解读中考阅读理解题(英语)

解读中考阅读理解题

【命题特点】

阅读理解题是中考英语测试中的重要题型。阅读题材丰富，涉及社会文化、风俗习惯、日常生活、科学技术等各个方面。阅读材料体裁多样，包括记叙文、议论文以及应用文等多种文体。阅读理解题主要是考查考生综合应用所学语言知识的能力，包括阅读能力、理解能力、归纳概括能力、逻辑推理能力以及对材料的评估能力等。就题型而言，主要有细节理解题、词义（句意）猜测题、推理判断题、数字计算题、主旨大意题（归纳概括题）等。

【解题技巧】

1．抓要点，有针对性地进行阅读。在通读短文之前，把文后的问题浏览一遍，做到心中有数。然后带着问题去阅读短文，边读边捕捉文中与问题相关的信息点，这样有助于抓住解决问题的关键。

2．把握住五个“W”和一个“H”。对于叙事题材的文章，在阅读全文时，要尽快抓住五个“W”（who，where，when，what，why）和一个“H”（how），即何人、何时、何地、因何原因发生了何事，事情怎样发展和发展结果如何。把握住了这些，就抓住了事件进展的全过程，即文章的详情和具体细节，做题时就会收到事半功倍的效果。

3．注意主题句，抓住关键句。一般来说，文章的开头或结尾往往是文章的中心思想所在。把握住全文的中心思想，这对理解全文是有帮助的。阅读中，不要因为个别生词而影响阅读速度和对全文整体意思的理解，可根据构词法知识和上下文意思来猜测词义。对于文章中出现的与日常生活相关的知识，答题时，可利用已学过的自然、社会科学等知识加以理解。

4．重点核对，加深理解。做完一篇短文后面的所有题目后，有必要回过头对答题有关的内容重新加以研读，或对个别理解模糊的关键词再次审核，以加深理解，澄清疑点，提高答题准确性。

【题型分析】

一、细节理解题

对于这种题型，考生能直接从原文找到信息，而且选项和原文在语言表述上也没有大的变化或仅仅在表达方式上稍作转化。在解这类题时，考生可以先看后面的题目，然后带着问题去阅读材料，最后采取“对号入座”的办法，把原文信息跟后面的题目对照，即可得到答案。下面以2013年河南省中考英语试题为例：Jessie felt her life so boring one summer day. She was tired of watching TV, she reah all her books, and her friends were on vacation. She wanted something different to do. Suddenly, she saw the lawn mower(割草机) sitting in the yard.

“Mom,”she shouted, “I think I will mow the lawn.” Her mom ran into the yard and

said, “Oh no, you don’t. You’ re too young to mow the lawn.”

1．In order to do something different, Jessie decided to.

A、read books

B、travel

C、mow the lawn

D、watch TV

根据文中的“Suddenly, she saw the lawn mower (割草机) sitting in the yard,”和“I think I will mow the lawn,”可知，答案为C。

Mom thought for a while and then decided to let jessie give it a try. After all,she was home and would keep an eye on her, Jessie already knew how to start the lawn mower from watching her dad. Jessie checked the gas(汽油) to make sure it was full, and put on her gardening gloves to protect her hands. Mom watched from the kitchen window. Jessie really did know how to mow the lawn. She was very careful around the flowers and trees. When she finished, she felt so good, but she was so hot. Mom brought her soms ice tea and said, “You sure did a great job. Dad will be very surprised.”

1．Before Jessie mowed the lawn, she .

A、washed her hands

B、bought some gas

C、read some instructions

D、put on her gloves

根据文中的“Jessie checked the gas(汽油) to make sure it was full, and put on her gardening gloves to protect her hands.”可知，在开始割草前，Jessie检查了汽油确保它是满的，然后戴上园艺手套保护手。答案为D。

For example, you may see someone putting on a heavy jacket. This is the effect. To look for a cause, think to yourself, “What would make someone put on a heavy jacket?”Maybe the person is going outside into very cold weather. Maybe the person works in the penguin pen(企鹅圈养地) at Sea World. Maybe the person is going to visit an ice skating rink where the air is kept very cold. All of there things could be a cause for putting on a heavy jacket.

1．According to the second paragraph, which of the following is an effect?

A、Someone puts on a heavy jacket.

B、S omeone works in the penguin pen

C、S omeone will go outside into cold weather.

D、Someone will go to visit an ice skating rink.

根据文中的“For example, you may see someone putting on a heavy jacket. This is the effect.”可知，看见某人穿上厚夹克衫，这是一个结果。B项、C项、D项都是推测产生这种结果的原因。答案为A。

Now, think about a second example. The effect is a boy named Abi has to go to the head teacher’s office. What are the possible causes? Maybe he bullied(欺负) another student. Maybe he is just being picked up early. Maybe he is being given a prize!