5g微带阵列天线讲解

5G微带阵列天线

要求：利用介质常数为2.2，厚度为1mm损耗角为0.0009的介质，设计一个工作在5G的4X4的天线阵列。

评分标准：

良：带宽〈7%

优：带宽〉7%且效率大于60%

1微带辐射贴片尺寸估算

设计微带天线的第对于工作频率即为：步是选择合适的介质基板，假设介质的介电常数为&r，

f的矩形微带天线，可以用下式设计出高效率辐射贴片的宽度W，

式中，C

波长，即为：

是光速，辐射贴片的长度一般取为飞/2 ；这里e是介质内的导波

考虑到边缘缩短效应后，实际上的辐射单元长度L应为:

L—C-2 丄

2 f •. ；e

式中，

计算，即为:

；e是有效介电常数，厶L是等效辐射缝隙长度。它们可以分别用下式

1

E r +1 E r —1 h -5

；e (1 12 ) 2

2 2 w

.丄"412h(；e。①⑶川

°264

)

® —0.258)(w/h+0.8)

2.单元的仿真

由所给要求以及上述公式计算得辐射贴片的长度L=19.15mm,W=23.72mm采

用非辐射边馈电方式，模型如图1所示：

图1单元模型

此种馈电方式，可以通过移动馈电的位置获得阻抗匹配，设馈电点距离上宽边的偏移量为dx,经仿真得到当dx=4mm P寸，阻抗匹配最好。另外，之前计算出的尺寸得到的谐振点略有偏移，经过仿真优化后贴片尺寸变为L=19mm,W=23.72mm仿真结果图如图2,图3所示。

Freq [GHz]

图2 S11参数

图3增益图

从图中可以看出谐振点为5GHz计算的相对带宽为2.2%,增益为5.78dB

2. 2 X 2阵列设计

设计馈电网络并组阵，模型图如图4所示。

图4 2 X2微带天线阵列

图5 S11参数

由S11参数可以看到2X 2阵列天线谐振点为5GHz 且此时的S11=-19dB,说明 反射损耗小，匹配良好。相对带宽约为 2.8%

。

Name

XY Plot 13

HFSSDesig n1

-1.0000

13.9625 m2

-57.0000

3.3614 ml

m3 -90.0000

-8.5636 TO.oo 79.0000

-6.8066

m2

Curve Info

____ dB(GainTotal) Setup1 : LastAdaptive Freq='5GHz' P hi='0deg' ____ dB(GainTotal) Setup1 : LastAdaptive Freq 二'5GHz' P

0.00 —

m3

m4

a -10.00

-20.00

-30.00

一

-40.00 —|i

-200.00

-150.00 -100.00 -50.00

0.00 50.00 Theta [deg]

100.00 150.00 200.00

Freq [GHz]

Curve Info

.dB(GainTotal) Setup1 :

LastAdaptive Freq='5GHz' P

hi='0deg' dB(GainTotal)

Setup1 : LastAdaptive Freq='5GHz'

P hi='90deg'

图6方向图

由方向图可以看出2X 2阵列天线的增益为13.96dB,第一副瓣电平为-10.6dB , 可知组阵能使天线的增益变高。

3. 4 X 4阵列天线

天线阵列如图7所示：

Radiation Pattern 2 HFSSDesig n1 ANSOFT

图74 X4阵列天线

m2 5.0560 -10.4730

dB(S(1,1))

Setupl : Sw eep

dy='12mm'

6 00

图8 S11参数

目

d

—

n

Radiation Pattern 1 HFSSDesig n1

Curve Info

____ dB(GainTotal)

Setup1 : LastAdaptive

dx仁'60mm' Freq='5GHz' P hi='0deg'

---- dB(GainTotal)

Setup1 : LastAdaptive

dx仁'60mm' Freq='5GHz' P hi='90deg'

图9方向图

由S11参数图可以看到谐振点在5GHz反射损耗较小，带宽约为2%由方向图可以看到增益约为19.96dB，第一副瓣电平为-11.79dB。

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