风电特许权项目与电价问题
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Wind Power Price
招标电价（累计等效满负荷小时数30000以内的电量，其余按当时平 均上网电价） 2003年到2006年共有11个风电特许权项目招标，中标上网电价最高 0.5190元/kWh，最低0.3820元/kWh。 Bidding price (Cumulative electricity production within full load hours of 30000, the rest will be the average power price at that time) During 2003 to 2006 there are 11 wind power concession projects called for bid, the winners offered price are very low in general, the highest is 0.5190 yuan/kWh, the lowest is 0.3820
Government commitment
Government will sign a concession No commitment. agreement, Provincial power grid company will sign a power purchase agreement with the winner.
yuan/kWh.
价格种类 Pricing systems
固定电价 因其容易操作和实施效果好，是比较适合中国采用的制度。 招标电价 在英国实施10年合同履行率过低以及对产业发展不利。 Fixed tariff system It is more appropriate to be adopted in China, as it is easy to implement and operate. Tendering tariff system It has brought many problems, especially the issue of low contract implementation rate and its negative impact on the industry development.
江苏如东 一期 2003 广东惠来
100
2191
华睿 0.4365*
0.3300
0.4033
100
1990
粤电
0.5013
0.3038
0.4527
招标结果
江苏如东二期 150 2273 龙源
0.5190 0.4500 0.4955
内蒙辉腾锡勒 100 2588 北国电 0.3820 0.4174 0.3969 2004 吉林通榆 200 2309 龙源 0.5090 0.3500 0.4533
风电特许权招标项目 Bidding for wind power concession projects
主要内容 MAJOR COMPONENTS
通过公开招标选择投资商，承诺最低上网电价者（2005年改变）中 标。 风电特许权项目特许期为25年。
Investor will be selected by public bidding procedure, the bidder offering the lowest price (changed since 2005) would obtain the contract. The period of wind power Concession will be 25 years.
价格种类 Pricing systems
配额制等市场电价体系 需要以整个完善的竞争化的电力市场为前提。 绿电制度 前提条件是社会经济发展到一定水平和全民高度的环保意识。 Quota (Mandated Market Share) and market price systems Need a complete commercialized power market as the precondition. Green power system The condition is that the society develops to a certain standard
招标结果
中标上网电价（含 8.5%售电增值税和 33%所得税）
规模 (MW) 可行性研究 估测的 年上网电量 （等效满负荷 小时数） 中标电价 (元/kWh) 猜测的 经营期 （20 等效满负荷 年） 3 万小时 平均上网 以后当时 电价 电力市场价 (元/kWh) (元/kWh)
年份
项目名称
中标商
风电特许权招标项目 Bidding for wind power concession projects
主要内容 MAJOR COMPONENTS
省电网公司要按照与中标人签订的购电合同收购风电项目全部电量。 风电与常规电源的电价差在省电网内分摊（2006年起在全国分摊）。 All electricity generated by wind project must be purchased by provincial power grid company according to Power Purchase Agreement signed with the winner. The increment cost of wind power will be shared within provincial power grid (nationwide since 2006)
The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) is promoting wind power Concession projects, for large scale commercial wind power development. 2003, 2 projects, 200 MW 2004, 3 projects, 650 MW 2005, 3 projects, 600 MW 2006, 3 projects, 1000 MW Total 2450MW
吉林通榆
200 2524
华能
0.5090 0.3500 0.4533
招标结果
江苏东台 200 2126 未交 可行 江苏大丰 200 性研 究 2005 甘肃安西 100 2358 国华 0.4877 0.4861 0.4867
中电投
0.4877
0.4861 0.4867
中电投
0.4616 0. 6000 (0.7260*)
风电电价水平 Level of Wind Power Price
政府审批电价（经营期平均电价） 项目投产前按照可行性研究结果核定电价，在经营期间还要再审核， 具有不确定性。 2005年底中国风电场上网电价最高1.2元/kWh，最低0.40元/kWh。 Government approval price (Average price in Business cycle)
0.3800 0.4317
山东即墨 150 1686 华电国际 * 投标价格
？
？
招标结果
内蒙巴音 河北单晶河
200 200
2318 2193
龙源 中节能
0.4656 0.5006
0.3822 0.4500
风电特许权项目与电价问题 WIND POWER CONCESSION PROJECTS AND THE ISSUE OF PRICE
绿色和平组织风电电价课题组 报告人 施鹏飞 北京，2006年10月20日 Research team on wind power price Supported by Greenpeace Presented by Shi Pengfei Beijing, 20 October 2006
Before the project construction completed, the approval based on the results of feasibility study, during the business cycle it could be reviewed and maybe changed, keep the uncertainties for investors. By the end of 2005, wind power price in China the highest up to 1.2 yuan/kWh, the lowest was 0.4 yuan/kWh.
