第二课 句子成分和词性 2

英语中句子成分和单词的词性，是一个一直困扰很多同学学习的问题。老师在讲课时有时会用到如此的一些话：

A.动词的Ing形式作名词充当句子的主语。

Going on a diet can help you lose weight.

B.Though 引导一个状语从句，充当状语

Though he is young , he knows a lot.

C.名词转化成一个动词充当谓语。

The apartment houses five people.

Question :What do we students feel confused?

一、概念区分

句子的成分是

单词的词性是的

是两个独立的概念。

为什么需要我们分清楚词性。

一、分清名词和动词的用法

Ex.

1. Ill and illness

He couldn’t go to school, for he is seriously

the insect’s biting can cause serious .2.

Explain and explanation

The boy what had happened to the police .

his is not reasonable.

Operate operation (动作、手术等)

His operation had been very successful.

He a big group very successfully.

4. Hand(v) and hand(n)

We have two and two legs.

He me his paper last night.

二、分清形容词和副词的用法。

Slow and slowly

He is a walker. That is to say he walks

Successful successfully .

This meeting is very . That is to say they organized the meeting

Easy easily

No one could make money. That is to say no one could make money

简单练习用括号内词语的正确形式填空

1、The river runs _________________ down the hill. (gentle)

2、They’re living a _________________ life. (happy)

3、My purse was stolen on the bus yesterday. __________ (Fortunate幸运的), there was no money in it.

4. Mobile phones are _________ (wide) used in most of the cities in China.

5. To our surprise, he suddenly returned on a cold ______ (snow) night.

6. Allie asked me ______ (polite) to put the things away.

Conclusion:

第二节.句子的成分：

I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.

复习句子的主干

第一部分：主谓宾表

㈠主语

Jane is good at playing the piano.

She went out in a hurry.

Four plus four is eight.

The young should respect the old.

难点

To see is to believe.

Smoking is bad for health.

What he has said is true.

It is ...to do / it is ...that 句型

哪些词不能用于作主语？遇到了怎么处理？

㈡谓语

简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成

I saw the flag on the top of the hill?

He looked after two orphans.

难点：复合谓语

He can speak English well.

The young are going to have a party tomorrow.

This method has been used for years.

㈢表语

在系动词后的部分就是表语

常见的系动词有: be(am,is,are,were,was),appear,look,seem,

feel,smell,taste,sound,keep,turn,become, get,grow,come,go etc. (难点系动词的种类)

The apple tastes sweet

The war was over.

They seem to know the truth.

Time is precious.

I’m not quite myself today.

Who was the first?

He is out of condition.

The book is what I need

四、宾语

Show your passport, please.

She didn't say anything.

How many do you want? - I want two.

They sent the injured to hospital.

They want to see my passport.

I enjoy working with you. （难点：哪些动词后直接后动词的ing 形式）

Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句的时态、顺序和连接词）

以下结构要会用：it 作形式宾语

Find it ... To do

Think it ....to do think it ... That

第二部分定状补（略讲）

㈥定语

He is a clever boy.

His father works in a steel work.