美卓通风系统培训资料
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19 © Metso
Typical reasons for poor supply air system performance供风系统效果差的典型原因
• Too high temperature过高的供风温度
- Poor mechanical condition of hood – condensing problems - 汽罩漏点多，冷凝问题多，不得不提高温度 - Lack of exhaust capacity – high humidity - condensing - 排风能力不够，空气含水量太大，造成冷凝。
5,00
1800
1600
4,00
1400
1200
3,00
1000
800
2,00
600
400
1,00
200
0
0,00
96
99
102 105 108 111 114 117 120 123
Temperature [°C]
21 © Metso
200 RMB/MWh, 8000 h/a
Hood air balance and control 汽罩空气系统的平衡和控制
• Too low supply air flow供风量太小
- Poor tightnes of the hood => low 0-level汽罩漏点多，零位降低 - Poor mechanical condition of PV-boxes (runnability problems)
稳纸风箱的机械问题多，容易断纸
• Target is to exhaust evaporated water with
minimum air flow = with maximum exhaust air humidity. 汽罩排风的目标是用最少的空气流量带走最多的水分
• Maximum air humidity is the level that hood can stand without
汽罩应该足够密闭保证合适的零位。
• Temperature of the supply air have to be high enough (95 °C) to
guarantee proper conditions for drying process and to avoid condensing problems. Anyhow not too high to waste steam. 95 °C是合适的供风温度，太高会浪费蒸汽。
Energy efficient hood air balance汽罩空气平衡可节能
Right settings of tested ventilation通风系统的正确设置
• MINIMIZED EXHAUST AIR FLOW最小的排气量
limitin-g
factor: maximum humidity that hood can stand 最大的蒸发量可以使汽罩没有冷凝
汽罩的机械状况太差（漏点多），产生太多的冷凝水，不得不开大排风
• Lack of false ceiling – condensing problems
汽罩没有夹层，汽罩顶棚因为温差产生冷凝
• Lack of measurements and/or control system
缺乏测量和控制系统
• Old manners and routines
condensing – supposed to be 160 g H2O/kg 最大量的空气含水被排出意味着汽罩内不会出现冷凝。 建议蒸发量在160g水/每公斤气
6 © Metso
Closed Hood exhaust system 封闭汽罩的排风示意图
© Metso
Meaning of right hood exhaust air flow? 正确的排风量意味着成本节约，排风量越大大 热量损失就越大，浪费越大。
5
General about hood exhaust 汽罩排风概述
• Hood exhaust air flow should be controlled according to evaporation
rate (production rate ). 汽罩排风的空气流量应该由蒸发量（每公斤气带走多少g水）来控制。
Closed Hood Air Balance XT Control 典型的汽罩空气平衡的逻辑控制
Humidity, temperature and air amount are measured in the exhaust air
(typical values: old hoods, supply is 65 % of exhaust, new hoods >70 %)
- more closed the hood and basement are => higher the 0-level is
• PROPER SUPPLY AIR TEMPERATURE正确的供风温度设置
20 © Metso
[kw] [million RMB/a]
Cost of too high supply air temperature
Supply air flow 60 kg d.a./s 太高的供风温度会浪费成本
Energy [kW]
Annual cost [million RMB]
2000
- Lack of supply capacity - 供风风机能力不够 - Blocked heat recovery or steam heat exchangers - 热回收、热交换器的换热板堵塞 - System not balanced / dampers etc. broken - 系统不平衡，如湿气太大
-
P over
openings
+
15 © Metso
Supply air system 供风系统
Valmet Uniflow Pocket Ventilator 美卓的Unifow袋通风
©PMAeNtso1243.1 PSa 026 BBS
袋通风的作用 平衡袋通风气流可以使纸幅运行稳定 可以使干燥效率提高，横幅水分均一
- into the machine hall).供风量太大→零位降低→热空气泄露到车间里
这也是3#机车间温度高的原因
- Sheet runnability in double felted groups 供风太大在双排烘缸处会容易断纸
• Hood have to be tight enough to be able to keep the proper 0-level.
- 供风最好不要用新鲜蒸汽加热，而用汽罩内排风来循环一部分。
• MAXIMIZED SUPPLY AIR FLOW最大的供风风量
- limiting factor: maximum air flow through the heat recovery that can be lead in
to the hood with reasonable 0-level and without sheet fluttering
供风的流量一般应该是排风风量的65%，因为汽罩会有一些冷空气流进来。
• Limiting factors for the supply air flow are:供风的影响
Height of the 0-level.(Too much supply -> low 0-level -> hot and humid air leaking
- 95 °C is enough for the drying process 95 °C已足够
- limiting factor: condensing problems (poor mechanical condition of the hood)
汽罩产生冷凝主要是由于漏点太多
23 © Metso
©AMIeRtso84 LGr 016
INTERNAL
Dryer SectionAir Systems 干燥部空气系统
热回收器 供风风机 循环空气管 稳定风箱供风系统 压部稳定风箱供风系统
© Metso
INTERNAL
排风机 排风管 供风管
袋通风器 稳纸系统
单挂袋通风 压部稳纸风箱
Exhaust system 排风系统
20
25
30
Air flow [kg d.a./s]
25,5 €/MWh, 8000 h/a
Typical reasons for too big exhaust air flow 排风量过大的典型原因
• Poor mechanical condition of hood – condensing problems
Annual cost of too big exhaust air flow 每年因排风量过大浪费的能量和资金
Energy [kW]
Annual cost [1000 RMB]
2000
3000
[kw] [1000 €]
1500 1000 500
0
0
10 © Metso
2000 1000
0
5
10
15
The Influence of the Pocket Ventilation 带通风开或关时横幅的空气含水量差别非常大
© Metso
General about hood supply air 供风系统概述
• Supply air flow is preheated in the air-air heat recovery.
