定语从句as_和which_的区别讲义[1]
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关系代词as与which的用法区别
as 和which的相同点
(1)as 和which都可引导非限制性定语从句，放在主句之后；在非限制性定语从句中充当从句的主语、宾语或表语。如：
Tom has found a good job, as / which we all hope. 汤姆找到了一件好工作，这正是我们大家所希望的。
(2)as 和which都可代表整个句子的内容或主句中的某一成分。如：
His mother is ill, which makes him very sad. 他母亲病了，这件事情使他很难过。
He has made great progress, as / which makes us very happy. 他进步了，这使得我们很高兴。
以上两句中的as / which都指前面整个句子的内容。
Though he has lots of money, he still rides his old bike, which was boug ht ten years ago. 尽管他很有钱，但是他还骑着他的旧单车，这单车是十年前买的。
There you can meet many writers as you have ever read in books. 在那里，你可见到你在书中所读过的很多作家。
as与which的区别
(1)当先行词前面有so + adj. + a / such + (a) + adj. , the same等词修饰时，引导词只能用as，而不用which。如：
She is so nice a girl as we all like. 她是个我们大家都喜欢的如此好的女孩。
It is such an interesting book as we all want to read. 它是本我们大家都想读的有趣的书。
上面两句中的as就不能用which替换。
(2)as 在从句中常作宾语；作主语时，从句的谓语动词常为系动词，即：系表结构或被动结构。如：
As you expected, he turned up on time. 正如你所愿，他按时到了。
As is said above, he has conquered the difficulty. 正如上面所说，他征服了困难。
(3)当非限制性定语从句放到主句的前面时，引导词只能用as，而不用whi ch。如：
As is planned, we got there before eight. 正如计划，我们再把店前到达了那儿。
(4)As引导的非限制性定语从句指表示积极的意义，与主句是顺理成章的关系，绝不能与之矛盾。若非限制性定语从句表示一种消极的意义，则只用which。如：
He has succeeded in his career, as / which we all hope. 他在事业中成功了，这正是我们大家所希望的。
Her grandma died last week, which made her very sad. 她的奶奶逝世了，这使得她很悲伤。
(5)当非限制性定语从句的引导词前面有介词时，只能用which, 而不可用as。如：
He has a new computer, for which he paid nearly ten thousand yuan. 他
有一台新电脑，这台电脑花了他将近一万元。
(6) 当关系代词代替主句中的宾语从句或复合结构(如：宾+补；不定式短语；动词-ing形式短语等) 时，一般只能用which, 而不用as。如：
She told us that there was something wrong with her bike, which was tru e。她告诉我们说她的单车出了毛病，这话是真的。
He asked her to help him with his English, which she did. 他请她教他学英语，她的确帮了。
(7) 关系代词仅代表主句中的谓语部分时，从句中谓语部分被省略而只保留情态动词的否定式或助动词否定式，引导词一般只用which, 而不用as。如：He speaks English very fluently, which I can’t. 他的英语说得非常流利，这我可不行。
(8)关系代词作定语修饰后面的名词时，一般只用which, 而不用as。如：
He suggested going swimming in the river, which idea we agreed with.
他提议去河里游泳，我们就同意了他的想法。
(9)当关系代词仅代表主句中单个的名词时，一般只用which, 而不用as。
如：
He sent me a beautiful present, which I valued very much. 他给寄来了一件精美的礼物，我对它非常珍视。
(10)as 在非限制性定语从句中，还常跟such连用。如：
There was a look of love in the teacher’s eyes, such as mothers have for their children. 老师眼里流露出对他喜爱的神情，就好像母亲对孩子的喜爱。
(11)as常用于一些固定结构中。如：
as is well known / as we all know 众所周知；as is said above 正如上面
所说；as might be imagined 正像所想象的那样；as is reported 如报道所说；as has been pointed 如所指出的那样；as is expected 正如所料
(12)：which 代表整个句子，还可用于in which case, at which point, on which occasion
等。如：
I may have to work late, in which case I’ll telephone you. 我可能得晚点下班，那样我会给你打电话的。
1.The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.
A. which was
B. it was
C. which were
D. them were
2.The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.
A. which are
B. it is
C. which is
D. them are
3.Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurants where we
can have Chinese food.
A. which are
B. it is
C. which is
D. them are
4. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. Which
5._______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every
month.
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. What
6.______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.
A. Which
B. As
C. That
D. It
7. David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.
A. that
B. who
C. as
D. whom
8. The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.
A. that
B. it
C. them
D. which
9. George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.
A. that
B. him
C. them
D. whom
10.He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.
A. who
B. them
C. which
D. who
11.They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ carried out in their work.A. which B. them C. what D. that
12.They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _______ were carried o ut in their work.A. which B. them C. what D. that
13.If you want a double room, _____ will cost another ￡15.
