民航英语

Unit One Runway
In the application of this specification, it should assumed that landing or takeoff is in normal circumstance precluded when the cross wind components exceeds: ----37km/h in the case of aeroplane whose reference field length is 1500m or more, except that when poor runway braking action owing to an insufficient longitudinal coefficient of friction is experienced with some frequency, the cross wind component should not exceed 24km/h. ----24km/h in the case of aeroplane whose reference field length is 1200m or up to but not including 1500m. ----19km/h in the case of aeroplane whose reference field length is less than 1200m.
Unit One Runway
2. Siting and Orientation of runway
Many factors can decide the Siting and Orientation
----usability factor: the percentage of time during which the use
3.Number and Layout of runway
Generally speaking, the number of r/w to be provided in each direction depends on the number of aircraft movements to be catered to. The number and orientation of runways at an aerodrome should be such that the usability factor of the aerodrome is not less than 95% for the aeroplane the aerodrome is intended to serve ---- Former design: triangular ----Mordent design: parallel
Unit One Runway
----documents provided by a/c manufacturers like: weight of the aircraft; landing speeds under different conditions; landing and takeoff roll distance and so on, to speak for the length of runway and how much space needed on taxiway for aircraft to turn and how much parking area must be allowed to accommodate the wing span of the aircraft. -----Prevailing wind in line with the wind to allow a/c to take off and land into wind
Unit One Runway
5. Length of runway
The actual length of runway to be provided for a primary runway should be long enough to meet the operational requirements of the aeroplanes for which the runway is intended should not be less than the longest length decided by applying the corrections for local conditions and performance of the relevant aeroplane Generally speaking, the hotter the climate and the higher the airport above sea level, the longer the runways need to be.
Unit One Runway
Another factowenku.baidu.com is the app surface can ensure that obstacles in this areas or other factors will not restrict the operation of normal app and missed app.
Unit One Runway
6.width of runway
The width of r/w should be not less than the appropriate dimension specified in the following table r/w can be technically expressed in terms of code letter and code number A B C D E 1a 18m 18m 23m 2a 23m 23m 30m 3 30m 30m 30m 45m 4 45m 45m 45m Note: a: the width of a precision approach r/w should be not less than 30m where code number is 1 0r 2
of r/w or system of r/w is not restricted because of the cross wind component. ----the number and orientation of runway at an aerodrome should be such that the usability factor of the aerodrome is not less than 95% for the aeroplanes the aerodrome is intended to serve
7.separation of Parallel runways
Where parallel runways are provided for simultaneous use under VMC only, the minimum distance between their center lines should be: ----210m where the higher code number is 3 or 4 ----150m where the higher code number is 2 ----120m where the higher code number is 1
Unit One Runway
local conditions to be considered: ----elevation ----Temperature ----r/w slope ----Humidity The length of r/w can be technically expressed in terms of code number: 1 less than 800m; 2 >800<1200; 3>1200<1800; 4>=1800(m) note: elevation the vertical distance of a point or level, on or affixed to the surface of the earth, measured from MSL.
Unit One Runway

ICAO Reference Code Code 4E Code 4D Code 4C A/C Types B747，A330,A340,B777 DC-10,MD11,B767,A300,A310 A320,B727,B737
Unit One Runway
Unit One Runway
4.Location of runway threshold
----definition of threshold: The beginning of that portion of the runway usable for landing the threshold of r/w is normally located at extremity of a r/w, but sometimes they are not. The threshold of runway can be displaced ----Permanently ----temporarily 60m long cleared and graded should be available between the unserviceable area and the newly displaced threshold
An approach that is not completed with a landing due to lack of visual reference , the presence of other aircraft on or too near the runway, ...
Unit One Runway
Unit One Runway
1.Definition 2.Siting and Orientation of runway 3.Number and Layout of runway 4.Location of runway threshold 5.Length of runway 6.width of runway 7.separation of Parallel runways 8.Slopes ,surface and strength of runway 9.Category of runway
Unit One Runway
1.
Definition: A runway is a defined rectangular area on a
land aerodrome prepared for the landing and taking off of aircraft. It is one of the most important component of airport system. To build a new runway or complete new airport, the positioning and dimensions are vital. To assist the planner, aircraft manufacturers need to provide a document of several hundred pages to describe the features and requirements of a new aircraft.