高考英语一轮总复习 语法专项突破 考点精讲 第十节 并列连词和状语从句
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第十节并列连词和状语从句
(对应学生用书第265页)
考点一并列连词的用法
1.表递进或顺承关系:and,not only ...but also ...,not ...but ...等。
She not only plays well,but also writes music.
她不仅演奏得很好,而且还会作曲。
2.表选择关系:or,either ...or ...等。
Either you leave this house or I'll call the police. 你要不离开这座房子,我就去叫警察来。
3.表转折关系:but,yet等。
Several people were passing but nobody offered to help.有几个人擦肩而过,却没有人提供帮助。
4.表因果关系:so,for等。
The shops were closed so I didn't get any milk.
商店都关门了,因此我没买到牛奶。
5.when作并列连词时意为“就在这个时候”。
We were having a meeting when someone broke in.
我们正在开会,这时有人闯了进来。
6.while作并列连词时意为“而,却”,表示对比。
Some men were rich, while others are poor.
一些人富有,而其他人贫穷。
考点二时间状语从句
1.when,while和as
(1)when从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生,从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。
When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.我住在那里时,星期天常到海滨去。
(2)while从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生,从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。
Please don't talk so loud while others are working.别人工作时,请别高声谈话。
(3)as从句的动作与主句动作交替进行或同时发生,可翻译为“随着;一边……一边……”。
He hurried home, looking behind as he went.
他匆忙回家去,一边走一边回头望。
As time went on, it's getting warmer and warmer.
随着时间的推移,天越来越暖和了。
2.till和until
在肯定句中主句谓语动词应是延续性的,而在否定句中主句谓语动词应是非延续性的;till不可位于句首,而until则可以。
You may stay here till/until the rain stops.
你可以待在这里直到雨停。
I won't see him till/until his anger has cooled down. 等他怒气消了,我再去看他。
Until you told me, I had no idea of it.
直到你告诉我,我才知道这件事。
3.before和since
(1)before本意为“在……之前”,还可引申为“还未……就……,不到……就……;趁……;还没来得及……就……”。常用句型It will be+一段时间+before从句,意为“还要多久才……”。
We hadn't run a mile before he felt tired.
我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。
It won't be long before we meet again.
过不了多久我们就会再见面了。
(2)since意为“自从……以来”,主句用完成时。since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词,常理解为某一状态的终止;若用延续性动词或状态动词,则理解为某一动作的开始。
It is three years since he came to our school.
他来我们学校已经三年了。
It is three years since he smoked.
他戒烟已经三年了。
4.as soon as,immediately,directly,instantly,the moment/minute/instant,no sooner ...than ...,hardly/scarcely ...when ...等都可引导时间状语从句,表示“一……就……”。
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.这个男孩一看到他妈妈就放声大哭。
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.我们一到车站,火车就离站了。
5.the first time,every/each time,next time等也可引导时间状语从句,表示“第一次;每一次;下一次”等。
Every time I was in trouble, he would come to help me.每次我处于困境,他就会来帮助我。
考点三地点状语从句
1.通常由where或wherever引导,可位于主句前或主句后,在句首时常含有抽象意味。
They offered to go where there were difficulties. 他们表示愿意到艰苦的地方去。