A. as
B. which
C. what
D. that
14.She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she’s spent working as a secretary in our company.
A. which
B. when
C. how
D. where
15.Our company will move to a tall building _______ we bought last month.
A. which
B. when
C. how
D. where
16.Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked two years ago.
A. when
B. when
C. that
D. which
17. Mary wrote an article on ____ the team had failed to win the game .
A.why
B. what
C. which
D. that
18..Many newspaper printed the governor’s state ment
_____ would support a tax cut.
A. and he
B. was that he C which he D that he
19.The reason that has been such a success ___ he never gives up.
A. is
B. is because
C. is that
D. is what
20. He has two children, and both of _____ are abroad.
A. them
B. which
C. whom
D. who
21. Your coat is still _____ you left it.(是什么从句？)
A. where
B. there
C. there where
D. the place where
22.Is this school _____ your father worked in ten years ago?（注意句子不同的表达）
A. where
B. what
C. that
D. the one
23. I went upstairs ______I heard some crying.判断从句
A. where
B. when
C. that
D. which
24.He is _____ a clever boy _____ we all like. 判断从句
A. such, that
B. such, as
C. so, that
D. so, as
25. If a book is in English, _____ means slow progress for you.
A. as
B. which
C. what
D. that
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定语从句讲义与练习.doc
定语从句专项练习题 1.Don't talk about such things of you arc not sure. A. which B. what C. as D. those 2.Is this the factory you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 3.Is this factory some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4.Is this the factory he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 5.The wolves hid themselves in the places couldn't be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that 6.The freezing point is the temperature water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what 7.This book will show you can be used in other contexts.. A. how you have observed B. what you have observed C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed 8.The reason is he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether 9.Til tell you he told me last week. A. all which B. that C. all that D. which 10.That tree,branches are almost bare, is very old. A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which 11.1have bought the same dress she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what 12.He failed in the examination,made his father very angry. A. which Be it C. that D. what 13.Wc'rc talking about the piano and the pianist were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that 14.The girl an English song in the next room is Tom's sister. A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing 15.Those not only from books but also through practice will succeed. A. learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn 16.Anyone this opinion may speak out A. that againsts B. that against C. who is against D. who are against 17.Didn't you see the man? A. I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just now C. I nodded to him just now D. I nodded to just now 18.Can you lend me the novel the other day? A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked with D. you
初中定语从句讲义
定语从句 用来修饰名词的叫定语。 a pretty girl a girl in red a girl standing in the living room. a girl who is standing in the living room is lucy I like the girls who can play the guitar. ] 形容词修饰名词通常位于名词之前作前置定语；名词之后的介词短语作后置定语； 理解定语从句要把握住两个关键词：先行词、关系代词（关系副词） ★当先行词指人时,关系代词可以用who,that,whose,whom. 关系代词的作用:一指代先行词； 二在主句和从句中作引导词； 三在从句中作主语/宾语/定语。 （who和that在从句中既可以作主语，也可以作宾语；whom在从句中只能作宾语；whose在从句中只能作定语，即whose后面加名词） * Garmen likes musicians who play different kinds of music. She is the girl (who)I love very much. I love the book which my father bought for me last week very much. Do you know the girl whose hair is long Linda,whose English is very good,is always helpful. ★当先行词指物时,关系代词可以用which/that(which和that在从句中既可以作主语,也可以作宾语) I don’t like the people that speak much but do little. / The little boy (that)he is watching is lovely boy. ★当先行词指地点时,关系副词可以用where,wherer在定语从句中充当地点状语； This is a place where kids can play with sand. My uncle went to the town where he was born. It has to be a place where we can do lots of exercise. ★当先行词指时间时,关系副词可以用when,when在定语从句中充当时间状语；I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.
