基于单片机的太阳能热水器控制的设计

I 基于单片机的太阳能热水器控制的设计

摘要

目前，中国已成为世界上最大的太阳能热水器生产国，年产量约为世界各国之和。但是与之相配套的太阳能热水器控制器却一直处在研究与开发阶段。现在的这种控制器只具有温度和液位显示功能,而且为分段显示。他不具有温度控制功能,当由于天气原因而光强不足时，就会给热水器用户带来不便。鉴于国内太阳能热水器市场不断扩大，而与其相配套的控制器却急需改进的情况下，研制了这套太阳能热水器控制器。本文设计的太阳能热水器是以89C52单片机为检测控制核心，不仅实现了温度、水位两种参数的实时显示功能，而且具有温度设定与控制功能。控制器可以根据天气情况利用辅助加热装置使蓄水箱内的水温达到预先设定的温度，从而达到24小时供应热水的目的。实际应用结果表明，该控制器和以往的显示仪相比具有性价比高、温度控制与显示精度高、使用方便和性能稳定等优点，提高了我国太阳能应用领域控制水平，具有可观的经济效益和社会效益。

太阳能热水器因利用太阳能、无污染、使用方便、长期使用投入费用低等特点而备受人们青睐。本设计介绍了一种以89C52单片机为核心构成的太阳能热水器智能控制器的设计方法,给出了系统硬件设计及软件实现方法。本设计以单片机89C52为核心，将来自温度和水位检测传感器的信号经过调理、A/D转化后送入单片机，一方面通过LED 显示当前温度和水位值，另外一方面与温度和水位设定值进行比较、运算，根据结果发出相应的上水、加热指令，对热水器的温度和水位进行控。

关键词:太阳能热水器，单片机AT89C52，硬件设计，软件设计

II Design of Solar Water Heater Controller Based on MCU

ABSTRACT

At present, China has become the world's largest producer of solar water heater, with an annual output of around and around the world. However, matching with solar water heater controller has been in research and development stage. The controller now only display the temperature and level, but also for the sub-display. He did not have a temperature control function, when due to bad weather and lack of light, it will bring inconvenience to the water heater. In view of domestic solar water heater market expansion, and its matching controller is an urgent need to improve the situation, developed a set of solar water heater controller. In this paper, solar water heater is designed for the detection of single-chip control 89C52 core, not only of temperature, water level in the two parameters in real-time display and temperature setting and control functions. Controller according to weather conditions can make use of auxiliary heating device so that the temperature inside the water to reach pre-set temperature, so as to achieve a 24-hour hot water supply purposes. Practical application results show that the controller and compared to the previous display instrument with high performance-price ratio, temperature control and display high precision, easy-to-use and performance advantages of stability, improved control of our level of solar energy applications, with considerable economic benefits and social benefits.

Solar water heater due to the use of solar energy, pollution-free, easy to use, long-term use of low input costs and has been favored people. Introduced the design of a single-chip microcomputer 89C52 as the core consisting of solar water heater intelligent controller design method, given the system hardware design and software implementation. The design of single-chip microcomputer as the core 89C52, will come from the temperature and water level detection sensor signal conditioning, A / D transformed into single-chip, on the one hand through the LED displays the current value of temperature and water level, while on the one hand, and the temperature and compare the water level settings, computing, according to results issued by the Shang Shui, heating instructions, of the water heater to control temperature and water level.

KEY WORDS：Solar water heater, single-chip, hardware design, software design