2017年医学博士考试《外语》真题及详解

2017年医学博士考试《外语》真题

(总分100, 考试时间90分钟)

Section A

1. Rheumatologist advises that those with ongoing aches and pains first seek medical help to______ the problem.

A affiliate

B alleviate

C aggravate

D accelerate

答案:B

解析：风湿病学家建议，那些持续疼痛和痛苦的人首先应该借助医疗来缓解问题。affiliate"接纳，为……工作"，alleviate"减少，减缓"，aggravate"增加"，accelerate"加速"。根据题意，正确答案为B。

2. An allergy results when the body have a(n)______reaction to certain substances introduced to it.

A spontaneous

B negative

C adverse

D prompt

答案:C

解析：当身体对某种外来物质产生不良反应时，就会出现过敏现象。spontaneous"同时的"，negative"负面的"，adverse"不利的"，prompt"立刻的"。在有关过敏的语境里，一般"不良反应"用an adverse reaction，而不用negative，正确答案为C。

3. Diabetes is one of the most______and potentially dangerous diseases in the world.

A crucial

B virulent

C colossal

D prevalent

答案:D

解析：糖尿病是世界上最普遍的潜在危险疾病之一。crucial"至关重要的"，virulent"有毒的"，colossal"庞大的"，prevalent"流行的，常见的"，本题正确答案为D。

4. Generally, vaccine makers______the virus in fertilized chicken eggs in a process that can take four to six months.

A penetrate

B designate

C generate

D exaggerate

答案:C

解析：一般来说，疫苗制造者可以在受精的鸡蛋中产生病毒，这个过程会持续四到六个月。penetrate"穿透"，designate"指定"，generate"生产，产生"，exaggerate"夸张"。根据题意，正确答案为C。

5. Drinking more water is good for the rest of your body, helping to lubricate joints and______toxins and impurities.

A screen out

B knock out

C flush out

D rule out

答案:C

解析：多喝水对身体的器官是有益的，有助于润滑关节并冲洗掉毒素和杂质。screen out"筛查"，knock out"撞击"，flush out"冲刷"，role out"排除"。根据题意，本题正确答案为C。

6. Despite their good service provided, most inns are less expensive than hotels

of______standards.

A equivalent

B likely

C alike

D uniform

答案:A

解析：尽管同样提供优质的服务，大多数酒馆的消费要比同标准的旅馆的消费低。A项equivalent"相等的，等价的"，可做定语，最符合题意；B项likely"很可能的"，一般做表语；C项alike"相似的"，常在句中做表语，不做定语；D项uniform"一致的，统一的"。因此A为正确选项。

7. Chronic high-dose intake of vitamin A has been shown to have______effects on bones.

A adverse

B prevalent

C instant

D purposeful

答案:A

解析：维生素A的慢性高剂量摄入被证明对骨骼有不利影响。adverse"不利的"，prevalent"流行的"，instant"立刻的，即时的"，purposeful"有目的的，故意的"。根据题意，本题选择adverse。

8. According to the Geneva______no prisoners of war shall be subject to abuse.

A Customs

B Congresses

C Conventions

D Routines

答案:C

解析：《日内瓦公约》不允许虐待战犯。A项custom"习俗，海关(复)"；B项congress"国会"；C 项convention"公约"；D项routine"程序"。

9. Environmental officials insist that something be done to______acid rain.

A curb

B sue

C detoxify

D condemn

答案:A

解析：负责环境保护的官员强调我们要采取行动来抑制酸雨。B．sue"控告"；C．detoxify"使解毒"；D．condemn"谴责，声讨"。综合各选项，只有当A项填入空格，句意与逻辑相符，其余各选项句意均与逻辑相悖，故答案为A。

10. It is impossible to say how it will take place, because it will happen______, and it will not be a long process.

A spontaneously

B simultaneously

C principally

D approximately

答案:A

解析：不可能解释出它是怎么发生的，因为它自然发生，而且过程不会很长。spontaneously"自发地"，simultaneously"同时地"，principally"主要地"，approximately"近似地"。根据题意，正