宾语补足语讲解

宾语补足语（Object complement)用法归纳

概念：英语中含有某些意义的动词跟了宾语后句子仍不完整，还须要一个补足成分，这种补足成分叫做宾语补足语。宾语补足语是句子的主要成分，这样的句型为：主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语。

由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语充当宾语补足语，用以说明宾语的类属、性质、状态等意义；由非谓语动词即不定式、现在分词、过去分词充当宾语补足语，用以说明宾语的动作。

①当感官动词和使役动词，如：see hear notice watch hear observe, listen to, feel(感官动词)make have let get(使役动词)接宾补时，不定式的符号to必须省略。但在被动语态中，动词后要加to。

主动语态：The policeman made him tell everything.

被动语态：He was made to tell everything by the policeman.

②感官动词see, hear, watch, notice, observe后面的宾语补足语既可跟不带to的动词不定式，也可跟现在分词，其区别在于前者表示“经常性的，习惯性的动作”，后者表示“正在发生的瞬间动作”。

I often hear her sing English songs in the room.

Suddenly, Zhang Hua heard someone shouting “Fire! Fire!”

③在help后,不定式可以带to,也可不带。

Lucy often helps her brother (to) learn English.

④有些动词只能用现在分词作宾语补足语，如：keep, mind, prevent, stop。动词find, catch等的宾语可由现在分词作宾语补足语。

She caught her son smoking a cigarette.

We’d better keep the fire burning.

I don’t mind you joking. I like it.

The heavy rain prevented us coming here on time.

I found him drinking my whisky.

⑤hope, demand, suggest等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语。

错误：I hope you to come here tomorrow.

正确：I hope you can come here tomorrow.

⑥表示心理状态的动词consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等动词后的不定式通常是“to be+形容词或名词”结构，to be常可省略。

We consider him (to be) a good teacher.

He proved that theory (to be) very important.

I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her.

⑦当宾语是不定式、动名词或宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后，而用it作句子的形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前，将真正的宾语置于补足语之后。如：

I think it wrong to smoke in public.

I find it hard to learn English well.

She kept it secret that she hadn’t passed the exam.

I think it important that we should keep calm.