2015年大学英语四级考试(新题型)模拟试卷

2015年大学英语四级考试（新题型）模拟试卷Part I Writing.(30 minutes)
1、1．目前，一些城市开始推行垃圾分类
2．垃圾分类的重要性
3．为此．我们应该……
The Importance of Waste Sorting
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Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
2、听音频：
根据听力，回答2-26题：
A．Go fishing．
B．Entertain at home．
C．Work at home．
D．Have a lest．
3、
A．She is very fired of physics。

B．She is too busy to work on chemistry.
C．She hasn't got a chemistry partner yet．
D．She prefers physics to chemistry．
4、
A．He gets a sore throat in the meeting．
B．Re feels hard to recover．
C．He is uneasy about his performance．
D．He looks down on himself．
5、
A．Change his mind．
B．Go swimming with others．
C．Finish his book report．
D．Answer his letters．
6、
A．She hasn't finished the reading．
B．She does n’t want to plebe Lyonnaise.
C．She doesn't like the book．
D．She would not hand in the report．
7、
A．ht sist on a discount．
B．Pick up some colleagues.
C．Buy some fresh apple pies．
D．Make a call．to his co—worker．
8、
A．T—he mall should work harder.
B．The man cart pass the course.
C．The man should have a try．
D．The man must think twice．
9、
A．The woman will go for a ride around the town tomorrow．
B．The woman has lent her car to her sister for tomorrow use。

C．The man will drive his mother around town tomorrow．
D．The man will go shopping in the supermarket tomorrow．
10、根据听力，回答题：
A．She spoils her daughter so much in the daily life。

B．She thinks there are,many traps on the Internet．
C．She balances the negative and．positive sides of the Internet．D．She prefers to discipline her daughter to study hard．
11、
A．He normally practices oral English every day．
B．He always speaks English with his best friend．
C．He often practices English on the Internet．
D．He gets many free materials about oral English．
A．Talk more about Internet．
B．Download QQ from the Internet．
C．Chat in English on the Internet．
D．Persuade more people to use Internet．
13、根据听力，回答题：
A．The flu the man suffered from．
B．The earthquake they experienced．
C．The proper response to an earthquake．
D．The disaster canned by an earthquake．
14、
A．He stayed in bed．
B．He tried to get outside．
C．He cried for help．
D．He hided in the kitchen．
15、
A．He thought the noise was caused by the flu．
B．He promptly realized an earthquake happened．
C．He went downstairs and screamed．
D．He went back to his bedroom to sleep．
16、
A．The man survived from the earthquake for his proper reaction．B．The man’s house fell down during the earthquake．
C．All the people in the caf6 escaped from the earthquake．D．The radio guided people to react right in the earthquake．
17、根据听力，回答题：
A．The manner and ability to grasp main idea．
B．The speed and efficiency of reading．
C．The type and intentions of reading．
D．The pace and step of reading．
18、
A．Read fast．
B．Proceed more slowly．
C．Re—read several times.
D．Take in the whole．
19、
A．The spelling and meaning of words．
B．The general meaning of the text．
C．The exact shape and order of letters．
D．The details of the text．
20、根据听力，回答题：
A．Most people carl bear the losing of their wallets but not cell phones．B．Most people admit mobile phones are the“remote control”for life．C．Most people must live with their mobile phones．
D．Most people owned more than one mobile phone．
21、
A．They are afraid of missing their phone．
B．They fear to miss something．
C．They feel scared without the phone on．
D．They feel depressed by missing something．
22、
A．They have brought in the new way of communication．
B．They have explored more chances to communicate．
C．They have strengthened the relationship between people．
D．They have altered the character of relationships．
23、根据听力，回答题：
A．Target every possibility．
B．Focus on a specific aspect of a job．
C．Keep an eye on some occasions．
D．Ensure every ancient way．
24、
A．It is a precious experience．
B．It can be the approach to a job．
C．It can enrich work experiences．
D．It is the perfect solution．
25、
A．Call the manager to ask for another interview．
B．Write a thank-you note for the interview．
C．Make a clean break to restart．
D．Find any available interview．
26、
A．They have professional knowledge to teach you．
B．They have the same experience to share with you．
C．They have the．power to inspire you up.
D．They have precious insights and possibility to offer you a chance
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.
27、根据以下资料，回答27-36题：
Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke was named Person of the Year by Time magazine on Wednesday, 36 him a helping hand as he tries to ward off 37 that might weaken the Fed’s independence．
The selection puts the mild．mannered Bernanke，a former professor，in the company of U．S．President Barack Obama。