政府与中标人签订特许权协议。 没有承诺。 省电网公司与中标人签订购电合 同。
CONCESSION vs NORMAL
Wind power concession Normal Price Fixed price commitment by the No fixed price government for a certain quantity of commitment by the electircity government, maybe changed later
Two different price will be gained by the winner. The first phase cumulative electricity production equivalent to 30,000 full load hours, price will be the bidding price offered by the winner; The second phase will be the average price on the power market at that time.
风电特许权招标项目 Bidding for wind power concession projects
主要内容 MAJOR COMPONENTS
项目执行两段制电价政策。 第一段电价执行期为风电场累计上网电量在等效满负荷小时数30000 以内，执行中标人的投标电价。 第二段电价执行当时电力市场中的平均上网电价。
风电特许权项目与一般项目的差别
风电特许权项目 电价 政府承诺一定电量的固定电价。 一般风电项目 政府不承诺固定电价， 在经营期内可能改变。
项目前期工作
由政府组织协调。发生的费用招 由开发商进行。 标后由中标人承担。
由开发商投资和建设。 没有要求（2005年起要 求）。
风电场至电网的输电线 由电网公司投资和建设。 路 风电机组国产化率 政府承诺 70% 国产化率，在中国总装。
Project preparation Coordinated by the government. The To be done by work costs will be covered by the winner developers. after bidding. Transmission line Invest and built by power grid company. Invest and built by from wind farm to developer. power grid Percentage of local 70% local made components, made components assembled in China. No requests.
and the citizen has a high level of environment awareness.
风电特许权招标项目 Bidding for wind power concession projects
国家发展改革委推行风电特许权项目，大规模商业化发展风电。2003 年到2006年，中标项目规模合计2450MW。
招标电价（累计等效满负荷小时数30000以内的电量，其余按当时平 均上网电价） 2003年到2006年共有11个风电特许权项目招标，中标上网电价最高 0.5190元/kWh，最低0.3820元/kWh。 Bidding price (Cumulative electricity production within full load hours of 30000, the rest will be the average power price at that time) During 2003 to 2006 there are 11 wind power concession projects called for bid, the winners offered price are very low in general, the highest is 0.5190 yuan/kWh, the lowest is 0.3820
Government commitment
Government will sign a concession No commitment. agreement, Provincial power grid company will sign a power purchase agreement with the winner.
yuan/kWh.
价格种类 Pricing systems
固定电价 因其容易操作和实施效果好，是比较适合中国采用的制度。 招标电价 在英国实施10年合同履行率过低以及对产业发展不利。 Fixed tariff system It is more appropriate to be adopted in China, as it is easy to implement and operate. Tendering tariff system It has brought many problems, especially the issue of low contract implementation rate and its negative impact on the industry development.
江苏如东 一期 2003 广东惠来
100
2191
华睿 0.4365*
0.3300
0.4033
100
1990
粤电
0.5013
0.3038
0.4527
招标结果
江苏如东二期 150 2273 龙源
0.5190 0.4500 0.4955
内蒙辉腾锡勒 100 2588 北国电 0.3820 0.4174 0.3969 2004 吉林通榆 200 2309 龙源 0.5090 0.3500 0.4533
风电特许权招标项目 Bidding for wind power concession projects
主要内容 MAJOR COMPONENTS
通过公开招标选择投资商，承诺最低上网电价者（2005年改变）中 标。 风电特许权项目特许期为25年。
Investor will be selected by public bidding procedure, the bidder offering the lowest price (changed since 2005) would obtain the contract. The period of wind power Concession will be 25 years.
