数控车削零件加工工艺设计

数控车削零件加工工艺设计

摘要

数控车床是目前使用最广泛的数控机床之一。随着数控技术的不断发展和应用领域的扩大，数控加工技术对国计民生的一些重要行业（IT、汽车、轻工、医疗等）的发展起着越来越重要的作用，因为效率、质量是先进制造技术的主体。高速、高精加工技术可极大地提高效率，提高产品的质量和档次，缩短生产周期和提高市场竞争能力。数控车床主要用于加工轴类、盘类等回转体零件。通过数控加工程序的运行，可自动完成内外圆柱面、圆锥面、成形表面、螺纹和端面等工序的切削加工，并能进行车槽、钻孔、扩孔、铰孔等工作,并且具有很高的精度。而对于数控加工,无论是手工编程还是自动编程，在编程前都要对所加工的零件进行工艺分析，拟定加工方案，选择合适的刀具，确定切削用量，对一些工艺问题(如对刀点、加工路

线等)也需做一些处理。并在加工过程掌握控制精度的方法,才能加工出合格的产品。

本文根据数控机床的特点，针对具体的零件，进行了工艺方案的分析，工装方案的确定，刀具和切削用量的选择，确定加工顺序和加工路线，数控加工程序编制。通过整个工艺的过程的制定，充分体现了数控设备在保证加工精度，加工效率，简化工序等方面的优势。

关键词：数控车床；加工工艺；编程

Abstract

CNC lathe is the most widely used one of CNC machine tools. With the continuous development of numerical control technology and applications of the expansion, CNC machining technology to the national economy and some important industries (IT, automobile, light industry, medical, etc.) play an increasingly important role in the development, because the efficiency, quality, advanced The main manufacturing technology. High-speed, high-finishing technology can greatly improve efficiency, improve product quality and grade, shorten the production cycle and improve market competitiveness. CNC lathe is mainly used for machining shafts, classes and other rotary parts. Running through the NC program,

Can automatically complete internal and external cylindrical surface, conical surface, forming surface, thread and end the processes of cutting, and can be tank cars, drilling, reaming, reaming, etc., and has very high precision. For CNC machining, programming, whether by hand or automatic programming, the programming before going right in the processing of parts for Gongyi analysis, Nidingjiagong program, choose the right of the tool, determine the cutting Yong Liang, Yi Xie process on the issue (Ru on knife point, processing line, etc.) also need to do some processing. Process in control in the precision of the method can process a qualified product.

This according to the characteristics of CNC machine tools, for specific parts of process and program analysis, program to determine tooling, cutting tools and cutting parameters selection, determine the processing sequence and processing line, NC programming. Through the process of making the whole process fully reflects the processing of numerical control equipment in ensuring accuracy, processing efficiency, simplify procedures, and other areas.

Keyword: a CNC MACHINING CNC；automatic；accuary

目录

前言 (5)

第1章工艺方案分析 (6)

1.1零件图 (6)

1.2加工分析 (6)

1.3加工工艺方案 (7)

1.4重点工序操作要点分析 (7)

1.44工序8操作要点 (8)

第2章工件的装夹 (9)

2.1定位基准的选择 (9)

2.2定位基准选择的原则 (9)

2.3确定零件的定位基准 (9)

2.4装夹方式的选择 (9)

2.5数控车床常用的装夹方式 (10)

第3章刀具及切削用量 (11)

3.1选择数控刀具的原则 (11)

3.2选择数控车削用刀具 (11)