文体学复习资料

文体学复习资料！

1.EST: The English of science and technology.

2.Pitch: Some sounds or groups of sounds in one's speech to be relatively higher or

lower than others. This relative height of speech sounds as perceived by a listener is called "pitch".

3.Euphemism: substituting an inoffensive or pleasant word or expression for a more

offensive one.

4.Point of view: the position of the author in relation to his subject.

5.Tempo: the speed of speaking.

6.Tenor of discours e: the participants, their education, social status, the role-

relationship between the addresser and the addressee, the degree of intimacy, the degree of social distance.

7.RP: Received Pronunciation

8.Stress: the prominence of sounds

9.Graphology: the writing forms, and the signs used in a text

10.Associative meaning: the meanings that a word has beyond or in addition to its

conceptual meaning.

11.Inverted pyramid method: the lead offers the most essential elements, telling who,

what, when, where, and why (how) of the story; the second paragraph has less important information; the latter paragraphs contain still less important information. 1.What does general stylistics study?

Stylistics is a branch of linguistics which studies style in a scientific and systematic way concerning the manners/linguistic features of different varieties of language at different levels.

2.What is a text? Explain the aspects of textual analysis.

A text is any passage, spoken or written, of whatever length, that forms a unified

whole. A text is then a semantic unit, a unit not only of form, but also of meaning.

Textual analysis includes the following aspects: text layout, reference, substitution, ellipsis, logical connectors, collocation, inter-sentence relationship.

3.What is the difference in the effect between the use of Latinate words and that of

native words?

Latinate words often help to create the effect of coolness, dignity, formality and intellectual distance. Anglo-Saxon words are close to their hearts and emotionally charged and quite common informal.

4. Say something about the differences in pronunciation between standard British

and American English.

RP differs from GA in many ways. For example, where the phoneme/ɔ/ is used in RP, it would be /ɑ:/in GA, as in hot /hɑ:t/. In RP, there is no /r/ sound before a consonant, while in GA, we usually find it as in farm /fɑːrm/, lark /[lɑːrk]/, etc.

Most Americans pronounce either and neither with the vowel of teeth or beneath, while in Britain an alternate pronunciation has developed since the American colonies were established and the more usual pronunciation is now with an initial diphthong [ai].

5. What are the main stylistic features of E-English?

Lexically it is characterized by the economy of language which are reflected in the use of abbreviations, clippings, blendings, numbers, emoticons, smileys

Syntactically it tends to be simple and direct, which is reflected in its tendency of