价格种类 Pricing systems
配额制等市场电价体系 需要以整个完善的竞争化的电力市场为前提。 绿电制度 前提条件是社会经济发展到一定水平和全民高度的环保意识。 Quota (Mandated Market Share) and market price systems Need a complete commercialized power market as the precondition. Green power system The condition is that the society develops to a certain standard
招标结果
中标上网电价（含 8.5%售电增值税和 33%所得税）
规模 (MW) 可行性研究 估测的 年上网电量 （等效满负荷 小时数） 中标电价 (元/kWh) 猜测的 经营期 （20 等效满负荷 年） 3 万小时 平均上网 以后当时 电价 电力市场价 (元/kWh) (元/kWh)
年份
项目名称
中标商
风电特许权招标项目 Bidding for wind power concession projects
主要内容 MAJOR COMPONENTS
省电网公司要按照与中标人签订的购电合同收购风电项目全部电量。 风电与常规电源的电价差在省电网内分摊（2006年起在全国分摊）。 All electricity generated by wind project must be purchased by provincial power grid company according to Power Purchase Agreement signed with the winner. The increment cost of wind power will be shared within provincial power grid (nationwide since 2006)
The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) is promoting wind power Concession projects, for large scale commercial wind power development. 2003, 2 projects, 200 MW 2004, 3 projects, 650 MW 2005, 3 projects, 600 MW 2006, 3 projects, 1000 MW Total 2450MW
吉林通榆
200 2524
华能
0.5090 0.3500 0.4533
招标结果
江苏东台 200 2126 未交 可行 江苏大丰 200 性研 究 2005 甘肃安西 100 2358 国华 0.4877 0.4861 0.4867
中电投
0.4877
0.4861 0.4867
中电投
0.4616 0. 6000 (0.7260*)
风电电价水平 Level of Wind Power Price
政府审批电价（经营期平均电价） 项目投产前按照可行性研究结果核定电价，在经营期间还要再审核， 具有不确定性。 2005年底中国风电场上网电价最高1.2元/kWh，最低0.40元/kWh。 Government approval price (Average price in Business cycle)
0.3800 0.4317
山东即墨 150 1686 华电国际 * 投标价格
？
？
招标结果
内蒙巴音 河北单晶河
200 200
2318 2193
龙源 中节能
0.4656 0.5006
0.3822 0.4500
风电特许权项目与电价问题 WIND POWER CONCESSION PROJECTS AND THE ISSUE OF PRICE
绿色和平组织风电电价课题组 报告人 施鹏飞 北京，2006年10月20日 Research team on wind power price Supported by Greenpeace Presented by Shi Pengfei Beijing, 20 October 2006
Before the project construction completed, the approval based on the results of feasibility study, during the business cycle it could be reviewed and maybe changed, keep the uncertainties for investors. By the end of 2005, wind power price in China the highest up to 1.2 yuan/kWh, the lowest was 0.4 yuan/kWh.
政府与中标人签订特许权协议。 没有承诺。 省电网公司与中标人签订购电合 同。
CONCESSION vs NORMAL
Wind power concession Normal Price Fixed price commitment by the No fixed price government for a certain quantity of commitment by the electircity government, maybe changed later
Two different price will be gained by the winner. The first phase cumulative electricity production equivalent to 30,000 full load hours, price will be the bidding price offered by the winner; The second phase will be the average price on the power market at that time.
风电特许权招标项目 Bidding for wind power concession projects
主要内容 MAJOR COMPONENTS
项目执行两段制电价政策。 第一段电价执行期为风电场累计上网电量在等效满负荷小时数30000 以内，执行中标人的投标电价。 第二段电价执行当时电力市场中的平均上网电价。
风电特许权项目与一般项目的差别
风电特许权项目 电价 政府承诺一定电量的固定电价。 一般风电项目 政府不承诺固定电价， 在经营期内可能改变。
项目前期工作
由政府组织协调。发生的费用招 由开发商进行。 标后由中标人承担。
由开发商投资和建设。 没有要求（2005年起要 求）。
风电场至电网的输电线 由电网公司投资和建设。 路 风电机组国产化率 政府承诺 70% 国产化率，在中国总装。
Project preparation Coordinated by the government. The To be done by work costs will be covered by the winner developers. after bidding. Transmission line Invest and built by power grid company. Invest and built by from wind farm to developer. power grid Percentage of local 70% local made components, made components assembled in China. No requests.
and the citizen has a high level of environment awareness.
风电特许权招标项目 Bidding for wind power concession projects
国家发展改革委推行风电特许权项目，大规模商业化发展风电。2003 年到2006年，中标项目规模合计2450MW。