示碎片很多）

select tablespace_name,sum(bytes),sum(free),sum(free)*100/sum(bytes)

from (select b.file_id file_ID, b.tablespace_name tablespace_name, b.bytes Bytes, (b.bytes-sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))) used, sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))

free, sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))/(b.bytes)*100 Percent from dba_free_space

a,dba_data_files b where a.file_id=b.file_id group by

b.tablespace_name,b.file_id,b.bytes order by b.file_id) group by tablespace_name order by sum(free)*100/sum(bytes);

11.查看自上次数据库启动以来所有数据文件的读写次数

select substr(https://www.360docs.net/doc/a014201774.html,,1,5) Drive, https://www.360docs.net/doc/a014201774.html,

file_name, (fs.phyblkrd+fs.phyblkwrt) from v$filestat fs,v$datafile df where

df.file#=fs.file#;

12.查看数据库中的所有用户：

select * from all_users;

//or

select * from dba_users

创建

1.创建临时表空间

create temporary tablespace mytest

tempfile 'E:/Program/oracle/product/10.1.0/oradata/orcl/mytest.dbf'

size 32m

autoextend on

next 32m maxsize 1024m extent management local;

//必须指定tempfile的参数

2.创建数据表空间

create tablespace mytest_data

logging

datafile'E:/Program/oracle/product/10.1.0/oradata/orcl/mytest_data.dbf'

size 32m

autoextend on

next 32m maxsize 1024m

extent management local;

//必须指定datafile 的参数

3.创建用户并指定表空间

create user testaccount identified by testpwd default tablespace mytest_data temporary tablespace mytest;

4.权限

//授予message 用户dba角色的所以权限

Grant dba to testaccount;

//给用户授予权限

grant connect,resource to testaccount; (db2：指定所有权限)

5.创建一个用户：

CREATE USER username IDENTIFIED BY password OR IDENTIFIED EXETERNALLYOR IDENTIFIED GLOBALLY AS ‘CN=user’[DEFAULT TABLESPACE tablespace][TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temptablespace][QUOTA [integer K[M] ] [UNLIMITED] ] ON tablespace[,QUOTA [integer K[M] ] [UNLIMITED] ] ON tablespace[PROFILES profile_name][PASSWORD EXPIRE][ACCOUNT LOCK or ACCOUNT UNLOCK]；

删除

1.删除用户以及用户所有的对象

Drop user zfmi cascade;

//cascade 参数是级联删除该用户所有对象，经常遇到如用户有对象而未加此参数则用户删除不了的问题，所以习惯性加上次参数

2.删除表空间

Drop tablespace zfmi including contents and datafiles cascade onstraints;

// including contents删除表空间内容

// including datafiles 同时删除tablespace中表的外键参照

如果在删除表空间之前删除了表空间对应的数据文件，会造成数据库无法正常启动和关闭Filename是已经被删除的数据文件，

Tablespace_name是对应的表空间名称

$sqlplus/nolog

Sql>conn/as sysdba;

如果数据库已经启动，先执行以下这行

Sql>shutdown abort

Sql>shutup mount

Sql>alter database datafile ‘filename’ offline drop;

Sql>alter database open;

Sql>drop tabelspace tablespace_name including contents;