Air out 80 °C
RMB?
8 © Metso
Air in 30 °C
PM3 maximum exhaust flow is about right for existing production
3#机的排风量已开到最大，但蒸发量为150gH2O，还算正常，但还有 优化空间。
9 © Metso
That minimize the steam consumption for air heating.
送风机的空气先经过气-气的热交换加热，再用最少量的蒸汽加热。
• Air flow of the supply fans should be maximized
(min. 65 % of exhaust air) in order to avoid uncontrolled cold leakage air flow into the hood.
13 © Metso
Full width and length false ceiling ensures underpressure below the roof 全尺寸和长度的夹层可以保护汽罩顶部不被负压冲击。
14 © Metso
False ceiling with adjustable doors 夹层有可调节的风门，用于平衡汽罩内各位置的零位。
思维方式和做事方ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ陈旧
11 © Metso
Hood and false ceiling 汽罩和夹层
12
Pressure conditions in the hood 汽罩内的压力状况
There is risk that humid air penetrat into the roof elements if underpressure of the false ceiling is lost. 如果没有汽罩夹层，饱含水分的热空气会直接冲击汽罩顶部，产生冷凝或汽罩变形。
TRAINING MATERIAL
Ventilation systems & heat recovery
通风系统和热回收培训资料
Jukka Parvinen
Dryer section ventilation 干燥部通风系统
2
The Dryer Section Ventilation Process 干燥部通风系统流程
without
condensing
(typical designed values: old hoods120, 140, new hoods >160 g H2O/kg d.a.) 典型的蒸发量设置：旧汽罩 120、140，新汽罩>160 3#机目前150
- additional air flow is heated in the dryer section cylinders = fresh steam
Typical reasons for poor supply air system performance供风系统效果差的典型原因
• Too high temperature过高的供风温度
- Poor mechanical condition of hood – condensing problems - 汽罩漏点多，冷凝问题多，不得不提高温度 - Lack of exhaust capacity – high humidity - condensing - 排风能力不够，空气含水量太大，造成冷凝。
5,00
1800
1600
4,00
1400
1200
3,00
1000
800
2,00
600
400
1,00
200
0
0,00
96
99
102 105 108 111 114 117 120 123
Temperature [°C]
21 © Metso
200 RMB/MWh, 8000 h/a
Hood air balance and control 汽罩空气系统的平衡和控制
• Too low supply air flow供风量太小
- Poor tightnes of the hood => low 0-level汽罩漏点多，零位降低 - Poor mechanical condition of PV-boxes (runnability problems)
稳纸风箱的机械问题多，容易断纸
• Target is to exhaust evaporated water with
minimum air flow = with maximum exhaust air humidity. 汽罩排风的目标是用最少的空气流量带走最多的水分
• Maximum air humidity is the level that hood can stand without
汽罩应该足够密闭保证合适的零位。
• Temperature of the supply air have to be high enough (95 °C) to
guarantee proper conditions for drying process and to avoid condensing problems. Anyhow not too high to waste steam. 95 °C是合适的供风温度，太高会浪费蒸汽。
Energy efficient hood air balance汽罩空气平衡可节能
Right settings of tested ventilation通风系统的正确设置
• MINIMIZED EXHAUST AIR FLOW最小的排气量
limitin-g
factor: maximum humidity that hood can stand 最大的蒸发量可以使汽罩没有冷凝
汽罩的机械状况太差（漏点多），产生太多的冷凝水，不得不开大排风
• Lack of false ceiling – condensing problems
汽罩没有夹层，汽罩顶棚因为温差产生冷凝
• Lack of measurements and/or control system
缺乏测量和控制系统
• Old manners and routines
condensing – supposed to be 160 g H2O/kg 最大量的空气含水被排出意味着汽罩内不会出现冷凝。 建议蒸发量在160g水/每公斤气
6 © Metso
Closed Hood exhaust system 封闭汽罩的排风示意图
© Metso
Meaning of right hood exhaust air flow? 正确的排风量意味着成本节约，排风量越大大 热量损失就越大，浪费越大。
5
General about hood exhaust 汽罩排风概述
• Hood exhaust air flow should be controlled according to evaporation
rate (production rate ). 汽罩排风的空气流量应该由蒸发量（每公斤气带走多少g水）来控制。
Closed Hood Air Balance XT Control 典型的汽罩空气平衡的逻辑控制
Humidity, temperature and air amount are measured in the exhaust air
(typical values: old hoods, supply is 65 % of exhaust, new hoods >70 %)
