句子种类和类型

子
You call a taxi. Don’t you forget it.(强调)
种 类
Give me a hand, will/won’t/would/wouldn’ you?
2）带第一、三人称的祈使句
Let me try again. Let’s go. Let us go.
Let’s not say anything about it./Don’t let’s say…
（1）名词性从句
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句统称为名 二
词性从句。
、
句
宾语从句注意事项：引导词、语序、时态呼应、语态。
子
主语/表语/同位从句注意事项：引导词、语序、语态。
类 型
注意：1、whether与if的区别；
2、陈述句变来的名词性从句由什么引导。那么，一
般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、感叹句变
句 子 类
Is he a superman?
型
Don’t be shy. Have a try.
The man dressed in black seems to be a spy.
2、并列句 包含两个或更多互不依从的主谓
结构，分句由并列连词and,then,but,or,or
else,so,for,while,when;both…and,either
4.He had a big time there, ______ he?
He had a car, ______ he?
We hardly have to get up early, ______ we?
5.He used to live in Leeds, ______ he?
4）反义疑问句
I
9.There is no doubt() about it, ______ ______ ?
10.Anna hasn’t got to go to school on Sunday, ______ she?
3、祈使句
表达命令、要求、请求、劝告等，用原形。
I
1）带第二人称的祈使句
、 句
Be quiet, please. Don’t make any noise!
种
类
How foolish she is!
How clearly you speak!
How clever a boy he is!
*************
What a dirty room, ______ ______?
What interesting films, ______ ______?
English Grammar
Sentence II
浙江宁波华茂外国语学校 薛洪波
英语句子种类与类型
I、句子种类（按交际用途分） 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、 THERE-BE存在句
II、句子类型（按句子结构分） 简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句
提 纲
I、句子种类（按交际用途分）
陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、 感叹句、THERE-BE存在句
Chinese.
类 型
知识回顾 Knowledge Review
祝您成功！
型
Hurry up, or you’ll be late.
He works hard while his brother is a lazy bone.
He was enjoying his KFC when a friend came.
3、复合句 复合句的某个成分，如主语、宾语、表语、
同位语、定语、状语等，由另一个句子承当。
…or,neither…nor,not only…,but also,as
well as等来连接。
二
、
He is a basketball fan, and his wife is a volleyball fan.句
Honey is sweet, but the bee stings.
子 类
Don’t be late, for there is a meeting.
Why not go alone? Why get so angry?
How/What about taking a rest?
B、复杂特殊疑问句
What do you think he has done?
3）选择疑问句
(1)以一般疑问句为基础
I
Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman?
---No, I haven’t.
2）特殊疑问句 疑问词有
who,whose,what,which,where,when,why,how等。
（1）陈述语序
I
Who was the first man in space?
、
（2）倒装语序
句 子
Who are you talking about?
种
类
注：A、简略式
I
no，注意语序。
、
Have you anything to say?
句
子
Did someone phone me last night?
种
类
Can’t you understand it?
Isn’t it a beautiful lake?
---Haven’t you been to the UK?
6.Let’s go to the match at once, ______ we?
、 句
Leave me alone, ______ you?
子
7.They have been learning to drive, ______ they?
种 类
8.No one was hurt, ______ ______ ?
However,no matter how,whether） 。
3、复合句
并列复合句 即并列连词连接了带
从句的并列句。
二
、
English is widely used in the world, but China 句
has the largest number of people who speak 子
whenever,as long as,as soon as;the 类
moment,every time,next time;no
型
sooner…than,hardly…when ）；
2、地点（where,wherever） ；
3、方式（as,as if,as though） ；
4、程度（as…as, more than,so…that,such…that） ；
(3)状语从句
5、原因（because,since,as,now that,that） ；
二 、
6、结果（,so that,so…that,such…that） ；
句 子
7、目的（so that,in order that,in case） ；
类 型
8、条件（if,unless） ；
9、让步（though,although,even if,even though,in spite of the fact that ,whenever,wherever,whoever,whichever,
a
village
at
the
foot
of
the
mountain.
子 种
There is certain to be a heavy rain tonight.
类
There seems to be some misunderstanding.
There is a baby crying in the next door.
5、 THERE-BE存在句
There is a clock on the table.
Once there lived a king called Lear.
I
There goes the bell!
、
Here come the bus. Here he comes.
句
There
used
to
be
I like neither Cathy nor Mary.
3)否定转移
I don’t think it will be very cold today.
(believe, expect, suppose,imagine)
2、疑问句 有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择
疑问句、反义疑问句。
1）一般疑问句 用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或
Let him be here by 10 o’clock.
3、祈使句
I
注意：
、
1、加强语气
句 子
Do be careful of my broken leg.
种
类
Do let me have another try.
2 、祈使句的省略式
A:Shall I open the window?
B:Yes, please do./ No, please don’t.
I
1.Tom hardly knows French, ______ ______?
、
2.—Mary didn't fail her exam, did she?
句
---______, she didn‘t.
子
种
3.You needn’t come, ______ you?
类
You need to come, ______ you?
1、陈述句 说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否 定式，语序是主语在前，位于在后。
She arrived early.
I
She cannot have arrived now.
、
注：1）半否定句
句
子
I hardly know anything about it.
种
2）部分否定句与全否定句
类
I don’t like both the films.
A:Shall we watch the game?
B:Yes, let’s.
4、感叹句
由what 或how引导的，表示惊奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等。

What a cute baby it is!
、
What fine weather we have today!
句 子
What a good time we had last night!
来的呢？
3、复合句 （2）定语从句=先行词+引导词+其它。
二
引导词的选用取决于：
、
1）先行词；
句 子
2）先行词的修饰语；
类 型
3）引导词在定语 从句中的成分。
注意：定语从句中的主谓一致；
3、复合句 (3)状语从句 即用作状语的分句,可作下列状语：
二
1、时间
、
（after,before,as,when,while,since,till,until, 句 子
There being no bus, we had to walk home.
II、句子类型（按句子结构分） 简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句
1、简单句 只包含一个主谓结构，个个成分都是 单词或短语的句子。
二
All roads lead to Rome.
、
He got up, dressed quickly, washed himself and went out.
、 句
Shall I help you or can you manage?
子
种
类
(2)以特殊疑问句为基础
Which do you prefer, red wine or white?
How shall we go there? By bus or by train?
4）反义疑问句 问：+，-？或-，+？ 答：+，+. 或-，-.