Pope John Paul II and Russian President Vladimir Putin．
among other 38 world figures the magazine has picked in past years．
The Senate is considering Bernanke’s 39 to a second term to head the Fed—the U．S．Central bank-and while he is expected to win 40 ，criticism of the Fed among the purified and members of Congress is at its highest in decades．
The Fed worries that congressional second-guessing of its policy 41 would compromise its fiercely-guarded independence．
One poll by Rasmussen Reports showed public support for Bernanke’s nomination at a scant 21 percent，with 41 percent 42opposition，but he continues to enjoy support on Wall Street and among many lawmakers．
“Ben is the person that 43us from going over the edge of the danger and into the abyss(深渊)，”said fondler Fed Governor Lyle Gram ley．now a Senior economic adviser at Soleus Securities．
But Republican Senator Jim Bunnin9，one of the Fed’s sharpest critics，said Time’s pick was a reward for“failure”．
“Many of the problems our markets are facing right now could have been 44had Chairman Bemadam not been asleep at the switch(玩忽职守，错过机会)．”Bumming said．in a statement．
Time credited the 56-year-old Bernanke with 45 leadership that helped set the U.S，economy a path to recovery even as he and other policy makers remain concerned about a high unemployment rate,of 10 percent．
A．avoided
B．confirmation
C．creative
D．cute
E．decisions
F．denied
G．giving
H．kept
I．nomination
J．policies
K．prominent
L．promotion,
M．proposals
N．putting
O．stating
36.__________
28、37.__________
29、38.__________
30、39.__________
31、40.__________
32、41.__________
33、42.__________
34、43.__________
35、44.__________
36、45.__________
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
37、根据以下资料，回答37-46题：
The Case for Killing Granny
A．My mother wanted to die，but the doctors wouldn't let her．At least that’s the way it seemed to me as I stood by her bed hi an intensive—care unit,at a hospital in Hilton Head，S．C，five years ago．My mother was 79，a longtime smoker who was dying of emphysema(肺气肿)．She knew that her quality of life was increasingly tied to an oxygen tank。

That she was losing her ability to get about，and that she was slowly drowning，The doctors at her bedside were contrarotating various tests and procedures to keep her alive．but my mother．with a certain firmness I recognized，
said no。

She seemed puzzled and a bit frustrated that she had to be so insistent on her own death．
B．The hospital at my mother's assisted—living facility was sustained by Medicare，which pays by the procedure．I don’t think the doctors w ere trying to be greedy by pushing more treatments on my- mother．That’s just the way the system works．The doctors were responding to the expectations of almost all patients．As a doctor friend of mine puts it．“Americans want the best，they want the latest，
and they want it now．”we expect doctors to make heroic efforts-especially to save our lives and the fives of our loved ones。

C．The idea that we might ration health care to seniors(or lonely elsE． is political curse．Politicians do not dare breathe the word，lest they be accused-however wrongly-of trying to pull the plug on
Grandma．But the need to spend less money on the elderly at the end of life is the elephant in the room in the health,reform debate．Everyone sees it but no one wants to talk about it．At a more basic level．
Americans are afraid not just of dyin9．but of talking and thinking about death．Until Americans learn to regard death as more than a scientific challenge to be overcoat，our health—care system will remain unfixable．
D．Compared with other Western countries，the United States has more health care—but，generally
speakin9，not better health care．There is no way we can get control of costs，which have grown by nearly 50 percent in the past decade。

without finding a way to stop over eating patients．In his address to Congress，President,Obama spoke airily about reducing inefficiency。