- more closed the hood and basement are => higher the 0-level is
• PROPER SUPPLY AIR TEMPERATURE正确的供风温度设置
20 © Metso
[kw] [million RMB/a]
Cost of too high supply air temperature
Supply air flow 60 kg d.a./s 太高的供风温度会浪费成本
Energy [kW]
Annual cost [million RMB]
2000
- Lack of supply capacity - 供风风机能力不够 - Blocked heat recovery or steam heat exchangers - 热回收、热交换器的换热板堵塞 - System not balanced / dampers etc. broken - 系统不平衡，如湿气太大
-
P over
openings
+
15 © Metso
Supply air system 供风系统
Valmet Uniflow Pocket Ventilator 美卓的Unifow袋通风
©PMAeNtso1243.1 PSa 026 BBS
袋通风的作用 平衡袋通风气流可以使纸幅运行稳定 可以使干燥效率提高，横幅水分均一
- into the machine hall).供风量太大→零位降低→热空气泄露到车间里
这也是3#机车间温度高的原因
- Sheet runnability in double felted groups 供风太大在双排烘缸处会容易断纸
• Hood have to be tight enough to be able to keep the proper 0-level.
- 供风最好不要用新鲜蒸汽加热，而用汽罩内排风来循环一部分。
• MAXIMIZED SUPPLY AIR FLOW最大的供风风量
- limiting factor: maximum air flow through the heat recovery that can be lead in
to the hood with reasonable 0-level and without sheet fluttering
供风的流量一般应该是排风风量的65%，因为汽罩会有一些冷空气流进来。
• Limiting factors for the supply air flow are:供风的影响
Height of the 0-level.(Too much supply -> low 0-level -> hot and humid air leaking
- 95 °C is enough for the drying process 95 °C已足够
- limiting factor: condensing problems (poor mechanical condition of the hood)
汽罩产生冷凝主要是由于漏点太多
23 © Metso
©AMIeRtso84 LGr 016
INTERNAL
Dryer SectionAir Systems 干燥部空气系统
热回收器 供风风机 循环空气管 稳定风箱供风系统 压部稳定风箱供风系统
© Metso
INTERNAL
排风机 排风管 供风管
袋通风器 稳纸系统
单挂袋通风 压部稳纸风箱
Exhaust system 排风系统
20
25
30
Air flow [kg d.a./s]
25,5 €/MWh, 8000 h/a
Typical reasons for too big exhaust air flow 排风量过大的典型原因
• Poor mechanical condition of hood – condensing problems
Annual cost of too big exhaust air flow 每年因排风量过大浪费的能量和资金
Energy [kW]
Annual cost [1000 RMB]
2000
3000
[kw] [1000 €]
1500 1000 500
0
0
10 © Metso
2000 1000
0
5
10
15
The Influence of the Pocket Ventilation 带通风开或关时横幅的空气含水量差别非常大
© Metso
General about hood supply air 供风系统概述
• Supply air flow is preheated in the air-air heat recovery.
Air out 80 °C
RMB?
8 © Metso
Air in 30 °C
PM3 maximum exhaust flow is about right for existing production
3#机的排风量已开到最大，但蒸发量为150gH2O，还算正常，但还有 优化空间。
9 © Metso
That minimize the steam consumption for air heating.
送风机的空气先经过气-气的热交换加热，再用最少量的蒸汽加热。
• Air flow of the supply fans should be maximized
(min. 65 % of exhaust air) in order to avoid uncontrolled cold leakage air flow into the hood.
13 © Metso
Full width and length false ceiling ensures underpressure below the roof 全尺寸和长度的夹层可以保护汽罩顶部不被负压冲击。
14 © Metso
False ceiling with adjustable doors 夹层有可调节的风门，用于平衡汽罩内各位置的零位。
思维方式和做事方ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ陈旧
11 © Metso
Hood and false ceiling 汽罩和夹层
12
Pressure conditions in the hood 汽罩内的压力状况
There is risk that humid air penetrat into the roof elements if underpressure of the false ceiling is lost. 如果没有汽罩夹层，饱含水分的热空气会直接冲击汽罩顶部，产生冷凝或汽罩变形。
TRAINING MATERIAL
Ventilation systems & heat recovery
通风系统和热回收培训资料
Jukka Parvinen
Dryer section ventilation 干燥部通风系统
2
The Dryer Section Ventilation Process 干燥部通风系统流程
without
condensing
(typical designed values: old hoods120, 140, new hoods >160 g H2O/kg d.a.) 典型的蒸发量设置：旧汽罩 120、140，新汽罩>160 3#机目前150
- additional air flow is heated in the dryer section cylinders = fresh steam