英语中考复习教案专题十三 状语从句

学习过程

一、复习预习

1、在句中作状语用的从句叫状语从句，状语从句可修饰谓语，非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。状语从句可以在句首，也可在句中或句末。

2、引导状语从句的一般为连词，也可有词组。

3、状语从句按用途可有时间、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果、方式、地点、比较等九种。

4、状语从句中的将来时，一般不用将来时。（一般将来时用一般现在时、将来完成时用现在完成时、过去将来时用一般过去时、过去将来完成时用过去完成时表示。)

二、知识讲解

考点1——时间状语从句

常用引导词: when，as，while，as，soon as，while，before，after，since，till，until 特殊引导词:the minute, the moment, the day, immediately,no sooner …than, hardly …when, scarcely … when

1) when, while, as的区别：

①三者均可表示“当……的时候”, 如果主句表示的是短暂的动作, 而从句表示的是一段时间, 三者可通用。

② as和when都可与终止性动词连用, while 只能与延续性动词连用。如：

It was snowing ____ we got to the airport．当我们到达机场时, 天正下着雪。（不能用 while）

③as强调主句与从句表示的动作同时发生; while强调主句表示的动作持续于while所指的整个时间内; when可指主、从句所述动作同时或先后发生。如:

He sang as he went along. 他边走边唱.

Please write____ I read. 我读的时候, 请写下来。

____ he reached home, he had a little rest. 回到家后, 他休息了一会儿。

Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.

I got in touch with him immediately I received his letter.

My sister came directly she got my message.

Every time I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.

如果把no sooner, hardly, scarcely, barely置于句首，它所连带的这部分要倒装，如： No sooner had she heard the news than she fainted.

(She had no sooner heard the news than she fainted.)

考点2——条件状语从句

常用引导词: if,unless，(if not)

特殊引导词:as/so long as，on condition that

① We’ll start our project ___ the president agrees.

② You will certainly succeed ____ ___ ___ you keep on trying.

要点: 引导条件状语从句的连词有if(如果)、unless(除非)等, unless在意义上相当于if…．not。条件状语从句也像时间状语从句一样，如果主句用将来时, 从句要用现在时代替将来时。如：

You will fail ____ you study hard．

(＝You will fail if you don't study hard．)除非你努力学习, 否则你会失败。

注意：有时可以把祈使句作为条件从句，祈使句后面要搭配and，如：

Come tomorrow, and I will tell you./Persevere and you will succeed.

Give him an inch and he’ll take a mile. (= If you give him an inch, he’ll take a mile. )

但：当表示否定的条件时，可用连词or 或otherwise，如：

Make up your mind, or you’ll miss the chance.

Start at once, or / otherwise you’ll miss the train.

(= If you don’t start at once, …)

(= Unless you start at once, you’ll miss the train.)

考点3——原因状语从句

(1)常用引导词: because, since, as , now that

(2)because, since, as, for 用法比较：

一）.because: 语气最强，回答why引导的疑问句，该从句一般位于主句后，所表示的是直接理由，因果关系不能同so连用。

Why are you late? Because there is a traffic jam.

—Why can't I go? 为什么我不能去?

— ____ you're too young. 因为你年纪太小了。

二）.since: “既然…..”表对方已知的事实或理由，从句常放在句首。since比as正式。 Since you have got enough money with you now, you can come and buy it next time. 三）. as: “由于….”语气较弱较口语化，表明显的原因或已知的事实，从句常放在句首。 As he had been ready for the worst, he was not disappointed at the result. ____you are not feeling well，you'd better stay at home．

既然你不太舒服，还是留在家里的好

四）.for是一个等立连词，连接的是两个并列的分句，其他三个引导的是状语从句；for 不能放在句首。

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.

考点4——目的状语从句

常用引导词:so that，in order that

引导目的状语从句时，从句中常有can, could, may, might, would

① The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters _____ _____ he could sign them.

② The teacher raised his voice _____ _____ _____ the students in the back could hear more clearly.

考点5——结果状语从句

常用引导词: so…that，such…that

1. so…that和such…that引导的结果状语从句,意为“如此..以至于”,用来补充说明主句动作发生所带来的结果

The boy is so young that he cannot go to school