翻译入门2011-9-11A

英汉翻译入门

I.Introduction 引言

1.D efinition of Translation 翻译之定

义七定义

①Translating is the art of composing

a work in another language without losing its original flavor.----Columbia Encyclopedia

②Translating is the replacement of textual material in one language by equivalent textual in another language.----J.C.Cartford

2.C riteria of Translation 翻译之标

准

①The most popular and acclaimed

criterion was the three characters as faithfulness ,expressiveness, and elegance or refinement raised by Yan Fu.

②译书自以能存真为第一要义……最好一面极力求不失愿意，一面要译文流畅。--郑振铎duo

③译者不但要求达意，并且要以传神为目的，译文必须忠于原文之字神句气与言外之意。--林语堂

3.I s Translation Easy?

①He is easily the best student in the class. 他绝对/无疑是班上最好的学生。

②I can’t agree more. 我完全同意。

劳累-hard labor 苦工-hard work

③Do you have a family? 你有孩子了吗？

4. Literal Translation vs. Liberal Translation

Wasted and withering years 蹉跎岁月Just to reap easy-to-reach profit 坐收近水楼台之利

He bent solely upon profit

他这个人唯利是图。

It indeed makes a good story.

真是无巧不成书。

She is in love with him.她暗恋他。Commit no nuisance.禁止在此小便。

I can’t help it.我没辙，没法。

I found myself at the foot of a hill.

我发现自己来到了一座小山脚。

People want to buy more birds than I have.人们想买光我所有的鸟。

岂有此理。This is outrageous.

不要嫁祸于人。

Don’t shift the misfortune onto another.

趣味横生。Full of wit and interest.

他这个人从来不管什么三七二十一。

He is a person always casting all caution to the winds.

5. Translatability

比赛中我们赢了对手。

We beat/defeat our rival in the contest.

教师答应她请假三天。

The teacher agreed she could have three days’ leave.

他想要一台冰箱，但他目前没有钱买。

He wants a refrigerator, but he can’t afford one at present.

身体不好，年轻人就不能担当起这一任务。

If in poor health, youth can hardly shoulder this task.

人民犯了法，也要受处罚，也要坐班房，也有死刑。

Anyone who breaks the law, they too should be punished, imprisoned, or even sentenced to death.

她满意地走了。

She went away satisfy/satisfied.

听了这个故事，他心里很不舒服。

After hearing the story, he felt uncomfortable.

This is the official kind of strike.

这是装模作样的罢工。

He carries his age astonishingly well.他举止老道，言谈成熟。

We cannot possibly forget it.

我们无论如何也不会忘记。

She found her tongue with difficulty.

她能很费劲地说话了。

I am a little under the weather.

我有点儿不舒服。

What shall I go in? 我该参加什么？

The photo flatters her. 她很适合照相。

It will get you nowhere.

你这样是行不通的。

This is a silly argument in the wake of history.

这是历史长河中的一次愚蠢争论。

He is all there as a teacher.

他是个头脑清醒的教师。

Next to wife, good wife is best.

再论老婆，贤妻最好。

The “privacy of indifference” rang a bell somewhere.

“无关紧要之隐私”这句话，似曾在哪里听到过。

The English house does not shout its presence.

英国的名门望族不喜好大肆张扬。

6. Basic Differences between English