令人折服的BAUER宝华压缩机氦气回收系统

Circuit: from helium liquefaction via recovery to reutilisation 封闭循环利用回路：从氦气回收、液化、 到二次利用 BAUER convincing helium recovery: tailor-made & absolutely gastight

令人折服的宝华氦气回收系统：量身订造 + 100%气密性

A company working for more than 60 years successfully in the field of high pressure system engineering for air for respiration, industrial air and technical gases has been intensively

engaged in the process of helium condensation for many years. As a result, the company

supplies complete recovery systems, mostly to research laboratories of universities and

institutes, worldwide - tailor-made and absolutely gastight. The system offered comprises gas compressor plants as well as the gas balloon and gas processing and storage.

60多年高压压缩领域的历史，从呼吸空气到工

艺气体，德国宝华压缩机系统工厂多年来致力

于氦气回收系统研发。在宝华，这里有完备的

气体回收系统，其客户遍及全球各个大学和科

研院所的实验室和检测工厂。宝华提供系统定

制服务，保证100%的气体密封性。宝华的气

体回收系统包括气体压缩机站、气囊、气体处

理和存储系统。

Liquid helium as a cooling medium is an

increasing important factor within the natural

sciences during research and operation of

sensitive equipment. However, only limited quantities of the coveted resource helium can be obtained by natural gas extraction. Therefore, efforts are being made to operate helium in closed circuits. In liquefaction plants, helium is cooled down until it is a liquefied

gas at -269 °for nuclear magnetic resonance tomograph) and highly sensitive sensors with low noise etc. are operated. The exhausted helium gas is collected, condensed and re-fed to the liquefaction

process.

作为冷却介质，液体氦气在自然科学领域的高灵敏度设备研发与使用过程中扮演着越来越重要的角色。但在天然气萃取过程中，仅有极少量的氦气能够获得。因而，能在封闭回路中无损失的使用氦气是人们一直以来的追求。在液化装置中，氦气需达到-269 °C 才能被冷却为液体氦。

伴随这种低温液体，相应的设备包括超导体（如核磁共振断层扫描仪）以及静音型高灵敏传感器等被操作应用。冷却过程中排放的氦气通过收集、压缩、冷凝过滤，重新回到液化处理环节。 Properties and extraction

氦气属性与萃取

is very light and is therefore very well suited as an inert filling gas for Zeppelins. 1 l liquid helium gas has a weight of about 130 g and results in about 730 l of gas when it is heated to room temperature.

氦气是除氢气外最轻的元素。氦气属惰性气体，具有高度的扩散性，其沸点为-269 °C(4.2 Kelvin)，为所有气体中最低。正因为其密度低、质量轻的特点，氦气作为惰性气体成为齐柏林飞船充气气体的不二之选。1升液体氦的重量约为130克，加热至常温时，其体积增至730升。

Unlike many other industrial gases which are directly extracted from the air by distillation, this is not possible with helium. Helium can only be extracted economically from helium-rich natural gas sources (helium content exceeding 2 %). Such sources are rare. At present, there are only four relevant sources worldwide. Wyoming/USA, Orenburg/Russia, Sonatrach/Algeria and a small source in Poland.

多数的工业气体通常是直接蒸馏萃取，但这一方法对氦气并不可行。而获得氦气唯一经济可行的途径是从富含氦气的天然气（氦气含量为2%以上）中萃取。这类天然气极其罕见。目前，此类

富含氦气的天然气来源仅有4处：Wyoming（美国）、Orenburg（俄罗斯）、Sonatrach（阿尔及利亚）以及波兰某地。

The helium is separated from the rest by gas distillation, stored first and then transported at ambient pressure as a volume-saving liquid in special vacuum-superisolated tank containers (about 40 000 l). In local distribution centres, the helium is decanted into smaller containers for delivery to the end user; 1 l liquid helium costs at present about 7 to 10 Euros.

氦气通过蒸馏与其他气体分离后首先是存储，之后是以液体状态在围压条件下运输。运输过程中所使用的容器是特制的超绝缘型真空槽罐。在运送至当地配送中心后，氦气被分灌到多个小型气瓶中再发送至终端客户。目前，1升氦气的价格通常在7至10欧元。

Fields of application

应用领域

Gaseous helium is used, as already mentioned, in aerial navigation, as a protective gas for diverse processes (chemistry, metallurgy, semiconductor production), as search gas for leakage measurements (among others for testing air conditioning plants in the automobile industry), during diving as a diving gas mixture as well as an inert coolant for special machine applications. 如上所诉，气态氦气多用于航空领域，在化学、冶金及半导体生产中作为保护性气体，在汽车工业中用作空气调节装置的泄露测量，并用作潜水气体以及专用机械中的冷却剂。

Helium in its liquid form is almost the exclusive choice as a cooling medium for optimising certain material characteristics at low temperatures. By the transition from the normally conductive into the superconductive state, for example strong magnets and, as a result, giant magnetic fields can be generated (e.g. nuclear magnetic resonance tomograph). Also, with a decreasing temperature, the electronic noise is reduced so that the signal-noise ratio can be considerably optimised with increasingly low temperatures (helium-cooled detectors).

在低温环境下，液体氦作为冷却介质，是提高部分物质物理特性利用率的最佳选择。例如，液体