英语倒装句(PPT课件)
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保持句子结构平衡
二、部分倒装
部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动 词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词, 要在主语之前加助动词do / does / did等, 而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。
1. 句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。
这类词或短语主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom(很少，不常）, rarely（很少，罕有）, hardly, scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）, no sooner（立即）, by no means（决不） ，not only, in no way（决 不）, at no time, few, not, no等,
如：I have never been to Guangzhou University, neither/ nor has he.
题：________, a man of achievements, deep thoughts,
but with simple habits.
A. Einstein was such B. Such was Einstein
C. Einstein was so D. So was Einstein
②only修饰主语，不倒装。
3. so或so引导的短语放在句首,前半部分倒装。
I saw the film, so did she. So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.
1) The doctor told Charlie to breathe deeply and ____. A. so did Charlie B. Charlie did so C. Charlie does so D. did Charlie so
2) —Have you ever seen anything like that
before?
—No, _____ anything like that before.
A. I never have seen B. never I have seen C.
never have I seen D. I have seen
He looked. He was able to look. He had looked. He looks. He can do that. He is handsome. He does those things. He hadn’t finished.
一、完全倒装
1. There be结构。另外,在此结构中可以用 来代替be动词的动词有:exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。
句式： “否定词/词组＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语＋ 其他”。
Not until+从句/时间状语+主句（部分倒装）。
No sooner had sb done than…；Hardly/scarcely
had sb done when…
刚刚…就
Not only+分句（部分倒装）but also+分句（不倒装）
2) So loudly _____ that ____ hear her clearly. A. did she speak; could everyone B. did she speak; everyone could C. she spoke; could everyone D. she spoke; everyone could
I love English.
完全倒装 (full inversion) 谓语+主语
Here came the headmaster.
部分倒装 (partial inversion)
助动词/情态动词+ 主语 + 动词
Nerve will I forgive you.
1. The bell goes there. 2. The children rush out. 3. A small garden was in front of the house .
A. Not was only he B. Not only he C. Not only was he D. Not only was
5、as/ though (虽然，尽管）引导的让步状语从句。
句式：名词\形容词\副词\动词\分词+as\though+主语+其他
如:
Although I am ugly, I am gentle. Ugly as I am, I am gentle. Though he is a child, he has to make a living. Child as he is, he has to make a living.
B. There stands; under
C. Stands there; under D. There stands; at
2 ，(1).在以here、there、now、then等 副词开头的句子里。
句式：副词＋vi＋名词主语
“Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be,go,lie,run) + 主语" 结构。
Here comes the old lady! Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. Now comes your turn.
如果主语是人称代词,主语和谓语语序不变，不用倒装。
如:Here you are. There she comes.
Only then did I realize the importance of math. (副词)
Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. (从句)
注意：① 在only＋状语从句＋主句结构中，主句倒装， 但从句用正常语序。
There stood a dog before him. There exist different opinions on this question.
例题:
________ a beautiful palace ________ the foot of
the hill.
A. There stand; at
3.当表示地点的介词词组(如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)在句首时。
句式：介词短语＋vi＋主语（必须是名词）
如：At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. East of the lake lie two towns. Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier.
He has been to Beijing. So have I. Tom can’t answer the question. Neither /Nor can I .
So +be/助动词/情态动词+主语 某人也是如此 Nor/neither +be/助动词/情态动词+主语 某人也不是如此 So +主语+be/助动词/情态动词 某人确实如此
2)表语为形容词
Present at the meeting were Mr White and many other guests.
3)表语为过去分词 Seated on the ground are a group of young people.
4)表语为进行时态中的现在分词
Lying on the floor was a boy. Standing beside the desk was a teacher.
注意：从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何 冠词
源自文库
6.用于So/neither (nor) + be ( have, 助动词或情 态动词) + 主语+其他的句子
表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即 上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。否则要用so it is with…/It is the same with…
3) She is not fond of cooking, ____ I.
A. so am B. nor am C. neither D. nor do
2. Only + 状语（副词/ 介词短语/ 状语从 句），位于句首 ,要部分倒装。
Only by this means is it possible to explain it. (介词短语)
注意：在上述句子中，如果主语为人称代词，
则主、谓不需要倒装。 In he came and back he went again.
4."分词(代词) + be + 主语"结构。
Walking at the head of the line was our teacher. Such was the story he told me.
4. "Not only + 分句,but also + 分句"句型 中的前一分句要部分倒装。
但not only...but also...连接主语时,不倒装。 如: Not only the mother but also the children are sick.
如： ___ himself wrong, but his friends were wrong.
注意：①not only置于句首②but(also)部分不倒装，
1) Hardly ____ the airport when the plane took
off.
A. I had arrived at B. had I arrived
C. had I reached
D. I had got to
________ are the days when teachers were looked
down upon.
A. Gone B. Go
C. To go D. Going
5，某些表语位于句首，保持句子平衡，以强 调表语. 句式：表语＋系动词＋主语（必须是 名词）
1)表语为介词短语
Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.
(2). 表示方向的副词out, in, up, down等 置于句首,要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称代 词,就不用倒装。如:
In came Mr. White. Up went the arrow into the air. Away went the boy.
题：There ________. And here ________. A. goes the phone; she comes B. is the phone going; is she C. does the phone go; does she come D. the phone goes; come she
Grammar
Inversion
英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后（主语+谓 语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前（谓语+主语）,就叫 倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前, 叫全部倒装; 如果只把助动词或be 动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒 装。
基本语序（natural order）：
主语+谓语+宾语（subject + predicate+ object）
5. 为了保持句子结构平衡, 或为了强调 表语或状语,或为了使上下文结构紧凑。 They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.
