英语简单句五种基本句型详解

英语简单句五种基本句

型详解

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基本句型

英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。汉语放在前面的，英语可能要放在后面；而汉语放后面的，英语可能放在前面。即使是同样一句话，如果用词不同，句中的次序也会有变化。比如，“我每天骑自行车上学”，可以表达为 I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表达为

I ride to school every day. 如果用图表分析一下，我们会看得更清楚：

主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。

宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无。

一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：

1. The students got on the school bus.

2. He handed me the newspaper.

3. I shall answer your question after class.

4. His job is to train swimmers.

5. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.

6. His wish is to become a scientist.

7. He wants to finish the work in time.

8. Tom came to ask me for advice（建议）.

9. He found it important to master English.

10. Do you have anything else to say

11. Would you please tell me your address

12. He sat there, reading a newspaper.

13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.

14. He noticed（注意到） a man enter the room.

15. The apples tasted sweet.

简单句的五种基本句型

这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词：appear, apologize, arrive, come, die,

disappear, fall, happen, rise,

eg: 这只小狗已经死了。_____________________________________

基本句型二:

S十V十P主系表结构

常见的系动词有：be(是)； get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎)

A.表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep,

remain, 等等。

1. We should __________ __________ any time.

B.我们在任何时候都应该保持安静。

2. 这种食物尝起来很糟糕。_________________________________________________.

B. 表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。如：

3. Spring comes. It is ______________________________.

春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。

4. Don't have the food. _______________________________.

不要吃那种食物，它已经变质了。

基本句型三: S十V十O主谓宾结构

我昨天看了一部电影。

________________________________________________.

They have ________ ________ _________ of the children．

这些孩子他们照看得很好。

基本句型四: S十V十间接宾语“人”十直接宾语“物”结构

间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, read, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有： buy, choose, make, order, paint, play(演奏)， sing,等。Yesterday her father ____________ ________ _____ ____________ as a birthday present.

昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。

这种句型还可转换为：动词＋直接宾语＋ for/ to sb. Please show me your picture. ==Please _________ ________ __________ _____ _____.

请把你的画给我看一下。

I _______ _______the salt. = I _______the salt _____ _____.

我把盐递给他。

基本句型五: S十V十O十C主谓宾补结构

此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语。call（叫）, choose（选）, find

（发现）, make, name, (命名)

Keep ________________________________, please.

请让孩子们安静下来。They painted______ ______ ________. 他们把门漆成绿色。We must ______ ______ ________ ______.

我们必须保持我们的学校洁。

He asked me _____ ________ ________ soon. 他要我早点回来。

注意：动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时，不带to。

如：25）The boss ________ _______ _________ all day. (迫使他劳动) We saw _____ ____ _____. (他出去)。

5.主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语（+ 状语）

判

类

型

和

句

子

成

分

：

She came．

She likes English.

She is happy．

The teacher asked me to read the passage.

She bought a book for me.

She gave John a book．

My head aches.

She makes her mother angry．

The sun was shining.

The moonrose.

They?talked for half an hour.

他们谈了半个小时。

The dinner smells good. 午餐的气味很好。