as和which的用法区别
非限制性定语从句中的as和which ■as 和which的相同点 (1) as 和which都可引导非限制性定语从句，放在主句之后；在非限制性定语从句中充当从句的主语、宾语或表语。如： Tom has found a good job, as / which we all hope. 汤姆找到了一件好工作，这正是我们大家所希望的。 (2) as 和which都可代表整个句子的内容或主句中的某一成分。如： His mother is ill, which makes him very sad. 他母亲病了，这件事情使他很难过。 He has made great progress, as / which makes us very happy. 他进步了，这使得我们很高兴。 以上两句中的as / which都指前面整个句子的内容。 Though he has lots of money, he still rides his old bike, which was bought ten years ago. 尽管他很有钱，但是他还骑着他的旧单车，这单车是十年前买的。 There you can meet many writers as you have ever read in books. 在那里，你可见到你在书中所读过的很多作家。 ■as与which的区别 (1) 当先行词前面有so + adj. + a / such + (a) + adj. , the same等词修饰时，引导词只能用as，而不用which。如： She is so nice a girl as we all like. 她是个我们大家都喜欢的如此好的女孩。 It is such an interesting book as we all want to read. 它是本我们大家都想读的有趣的书。上面两句中的as就不能用which替换。 (2) as 在从句中常作宾语；作主语时，从句的谓语动词常为系动词，即：系表结构或被动结构。如： As is said above, he has conquered the difficulty. 正如上面所说，他征服了困难。
定语从句的基本用法
定语从句的基本用法 先请认真阅读下列各句，下列各句中的黑体部分均为该句所包含的定语从句： 1.This is the teacher who played basketball with us yesterday. 2.Tom is the boy whom they are looking for. 3.The house , which they built last year looks very new. 4.Physics is the most interesting subject that we learnt in the middle school. 从以上各句中我们可以看出定语从句是用来修饰它前面的名词或代词的，它起着修饰或限定作用。当然定语从句也可以用来修饰一个句子，在此我们不作讨论。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句所修饰的词是一个、一些或一类特定的人或事物，一般不能省略，拿掉后剩下的部分则没有意义，或者表述不清。非限制性定语从句则不然，它只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明，拿掉以后剩下的部分仍然可以成立，常常用逗号将其隔开。例如： This is the place where the Chinese Communist Party was founded. 此句中的定语从句是限制性定语从句。如果拿掉则This is the place.一句没有意义。 This message was left by Xiao Wang, who telephoned you just now. 此句中的定语从句是非限制性定语从句。如果拿掉则This message was left by Xiao Wang,一句仍有意义。 被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词称为关系代词或关系副词。常见的关系代词和关系副词有who, whom,that,whose,which,where,when,why等。现在我们侧重讨论如何使用这些关系代词和关系副词。如果关系代词在从句中作主语时一般不能省略，而作宾语时一般可以省略。 一，关系代词who, whom的用法。 1.who可以代替人（即它的先行词必须表示人），在从句中可以担任主语。也可以在 从句中担任宾语，但是它的前面不能带介词，如果带介词则必须使用宾格whom。 whom在从句中只能担任宾语。例如： a)This is the teacher who often tells us interesting stories in class. b)Mary is the girl who/whom Tom wants to marry. c)Mrs White is a teacher whom every student likes. d)She is the girl with whom I will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 2.在定语从句中当先行词表示人时who和that是通用的。例如： a)Miss Green is the new teacher who/that teaches us spoken English. b)John’s father is an engineer who/that came to see him last Wednesday. 但在下列情况下则宜用who 而不用that。
完整版定语从句讲义个人精心整理
?定语从句定义及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的 先行词之后。 2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等; 关系副词有when, where, why 等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用： A.引导定语从句 B.代替先行词，C.在定语从句中担当一个成分.关系代词表格
例如：(注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分) ①Do you know the pro fessor who/that will give us a sp eech next week? ②I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be p ublished. ③The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. (作宾语) ④This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to in troduce to you. ⑤The soldier whose legs were badly woun ded was op erated on without delay. 三.6个关系代词的用法 1 )关系代词that禾n which 的用法 which, that在代替物时，一般可以通用。 His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets. The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black. ▲但在有些情况下，只用that 1.先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。 ①This is the best way that has bee n used aga inst p olluti on. ②En glish is the most difficult subject that you will lear n duri ng these years. 2.先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。 ①This is the last p lace (that) I want to visit. ②It is the first America n movie of this kind that I 3.先行词是all, much, little, someth ing, everyth ing, anything, nothing, non e,a ny, few, little, no, all, much, every 等不定代词时。 ①You should hand in all that you have. ②We haven ‘ t got much that we can ffer you. ③The little money (that) he had was stole n. 4.先行词前面有the on ly, the very,等修饰时。 The only thing that we can do is to give you some mon ey. 5.先行词既有人又有物时。 Do you know the things and persons that they are talk ing about? 6.主句已有疑问词which时。避免重复使用 Which is the bike that you lost? 7.that在定语从句中作表语 Mary is no Ion ger the girl that she used to be. （作主 语） （作宾 语） ve ever seen.
高中英语定语从句 --- As 和which 引导定语从句精讲精练
关系代词as和which 引导的定语从句 as和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。具体情况是：1. As和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。 He was honest, as/which we can see. as 引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思 which 指代整个句子不可置于句首只能位于主句后。 1. They d idn’t come to school on time, which made the teacher angry. 2. The sports meeting was put off, which astonished (吃惊）us greatly. 3. His father died last year, which made it impossible for him to go to school. 4. He didn’t pass the exam, which disappointed his parents. as 引导定语从句，位置灵活，可位于句首、句中和句末。 As we all know, China is a developing country. The number of the visitors, as we had expected, was over 200. China is a great country with a long history, a s is known to all. 注意:当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时,主句与从句有因果或并列，从句谓语动词是“系动词+adj" 使用which Our class has won the volleyball match, which is inspiring. Tom suddenly fell ill, which made us sad. Tom突然病倒，这使得我们很伤心。Which引导的非限制性定语从句在从句中做主语，其代指整个主句，主从句的关系是因果关系，因为他的病，所以我们伤心。 The road was too slippery, which caused lots of accidents. 路太滑了，以至于引起了很多事故。which引导的非限制性定语从句在从句中做主语，其代指整个主句，主从句的关系是因果关系，因为路滑，所以出事。 (1) As is known to all, China is a developing country. (2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent. (3) John, as you know, is a famous writer. (4) He has been to Paris more t han several times, which I don’t believe. (5) Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.
高三英语一轮复习---定语从句讲义
定语从句 （一）基本概念 1.由一个句子作定语，修饰句中一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰整个句子或句中的部分内容， 这样的从句就是定语从句，被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 2.关系词分为两大类，即关系代词和关系副词，其作用一是引出一个定语从句，二是代替其所修 饰的先行词，三是在句中充当某个句子成分。 关系词的分类和基本用法
本部分的内容比较复杂，为便于考生一目了然，我们试图用表格的形式呈现给考生。
当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。先行词指物，用“介词+which/whose”,指人则用 “介词+whom/whose”, 且两个 定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词；但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句，在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，在阅读
▲定语从句与习惯句型 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。 ①It is the first time _____ she has been in Shanghai． ②It was the time _____ Chinese people had a hard life． 解析：这里①小题是一个习惯句型，其结构为：It is／was the first／second ．．．time ＋that从句。故①填that，其意为：这是她第一次在上海。②小题the time是先行词，其后是表示时间的定语从句，故填when。 ▲定语从句与简单句 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。 ①The mother told the lazy boy to work，_____ didn't help． ②The mother told the lazy boy to work．_____ didn't help． 解析：含有定语从句的复合句与两个单句的主要区别在于：前者有主句，有从句，必须有关系词；而后者则是两个单独的句子，不需要任何关联词。①小题两个句子用逗号连接且没有并列连词，显然应是主从句关系，因此需用关系词which，前面整个句子作先行词；②小题则填It，代替前面的整个句子。解题时，注意标点符号的运用。
(完整版)as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
As与which引导非限定性定语从句辨析 1.as引导非限制性定语从句，只代表主语或主句的一部分所表达的意思(不能指代某个名词或代词)，可以放在主句前，后或中间，在从句中作主语或宾语、例如： As is known to all, he is the best student in our class. (as指代整个句子，作主语，置于句首) He opposed the idea, as could be expected. (as 指代整个句子，作主语，置于句末) As we all know, he studies very hard. (as 指代整个句子，作宾语，置于句首) Taiwan is, as you know, an inseparable part of China. (as指代整个句子，作宾语，置于句中) 2.在非限制性定语从句中，which和as引导定语从句时的区别： a. which引导的从句不能放在主句前，而as引导的从句则既可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后。例如： As (正确) is often the case, he is absent. Which (错误) He saw the girl, as (正确) He had hoped. Which （正确） b.用能做关系代词，as和which都可以指代一个句子，但as有“正如”、“就像”之意，which则没有此含义。 He is a foreigner, as I know from his accent. (as指代一个句子，意为“正如”、“就像”) He has to work on Sunday, which he doesn’t like. (which指代一个句子，没有“正如”、“就像”) c.当从句的谓语动词是be或相当于联系动词的seem, become等时，可用as或which作主语。但当从句的谓语是行为动词时，只能用which作主语。例如： He married her, as (正确) was / seemed natural. Which （正确） He saw the girl, as (错误) delighted him. Which （正确
定语从句的基本用法1
A good student A developing country A developed country A 5-star friend A man named Chuck A language widely used 定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的主谓结构(完整的基本句子结构-----五种句型)。 ↓↓ （主句之中）先行词关系词+其它成分 ↓ 在定语从句中必须担当一个成分。 ↓ 定语从句中缺啥就补啥 定语从句(The Attributive Clause) ( (二)关系代词的作用 1. 关系代词：用来连接定语从句，并在从句中代表先行词的代词。 先行词是物：which that 先行词是人：who that ※由who, whom, whose引导的定语从句。这类定语从句中who用作主语，whom作宾语，whose作定语。 e.g. This is the man who helped me. The doctor (whom) you are looking for is in the room. Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu? ※在定语从句中，若先行词指人，其关系代词可用who, whom, 也可用that。 e.g. The girl who/that is speaking at the meeting is our monitor. The boy (who/whom/that) you saw just now is my brother. 3. 关系代词的具体用法及作用 1).who指人，在从句中做主语。 如：The boys who are playing football are from Class One. Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2). whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 如：Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 如：The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3). which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可省略