强调状语
Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms.
二、部分倒装
部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动 词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词, 要在主语之前加助动词do / does / did等, 而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。
1. 句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。
这类词或短语主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom(很少，不常）, rarely（很少，罕有）, hardly, scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）, no sooner（立即）, by no means（决不） ，not only, in no way（决 不）, at no time, few, not, no等,
如：I have never been to Guangzhou University, neither/ nor has he.
题：________, a man of achievements, deep thoughts,
but with simple habits.
A. Einstein was such B. Such was Einstein
C. Einstein was so D. So was Einstein
②only修饰主语，不倒装。
3. so或so引导的短语放在句首,前半部分倒装。
I saw the film, so did she. So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.
1) The doctor told Charlie to breathe deeply and ____. A. so did Charlie B. Charlie did so C. Charlie does so D. did Charlie so
2) —Have you ever seen anything like that
before?
—No, _____ anything like that before.
A. I never have seen B. never I have seen C.
never have I seen D. I have seen
He looked. He was able to look. He had looked. He looks. He can do that. He is handsome. He does those things. He hadn’t finished.
一、完全倒装
1. There be结构。另外,在此结构中可以用 来代替be动词的动词有:exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。
句式： “否定词/词组＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语＋ 其他”。
Not until+从句/时间状语+主句（部分倒装）。
No sooner had sb done than…；Hardly/scarcely
had sb done when…
刚刚…就
Not only+分句（部分倒装）but also+分句（不倒装）
2) So loudly _____ that ____ hear her clearly. A. did she speak; could everyone B. did she speak; everyone could C. she spoke; could everyone D. she spoke; everyone could
I love English.
完全倒装 (full inversion) 谓语+主语
Here came the headmaster.
部分倒装 (partial inversion)
助动词/情态动词+ 主语 + 动词
Nerve will I forgive you.
1. The bell goes there. 2. The children rush out. 3. A small garden was in front of the house .
A. Not was only he B. Not only he C. Not only was he D. Not only was
5、as/ though (虽然，尽管）引导的让步状语从句。
句式：名词\形容词\副词\动词\分词+as\though+主语+其他
如:
Although I am ugly, I am gentle. Ugly as I am, I am gentle. Though he is a child, he has to make a living. Child as he is, he has to make a living.
B. There stands; under
C. Stands there; under D. There stands; at
2 ，(1).在以here、there、now、then等 副词开头的句子里。
句式：副词＋vi＋名词主语
“Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be,go,lie,run) + 主语" 结构。
Here comes the old lady! Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. Now comes your turn.
如果主语是人称代词,主语和谓语语序不变，不用倒装。
如:Here you are. There she comes.
Only then did I realize the importance of math. (副词)
Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. (从句)
注意：① 在only＋状语从句＋主句结构中，主句倒装， 但从句用正常语序。
There stood a dog before him. There exist different opinions on this question.
例题:
________ a beautiful palace ________ the foot of
the hill.
A. There stand; at
3.当表示地点的介词词组(如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)在句首时。
句式：介词短语＋vi＋主语（必须是名词）
如：At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. East of the lake lie two towns. Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier.
He has been to Beijing. So have I. Tom can’t answer the question. Neither /Nor can I .
So +be/助动词/情态动词+主语 某人也是如此 Nor/neither +be/助动词/情态动词+主语 某人也不是如此 So +主语+be/助动词/情态动词 某人确实如此
2)表语为形容词
Present at the meeting were Mr White and many other guests.
3)表语为过去分词 Seated on the ground are a group of young people.
4)表语为进行时态中的现在分词
Lying on the floor was a boy. Standing beside the desk was a teacher.
注意：从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何 冠词
源自文库
6.用于So/neither (nor) + be ( have, 助动词或情 态动词) + 主语+其他的句子
表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即 上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。否则要用so it is with…/It is the same with…
3) She is not fond of cooking, ____ I.
A. so am B. nor am C. neither D. nor do
2. Only + 状语（副词/ 介词短语/ 状语从 句），位于句首 ,要部分倒装。
Only by this means is it possible to explain it. (介词短语)
注意：在上述句子中，如果主语为人称代词，
则主、谓不需要倒装。 In he came and back he went again.
4."分词(代词) + be + 主语"结构。
Walking at the head of the line was our teacher. Such was the story he told me.
4. "Not only + 分句,but also + 分句"句型 中的前一分句要部分倒装。
但not only...but also...连接主语时,不倒装。 如: Not only the mother but also the children are sick.
如： ___ himself wrong, but his friends were wrong.
注意：①not only置于句首②but(also)部分不倒装，
1) Hardly ____ the airport when the plane took
off.
A. I had arrived at B. had I arrived
C. had I reached
D. I had got to
________ are the days when teachers were looked
down upon.
A. Gone B. Go
C. To go D. Going
5，某些表语位于句首，保持句子平衡，以强 调表语. 句式：表语＋系动词＋主语（必须是 名词）
1)表语为介词短语
Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.
(2). 表示方向的副词out, in, up, down等 置于句首,要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称代 词,就不用倒装。如:
In came Mr. White. Up went the arrow into the air. Away went the boy.
题：There ________. And here ________. A. goes the phone; she comes B. is the phone going; is she C. does the phone go; does she come D. the phone goes; come she
Grammar
Inversion
英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后（主语+谓 语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前（谓语+主语）,就叫 倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前, 叫全部倒装; 如果只把助动词或be 动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒 装。
基本语序（natural order）：
主语+谓语+宾语（subject + predicate+ object）
5. 为了保持句子结构平衡, 或为了强调 表语或状语,或为了使上下文结构紧凑。 They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.
强调状语
Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms.