2019山东淄博中考英语解析

淄博市2019年初中学业水平考试

英语试题

第I卷（选择题共42分）

(2019山东淄博) —、完形填空（共10小题, 满分10分）

阅读下面短文，从每小題A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。

(2019山东淄博)For thousands of years, people farmed the land. They grew fruits and vegetables. They hunted and fished for meat. They 1 cloth, dyes（染料）and paper from plants. They used stone and metal for weapons and tools.

People progressed to making machines powered 2 water and steam（蒸汽），and even later, by coal, oil, and petrol. Large cities were built. Factories 3 of machines created jobs

in the cities for thousands of people. The Industrial Revolution（工业革命）changed the lives of many people because, for the first time, more people lived in cities than on 4 .

Companies built power plants（工厂）to make 5 to run the machines, factories and cities.

People did not realize these activities were 6 the Earth. They didn’t realize how 7 oil, gas, coal and minerals were being used up. 8 cities grew bigger and spread across the land, plants and animals began to disappear. Their nature homes were destroyed(破坏）as people moved into new places.

As time passed, people began to 9 the need to protect the Earth and its natural resources(资源）.They saw that plants and animals needed protection, so they wouldn’t disappear forever. People joined together to tell 10 around the world to conserve(节约）our natural resources and care for the Earth. And so, Earth Day was born. Each year more and more people take part in Earth Day. What can you do to help?

1.A. separated B. washed C. made D. mixed

2.A. as B. for C. with D. by

3.A. full B. proud C. sick D. short

4.A. mountains B. rivers C. grasslands D. farms

5.A. metal B. water C. electricity D. oil

6.A. helping B. harming C. wasting D. losing

7.A .clearly B. hardly C. quickly D. slowly

8.A. Before B. If C. As D.Though

9.A. forget B. see C. remember D. get

10.A. them B. other C. another D. others

【主旨大意】本文为一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了从古代的农田耕作到现在的进城工作，工业革命改变了人们的生活，但也给地球带来了破坏。人们开始意识到保护我们赖以生存的地球的重要性，于是有了“地球日”，旨在呼吁每个人都参与到保护地球的行动中来。

【答案】1-5 CDADC 6-10 BCCBD

1.C【解析】考查动词辨析。separated分离，分开；wash冲洗；made制作，制成；mixed 混合。句意：他们用植物制作成布匹、染料和纸张。由句意可知选C。

2.D【解析】考查介词辨析。由设空所在句中的“and even later, by coal, oil, and petrol”可知，此处应填by, 表方式、方法。

3.A【解析】考查形容词辨析。所给项均可与设空后介词of构成短语。full of充满了；proud of为...而自豪；sick of厌烦，厌倦；short of缺少，短缺。句意：工厂里...机器，给成千上万人创造在城里的工作。由句意可知A项正确。

4.D【解析】考查名词辨析。mountains山脉；rivers河流；grassland草地；farms农场。由第一段“For thousands of years, people farmed the land.”及第二段“Factories 3 of machines created jobs in the cities for thousands of people. ”可知，更多的人在城里工作，而不在农场上了。故选D。

5.C【解析】考查名词辨析。metal金属；water水；electricity电；oil油。由句意可知，设空处为工厂的产物，为机器提供能量。而A、B、D均为自然界本来就有的东西，故选C。

6.B【解析】考查动词辨析。helping帮助；harming伤害；wasting浪费；losing失去。由下文“Their nature homes were destroyed(破坏）as people moved into new places.”可知人类的这些活动正在伤害地球，故选B。

7.C【解析】考查副词辨析。clearly清楚的；hardly几乎不；quickly迅速地；slowly慢地。由上下文可知，此处指人们大肆发展工业，消耗自然界的能源如油、气、煤等为机器提供动力，因此耗费得快，很快就会用尽了，故选C。

8.C【解析】考查连词。Before在...之前；If如果，假如；As随着；由于；Though尽管。句意：...城市变得越来越大，沿着陆地蔓延开来，植物和动物就开始消失了。由句意可知，主句与从句动作是同时进行的，故应用时间状语连词as（随着）来引导，故选C。

9.B【解析】考查动词辨析。forget忘记；see看见，看到；remember记得；get得到。句意：随着时间的流逝，人们开始...保护地球和其自然资源的必要性。由句意可知，B项符合句意。

10.D【解析】考查代词。them它（他/她）们，用作代词，指代上文提及的复数名词；other 其余的，常用作形容词作定语；another又一个，代词，常指不确定数量的又一个；others

其余的人/物，用作代词。由句意“人们联合在一起，告诉世界上的其它人要节约资源，关爱地球。”可知，设空处指的是除了主语之外的他人，且是复数概念，应填others，故选D。(2019山东淄博)II.阅读理解

A

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B(2019山东淄博)

(2019山东淄博)Can you imagine walking in , sitting next to a stranger and asking for the latest news or putting a recent novel down next to someone’s coffee and asking for their opinion before giving yours?

But more than 300 years ago , this kind of behaviour was encouraged in thousands of coffeehouses all over London. In 1712 , the Starbucks site（位置）today was occupied(占据) by Button’s coffeehouses. Inside, poets, writers and members of the public gathered around long wooden tables drinking, thinking, writing and discussing literature into the night. On the wall, near where the Starbucks community notice board now stands , was the white marble（大理石）head of a lion with wide-open mouth. The public was invited to feed it with letters and stories. The best of the lion’s digest（文摘）were published in a weekly edition of Joseph Addison’s Guardian newspaper, named ‘the roaring of the lion’.