情态动词大全

8. would “总是” / used to“过去常常” 总是” 过去常常” 过去常常
On Sundays he would go to call on the old man when he was young. I used to get up late, but now I have got used to getting up very early. * used to 的否定形式: usedn’t to / didn’t use to 11 的否定形式:
了）
1) Why are you doing your homework now? You should have done it before class. 2) You shouldn’t have told him about it.It may hurt him. 3) You are late. You ought to have come earlier. 4) You could have passed the exam if you had been careful enough. 5) You needn’t have told her the news, for I had told her 10 earlier.
6) -- Does he need to go there at once? Yes, he does
*作情态动词用时没有人称的变化 作情态动词用时没有人称的变化
She ______(dare / dares) not go there alone. =She __( dare not / doesn’t dare ) to go there alone.
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情态动词的结构
*后接动词原形, 与动词原形一起构成复合谓语 后接动词原形, 与动词原形一起构成复合谓语 *情态动词无人称和数的变化 情态动词无人称和数的变化
We can speak English. You mustn’t smoke here. He dare not speak to you. You needn’t go now. Will you help me？ ？ He might come, but I’m not sure. come It must have rained last night. It should have been done yesterday. “能够”(能力) 能够”(能力 能力) “不准”(禁止) 不准”(禁止 禁止) “不敢” 不敢” “不必” 不必” “愿意”(请求) 愿意”(请求 请求) “可能”(推测) 可能”(推测 推测) “肯定”(推测) 肯定”(推测 推测) “应该”(责备) 应该”(责备 责备)
could have done （本可以做成而实际上没） 本可以做成而实际上没 而实际上没） needn’t have done （本不必做而实际上却做了） 本不必做而实际上却做了 而实际上却做了）
7. shall, will, would 用法： 用法：
Shall I turn on the light, madam ? (征求意见 征求意见) 征求意见 What shall we do now ? (征求意见 征求意见) 征求意见 (意愿 意愿) I won’t see him any more. 意愿 Would/Will you type this right now, please ? **Shall she type this right now ? (征求意见 Shall 征求意见) 征求意见
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1. (There is a knock on the door) can be --- Who ________ it ________ ? (会是谁呢？) 会是谁呢？ 会是谁呢 ---It _______ be must ______ the postman. 肯定是邮递员） （肯定是邮递员） can’t be --- It ______ _______ the postman. 不可能是邮递员） （不可能是邮递员） mayபைடு நூலகம்_____ the guard. ---It _____ be 也许是保安） （也许是保安）
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情态动词有哪些? 情态动词有哪些?
1. can /may/must/ will / shall / should / can ought to 2. need /dare 3. had better/ would rather, used to / have to / be able to
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情态动词的含义
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must ______ ______ last night, 2. It _____ have rained for the ground is wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了） （昨晚肯定下雨了） 3. ---Where is Mary? must ____ ____ ---She ____ have gone to the library. 肯定去图书馆了） （肯定去图书馆了） can’t have gone ---She ____ ____ _____ to the library. I saw him in the teachers’ office. 不可能去图书馆） （不可能去图书馆）
情态动词的含义
序号 8 9 10 11 12 13 原形 be able to have to ought to used to had better would rather 过去式 was/were able to had to ought to 主要用法 “能够”（能力） 能够” 能力） “不得不 必须” 不得不/必须 不得不 必须” “应该” 应该” “ 过去（常常）” 过去（常常） “最好” 最好” 最好 “ 宁愿” 宁愿”
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情态动词在使用中应特别注意的问题 情态动词在使用中应特别注意的问题
1. 过去式并不一定表示过去：can// could; may//might 过去式并不一定表示过去： Could you come earlier tomorrow ? (请求 请求) 请求 推测) She might be right. (推测 推测 2. May I// we …..问句的回答： 问句的回答： 问句的回答 --Might/ May I watch TV now? Might/ --Yes, you can/may (或： Yes, please do.) can/may. 或 -- May/Might I take this book out of the room? -- No, you can’t/mustn’t (或： No, you’d better not.) can’t/mustn’t. 或 3. Must I//we //he …问句的否定回答： 问句的否定回答： 问句的否定回答 No, …. needn’t //don’t have to 6 *mustn’t 的含义：表“禁止” “不允许” 的含义： 禁止” 不允许”
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4. ---Do you know where Tom is ? may have _____ --- He _____ _____gone to the dining room, I am not sure.（也许去了餐厅） （也许去了餐厅） should have handed _____ your 5. You ____ ____ ______ in homework yesterday. 本来应该上交） （本来应该上交） 6. My father ______ _______ scolded shouldn’t have ________ my sister last night. She is a good girl. 本来不应该责备） （本来不应该责备）
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1. -----Who is crying? -----It ________ be Tom. He’s just lost the game. must 2. ---- Who is crying? ____ it be Tom? Can ---- No, it _______ be him. I just heard him can’t singing in the street. 3. He is black and blue all over. His father must have beaten _________________ (beat) him. 4. The train started an hour ago. Now it must be travelling _________________ (travel) on the great plain.
9. dare 和 need既可以作情态动词用, 又可以 既可以作情态动词 既可以作情态动词用
实义动词用 作实义动词用
1) I dare say…… 2) How dare you say that to me ? 3) -- Dare he go alone? -- No, he dare not. 4) --Does he dare to go alone? -- No, he doesn’t. 5) --Need he do it now? No he needn’t. (Yes, he must)
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6. 情态动词+have done 时有表示责备的含义： 情态动词+ 时有表示责备的含义：
should/ ought to have done (本该做而实际上没做） 本该做而实际上没做 本该做而实际上没做） shouldn’t/oughtn’t have done (本不该做而实际做 本不该做而实际做 ’
序号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 原形 can may must need dare will shall 过去式 could might must had to needed dared would should 主要含义 1.能力2.请求/准许3.可能性 1.能力 请求 准许3.可能性 能力2.请求/ 1.请求/准许2.可能性 *3.祝愿 1.请求 准许2.可能性 3.祝愿 请求/ 1.义务(必须); 2.猜测(肯定) 1.义务 必须); 2.猜测 肯定) 义务( 猜测( 需要 敢 愿意 1.征求意见 2“应该”(should) 1.征求意见 2“应该 应该” 3
4. 情态动词表推测时应注意的几个问题 情态动词表推测时应注意的几个问题: 推测时应注意的几个问题 1) 完全否定推测用can’t be（“不可能”）: 肯定 完全否定推测用can’t be（ 不可能” 否定推测用 推测用must be（ 肯定，一定” 推测用must be（“肯定，一定”） He can’t be Peter. Peter has gone abroad. 2) 疑问句中的推测用can…be: 疑问句中的推测用 中的推测用can…be Can it be Tom who did it? 3) must be doing :对正在发生的动作的肯定推测： 的动作的 推测： 对正在发生的动作 肯定推测 It is eight o’clock. He must be watching TV now. 4) must have done :对已发生的动作的肯定推测： 的动作的 推测： 对已发生的动作 肯定推测 It is wet outside.It must have rained last night.
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5.情态动词 情态动词must表推测时的反意问句的构成： 表推测时的反意问句的构成 情态动词 表推测时的反意问句的构成：
要根据陈述部分(must)后的内容来确定： 后的内容来确定： 要根据陈述部分 后的内容来确定 isn’t he? He must be tired now, _______________? haven’t you You must have seen the film,____________? didn’t it It must have rained heavily last night,__________? aren’t they They must be waiting for us now,_____________?