but he slid past the hard choices t：hat will have to be made to stop health care from devouring ever-larger slices of the economy and tax dollar．A significant portion of the savings will have to come from the money we spend on seniors at the end of life because，as Willie Sutton explained about why he rubbed banks，that’s where the money’is．
E．As President Ob mna said．most of the uncontrolled growth in federal spending and the deficit cones from Medicare；nothing else comes close．Almost a third of the money spent by Medicare…about $66.8 bi]lion a year-goes to chronically ill patients in the last，two years of life．This might seem obvious…of smartarse the Costs come at the end，when patients are the sickest．But that can’t explain what researchers at Dartmouth have discovered：Medicare spends twice as much on similar patients in sonic parts of the country as hi others．The average cost of a Medicare patient in Miami is$1 6．351：the average in Honolulu is $5，311．In the．Bronx，N．Y．，it’s $12，543。

In Far90，N．D．$5，738．1ittle average Medicare patient,undergoing end—of-life treatment spends 2 1。

9 days in a blam_hat tan hospital．In Mason City，Iowa，he or she spends only 6．1 days．
F．An this treatment does not necessarily buy better care．In fact。

the Dartmouth studies have found
worse outcomes in many states and cities where there is more health care．Why?Because just+going Into the hospital has risks-of infection，or error，or other lm foreseen complications．Some studies estimate that Americas are over treated by roughly 30 percent．—It's not about rationing care-that’s always the bogeyman(魔鬼)people
use to block reform，”says Dr．Elliott Fisher，a professor’at Dartmouth Medical School．“The real problem．is unnecessary and unwanted care．”
G．But how do you decide which treatments to cut out?How do you choose between the necessary and the unnecessary?There has been talk among experts and lawmakers of giving more power to a panel of government experts to decide-Britain has one，called the National Institute for Health and Clinical
Excellence(known by the somewhat ironic acronym NICE．．But no one wants the horror stories of
denied care and long waits that are said to plague state—run national health·care systems．After the summer of angry town halls，no politician is going to get anywhere near something that could be called a“death panel”．
H．Ever-rising health—care spending now consumes about l7 percent of the economy，At the current rote of increase。

it will devour a fifth of GDP by 2018。

We cannot afford to sustain a productive economy with so much．money going to health care．Over tinle，economic reality may force us to adopt a
national health·care system like Britain’s or Canada's．But before that day arrives，there are stops we can take to reduce costs without totally turning the system inside out．
I．Other initiatives ensure that the elderly get counseling about end—of-life issues．Although demagogue (蛊惑民心的政客)as a“death panel”，a program in Wisconsin to get patients to talk to their doctors about how they want to deal win death was actually an outstanding success．A study by the Archives of Intermale Medicine shows that such conversations between doctors and patients call decrease costs by about 35 percent--while improving the quality of life at the end．
J．Patients should be encouraged to draft living wills to make their end．of-life desires known．
Unfortunately，such paper can be useless if there is a family member at the bedside demanding heroic measures．“A lot of the tittle guilt is playing a role，”says Dr．David Tokharian，a surgeon and CEO of the Massachusetts General Physicians Organization．Doctors can feel guilty．too—about overtreating Patients roric Diana．recalls his unease over operating to treat a severe heart infection in a woman with two forms of metastatic(转移)cancer who was already comatose(昏迷的).The family insisted．
K．Studies show that about 70 percent of people want to die at home—but that about half die in hospitals．
There has been an important hl-crease in hospice(临终关怀病房)or palliative (缓解的)care--keeping patients with．incurable diseases as comfortable as possible while they live out the remainder of their lives．Hospice services are generally intended for the terminally ill in the last six months of life，but as a practical matter, many people receive hospice care for only a few weeks.
L．That's what my mother wanted. After convincing the doctors that she meant it--that she really was ready to die--she was transferred from the ICU to a hospice, where, five days later, she passed away. In the ICU, as they removed all the monitors and pulled out all the tubes and wires, she made a shaking motion with her hands. She seemed to be signaling goodbye to all that--I'm free to go in peace.
Receipting counseling about end-of-life issues may improve the patients' quality of life at the end.
38、Medicare is the main reason of the majority of the uncontrolled growth in federal spending and the deficit.
39、The aim of the hospice is to make patients with fatal illnesses comfortable.
40、How to stop over treating patients is vital to control the costs of US health care spending.
41、Doctors are generally expected to make their utmost effort when it comes to the lives of our own and our beloved ones.
42、If the rising money on health care isn't reduced, it is likely that the US may not maintain a productive economy.
43、The medicare spending on patients with similar disease varies significantly in different parts of the country.
44、In the US, a panel of government experts was once intended to be established to cut out unnecessary treatment.
45、A family member of the dying patients may demand heroic measures out of guilt.
46、More health care may lead to undesirable medical results because receiving treatment in hospital itself involves risks like unpredictable complications Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
47、根据听力，回答47-56题：
Complaining aboulic faulty goods or bad service is never easy．If something you have bought is faulty,you are actually not 26to get it。

