热电联产机组集成热泵实现热电解耦的潜力与能耗特性分析
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LIU Zhongqiu1, ZHANG Guozhu1, QIU Yinchen1, ZHANG Juntai1, WANG Shan2, LIU Ming2
(1. Datang (Beijing) Energy Management Co. LTD., Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China; 2. School of Energy and Power Engineering(Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi Province, China)
KEY WORDS: heat and power cogeneration; heat pump; heat-power decoupling; power load rate; heat load rate
0 引言
截至 2018 年底，我国发电装机容量达 19.0 亿 kW，其中，火电占 60.20%(煤电占火电比例近 90%)、水电占 18.54%、核电占 2.35%、风电占 9.70%、太阳能发电占 9.19%。2018 年风电、太 阳能占总新增装机容量的 52.84%。未来数年，我 国可再生能源消费总量还将持续高速增长。风电、 光伏发电的随机性、间歇性较强，其大规模并网 给电网的安全稳定运行带来了负面影响。为提高 可再生能源的消纳能力，承担着全国 70%以上发 电量的火电机组须承担电网的调峰任务[1]。
The influences of the heat pump performance coefficient, the power load rate and the heat load rate on energy consumption characteristics of CHP plants were also studied. Results show that the compression heat pump can save energy on benchmark condition and its power load regulation range is also greater. The coal saving rate increases with the increase of COP1 and heat load rate, and decreases as power load rate increases. When the COP1 is 6.119, the heat load rate is 2.5, and the electric load rate is 0.8, the coal saving rate is 2.60%.
（1．大唐(北京)能源管理有限公司，北京市 海淀区 100097； 2．动力工程多相流国家重点实验室(西安交通大学)，陕西省 西安市 710049）
Analyses on Heat-Power Decoupling Potential and Energy Consumption
Characteristics for CHP Plant Integrated With Heat Pump
摘要：在热电联产机组中集成机械式热泵可以实现热电 解耦，并影响机组的能耗特性。以某 350MW 热电联产机 组为例，建立了供热机组变工况计算模型以及机械式热 泵供热计算模型，比较了热电联产机组采用抽汽供热和 压缩式热泵供热时最低电负荷率及煤耗量的差别，同时 研究了热泵性能系数、电负荷率、热负荷率对机组能耗 特性的影响规律。结果表明：在基准工况下，压缩式热 泵供热较热电联产节能，且其机组的电负荷可调节范围 更大。压缩式热泵供热相比抽汽供热减少的煤耗量随着 热泵实际性能系数COP1、热负荷率增大而增大，随着电 负荷率增大而减少，COP1 为 6.119，热负荷率为 2.5，电 负荷率为 0.8 时，节煤率为 2.60%。
基金项目：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB0604405)；陕西省 创新能力支撑计划(2018TD-014)。
Project Supported by National Key Research and Development Program (2017YFB0602101); Shaanxi Province Innovation Capability Support Plan (2018TD-014).
关键词：热电联产；热泵；热电解耦；电负荷率；热负 荷率
ABSTRACT: The integration of heat pump can realize heat-power decoupling, and would influence the energy consumption characteristics of combined heat and power cogeneration plants (CHP). Therefore, a 350MW CHP unit was taken as a reference case, and the off-design calculation models of CHP unit and the heating calculation models of heat pump were established. The minimuபைடு நூலகம் power load rate and the coal consumption rate of the CHP plants with steam extraction and heat pump to supply heat were compared.
第 40 卷 第 3 期 2019 年 6 月
DOI：10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.19073
发电技术 Power Generation Technology
Vol. 40 No. 3 Jun. 2019
热电联产机组集成热泵实现热电解耦的
潜力与能耗特性分析
刘忠秋 1，张国柱 1，邱寅晨 1，张钧泰 1，王珊 2，刘明 2
(1. Datang (Beijing) Energy Management Co. LTD., Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China; 2. School of Energy and Power Engineering(Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi Province, China)
KEY WORDS: heat and power cogeneration; heat pump; heat-power decoupling; power load rate; heat load rate
0 引言
截至 2018 年底，我国发电装机容量达 19.0 亿 kW，其中，火电占 60.20%(煤电占火电比例近 90%)、水电占 18.54%、核电占 2.35%、风电占 9.70%、太阳能发电占 9.19%。2018 年风电、太 阳能占总新增装机容量的 52.84%。未来数年，我 国可再生能源消费总量还将持续高速增长。风电、 光伏发电的随机性、间歇性较强，其大规模并网 给电网的安全稳定运行带来了负面影响。为提高 可再生能源的消纳能力，承担着全国 70%以上发 电量的火电机组须承担电网的调峰任务[1]。
The influences of the heat pump performance coefficient, the power load rate and the heat load rate on energy consumption characteristics of CHP plants were also studied. Results show that the compression heat pump can save energy on benchmark condition and its power load regulation range is also greater. The coal saving rate increases with the increase of COP1 and heat load rate, and decreases as power load rate increases. When the COP1 is 6.119, the heat load rate is 2.5, and the electric load rate is 0.8, the coal saving rate is 2.60%.
（1．大唐(北京)能源管理有限公司，北京市 海淀区 100097； 2．动力工程多相流国家重点实验室(西安交通大学)，陕西省 西安市 710049）
Analyses on Heat-Power Decoupling Potential and Energy Consumption
Characteristics for CHP Plant Integrated With Heat Pump
摘要：在热电联产机组中集成机械式热泵可以实现热电 解耦，并影响机组的能耗特性。以某 350MW 热电联产机 组为例，建立了供热机组变工况计算模型以及机械式热 泵供热计算模型，比较了热电联产机组采用抽汽供热和 压缩式热泵供热时最低电负荷率及煤耗量的差别，同时 研究了热泵性能系数、电负荷率、热负荷率对机组能耗 特性的影响规律。结果表明：在基准工况下，压缩式热 泵供热较热电联产节能，且其机组的电负荷可调节范围 更大。压缩式热泵供热相比抽汽供热减少的煤耗量随着 热泵实际性能系数COP1、热负荷率增大而增大，随着电 负荷率增大而减少，COP1 为 6.119，热负荷率为 2.5，电 负荷率为 0.8 时，节煤率为 2.60%。
基金项目：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB0604405)；陕西省 创新能力支撑计划(2018TD-014)。
Project Supported by National Key Research and Development Program (2017YFB0602101); Shaanxi Province Innovation Capability Support Plan (2018TD-014).
关键词：热电联产；热泵；热电解耦；电负荷率；热负 荷率
ABSTRACT: The integration of heat pump can realize heat-power decoupling, and would influence the energy consumption characteristics of combined heat and power cogeneration plants (CHP). Therefore, a 350MW CHP unit was taken as a reference case, and the off-design calculation models of CHP unit and the heating calculation models of heat pump were established. The minimuபைடு நூலகம் power load rate and the coal consumption rate of the CHP plants with steam extraction and heat pump to supply heat were compared.
第 40 卷 第 3 期 2019 年 6 月
DOI：10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.19073
发电技术 Power Generation Technology
Vol. 40 No. 3 Jun. 2019
热电联产机组集成热泵实现热电解耦的
潜力与能耗特性分析
刘忠秋 1，张国柱 1，邱寅晨 1，张钧泰 1，王珊 2，刘明 2