基于单片机的火灾报警系统设计

本科毕业设计（论文）题目基于单片机的火灾报警系统设计

院系电气与自动化工程系

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摘要

随着“信息时代”的到来，作为获取信息的手段——传感器技术得到了显著的进步，其应用领域越来越广泛，对其要求越来越高，需求越来越迫切。传感器技术已成为衡量一个国家科学技术发展水平的重要标志之一。因此，了解并掌握各类传感器的基本结构、工作原理及特性是非常重要的。

为了提高对传感器的认识和了解，尤其是对烟雾传感器的深入研究以及其用法与用途，基于实用、广泛和典型的原则而设计了本系统。本文利用单片机结合传感器技术而开发设计了这一烟雾监控系统。

本论文以电阻式烟雾传感器和单片机技术为核心并与其他电子技术相结合，设计出一种技术水平较好的烟雾报警器。其中选用MQ-2型半导体可燃气体敏感元件烟雾传感器实现烟雾的检测，具有灵敏度高、响应快、抗干扰能力强等优点，而且价格低廉，使用寿命长。选用的AT89S52单片机，其整合了A/D转换、硬件乘法器、硬件脉宽调制器等资源，具有高速、低功耗、超强抗干扰等优点，是目前同类技术中性价比较高的产品。

以AT89S52单片机和MQ-2型半导体电阻式烟雾传感器为核心设计的烟雾报警器可实现报警、故障自诊断、浓度级别显示、报警限设置、温度显示及与温度报警值设定等功能。是一种结构简单、性能稳定、使用方便、价格低廉、智能化的烟雾报警器。具有一定的实用价值。

关键词：烟雾，报警器，AT89S52，传感器

Abstract

With the advent of "information times", as a means of accessing information -- sensor technology has been significant progress, its application field is more and more extensive, the requirement is more and more high, more and more urgent need. The sensor technology has become a national science and technology development level of one of the important symbols. Therefore, understanding and mastering of sensor's structure, working principle and characteristic is very important.

In order to improve the sensor 's understanding and the understanding, especially for the smoke sensor research and its usage and use, based on practical, and the principle and design the typical system. In this paper, combined with the use of single-chip sensor technology development and design of the smoke control system..

In this paper, resistance type smoke sensor and single-chip microcomputer as the core technology and electronic technology, designs a technology better smoke alarm. The selection of MQ-2 type semiconductor gas sensitive element smoke sensor smoke detection, which has high sensitivity, fast response, strong anti-interference ability, and the price is low, long service life. The selection of AT89S52chip, the integration of the A / D conversion, hardware multiplier, hardware pulse width modulator and other resources, with high speed, low power, strong

anti-interference and other advantages, is of similar technology neutral price comparison high yield quality.

With AT89S52 MCU and MQ-2 type semiconductor resistor type smoke sensor as the core design of the smoke alarm can alarm, fault diagnosis, concentration level display, alarm limit settings, temperature display and temperature alarm value setting and other functions. Is a kind of simple structure, stable performance, convenient operation, low price, intelligent smoke alarm. Has a certain practical value.

Key words: smog, alarm, AT89S52, sensor