put fight．It is the
shopkeeper’s responsibility to take the complaint seriously and to 27or repair a faulty article，because he is the person with whom you have 28．
On the other hand．the manufacturer may have a．part to play but that comes later．Complaints should be made to a 29 person．Go back to that，shop，taking with you any 30you may have．Ask to see the buyer in a large store．In a small store，the 31may also be the owner，so you can complain direct．In a chain store ask：to see the manager．If you telephone，ask the name of the person who 32your inquiry．Otherwise，you may never find out who dealt with the complaint later．Even the bravest person finds it difficult to stand up in a group of people to complain．Write a letter and 33 when you don't want to do it in person．At this stage you should give any receipt numbers，but you should not need to give receipts or other papers to 34 you bought the article．If you are not satisfied with the answer you get，or if you do not get a __35__ ，write to the director．Be sure to keep copies of your own letters and any that you receive．
26.__________
48、27.__________
49、28.__________
50、29.__________
51、30.__________
52、31.__________
53、32.__________
54、33.__________
55、34.__________
56、35.__________
Part II Listening Comprehension.(30 minutes)
Part III Reading Comprehension.(40 minutes)
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
57、根据以下资料，回答57-66题：
Mothers really do favour their “precious first borns”over the children they have later, research has found.
Among examples of attention lavished (慷慨给予．on the "precious firstborns" (PFBs．were tales of how mothers cub bed shampoo into their own eyes before using it on their baby to ensure it wouldn't sting, and pulling their prams (婴儿车．backwards for miles to keep the sun off their adored offspring.
While they will conscientiously disinfect (消毒．everything that comes into contact with their PFB and change them up to 150 times a week, their later children have to make do with items licked clean by the dog and stew (炖，焖．in their own juices until their parents are ready to deal with them.
The term PFB and its poorer sibling the Neglected Subsequent Children (NSCs．were coined bymembers of the parenting website Mumsnet.
Among the tales reported was one of a mother that used a hairdryer on her baby's bottom after changing her.
"She was chatting to her neighbor and asked if they were ever disturbed by her crying. "
"The neighbor assured her they were not, but that they had been woken once or twice by what sounded like a hairdryer. "
Another serf-obsessed mother turned down an invitation of a friend and her baby's christening party because she thought her own child's "total gorgeousness would show their baby up and make them feel bad".
Another confirmed the differing hygiene (卫生学．practices used for Child One and Two, saying: "" First child, suck able items must be disinfected in Milton or steam after they're dropped on the floor. Second child: items must be wiped over with a clean damp cloth. Third child: give them to the dog to lick clean. "Justine Roberts, co-founder of Mumsnet, told the reporters that most mothers would agree they treated the first child differently to later children.
"Precious First Born syndrome is something-we can all relate to--most muns will confess to having checked on their sound asleep firstborns several times a night, while neglected subsequent children are liable to bawl for an age before we even notice," she said.
What does the phrase "stew in their own juices" in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Do not take any measures.
B．Stand what has happened
C．Think about solutions themselves..
D．Cry for possible assistance.
58、According to the passage, the terms PFB and NSCs_____
A．were created by the members of Mumsnet
B．are quite popular among American parents
C．were named the word of 2009 by a U. S. website
D．can be found in traditional U.S. dictionaries like Webster
59、Concerning mothers' hygiene practices, what can be inferred from the passage? A．Every mother applies distinctive methods.
B．Each mother complies with different standards.
C．Not every mother does the job conscientiously.
D．Mothers' practices vary from one child to another.
60、According to the last paragraph, how do mothers treat the first child differently to later children?
A．They will go to see the first child from time to time at night.
B．They will stop the firstborns from crying before they notice.
C．They won't confirm whether the later children are sleeping soundly. D．They won't take care of the neglected subsequent children at night.
61、The passage is mainly talking about______
A．the fact that mothers really do favour their first children
B．tales of how mothers treat the firstborns differently to later children C．the reason why mothers favour their firstborns over the subsequent children D．phenomena that have some connection with Precious First Born syndrome
62、根据以下资料，回答62-71题：
Graduating seniors may face higher risk for job burnout (筋疲力尽，枯竭．than their parents' generation, say business and career experts.
One of those grads,22-year-old Ruth Igielnik, kicked off her career just weeks after graduating from the University of Maryland.
Igielnik should be familiar with stretching her boundaries. She admits classes were an "after thought" during the past year because she toiled from two to five hours every school night as student overseer of 300campus groups.
But new grads in entry-level career jobs should resist early urges to sacrifice personal time in exchange for a faster climb to the top, warns career consultant Alexandra Levit, specializing in so-called millennials, the generation born from about 1980 to 1995. "You have to go out of your way to safeguard your time, but you have to go about it more subtly," she says. "It you sacrifice too much of your personal life at the start, you risk having a stressful, unbalanced life that's permanent. "
in the next two to four years，retiring manager baby boomers will trigger a．wave of new openings for high-responsibility jobs。

