唐大明宫含元殿遗址出土的瓦当赏析

唐大明宫含元殿遗址出土的瓦当赏析

瓦当

瓦当当径9~ 15厘米，几乎都是莲花纹。一般为轮内饰联珠纹，当面为莲花纹。按其花瓣的繁、简、肥、瘦、花蕊和当径大小区分，约有十多种。一般唐初多单瓣，瓣痩长而繁密；盛唐多双瓣，瓣肥厚而短壮。

图163为唐大明宫含元殿遗址出土的部分莲花纹瓦当。图164为唐大明宫含元殿遗址出土的部分表面处理的烧结铺地砖和筒瓦、板瓦。

图163:唐大明宮含元殿遗址出土的部分莲花纹瓦当（样品藏大明宮遭址含元殿展览馆，照片摄于含元殿展览馆世界砖瓦网）

(Tile ends with different lotus flower patterns were unearthed from Hanyuan palace site of Darning palace site in Xi'an city. Photos took from Hanyuan palace site. A.D.618 〜907)

图164:唐大明宮含元殿遗址出土的部分表面处理的烧结铺地砖和筒瓦、板瓦（A、大型青棍[黑色]素面铺地方砖边长50厘米，厚9厘朱：B、小型靑棍[黑色]素面铺地方砖，边长35厘米，厚7厘米；C、表面经打磨处理（靑棍）的筒瓦；D、大板瓦，宽36厘米，厚3.1厘朱；

E、花边重唇板瓦；样品藏大明宮遣址含元殿展览馆，照片摄于含元殿展览馆）

(The parts of paving bricks, semicylindrical tiles, segment tiles with double laciness and segment tile that surface were treated were unearthed from Hanyuan palace site of Darning palace site ot Tang dynasty in Xi'an city show in Fig. 164. We can see the “Qingun”paving brick and roofing tile, which are famously in histor>, of China. The bricks and tiles of surface polished, infliction colorant surface were excavated from Hanyuan palace site (A.D.663, more than 1300 years by this time) in ihe capital (Xi'an city) of Tang dynasty, which was “Qinggun” brick and tile that was recorded after in the book “Construction Ways and Means”(A.D.l 103 year, more than 900 years ago) in North Song dynasty. It is very unfominate that these methods of manufacture were lost. Photos took from Hanyuan palace site.)

图165:唐大明宮含元殿遗址出土的部分琉璃筒瓦（样品藏大明宮遗址含元殿展览馆，照片摄于含元殿展览馆世界砖瓦网）(The parts of Liuli (colored glaze) semicylindrical tiles were unearthed from Hanyuan palace (A.D.663. more than 1300 years by this time) of Tang dynasty show in Fig. 165. Photos took from Hanyuan palace site)

在含元殿遗址还发现了绿釉、墨绿釉、褐色釉的琉璃筒瓦（图165)。在琉璃瓦的制作上似乎采用了唐三彩的技艺。试想唐代高台大殿屋顶上的琉璃瓦筒瓦和青棍瓦组成的屋面，必定富丽堂皇。