says Levit。

A lot of those jobs will be filled by less-experienced workers-many’of them miUennials．“They're going
to be given the responsibility they crave—because there’s No one else to take it．”Levit says．“Their sense of entitlement and their over—ambition are going to create a lot of stress for them．”
A friend of Igieinik's,Merak Fine。

is taking a few weeks off before joining the work：force as a legal assist{mt at a small law firm．Fine jokes that—after a heavy class schedule and all intense internship school has left her burned out before she’s even begun her career．So she worries that her career might steal time she should spend with friends and family．
Compared the previous generations，many millennials are protesting again．st the idea that work is life.They’re intent on finding jobs that are meaningful both personally and to the community and the Environment．
“The things that this generation is asking for--flexibility，balance，opportunities-are all things that
Previous generations wilted，”says Dan Black，top campus recruiter at Ernst＆Young．“But they feel much more embolden,erned(使勇敢)to ask for these things．They know they’re going to be a bigger part of the work force．”
When at school during the past year。

Eightieth
A．was keen on socializing
B．had to work every night
C．was the leader of Student Union
D．spent most of her time studying
63、Career consultant Alexandra Levit warns green hand workers that they should A．endeavor to protect,their own time skillfully
B．balance their personal life．and their work
C．keep down their urges to be promoted faster
D．start their work with．a relaxed attitude
64、What view does Levit hold for millennial?
A．She considers they are eager to be Sven responsibility．
B．She believes they will become experienced in two to four years．
C．She guesses they will face Indore stress from fierce competitions．
D．She feels they are,so ambitious that nobody call compete with them。

65、What do we know about Merak Fine from the passage?
A．She has enjoyed a relaxed campus life．
B．She is good at balancing life and work．
C．She is going on a vacation at the moment．
D．She is working as all assistant in a law firm．
66、What can we learn about the millennial generation from the last paragraph?
A．It’s much more flexible than previous generations in social life。

B．It has higher expectation for balance than previous generations．
C．It tends to seek for more opportunities than．previous generations．
D．It’s braver in purging what they want than previous generations．
Part IV Translation.(30minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
67、
上海是一座朝气蓬勃、充满活力、多姿多彩的国际大都市(metropolis)。

改革开放以来，上海变化之大令髓人瞩目。

经济高速发展，社会秩序稳定，人民安居乐业，呈现出一片繁华气象。

今天，尽管上海还有着不少色彩斑斓的过去研以留恋和回味，但城市日新月异的面貌却使越来越多的世人折服。

浦西展示了上海的辉煌岁月，浦东展现了上海的美好前景。