SAP条形码管理介绍

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December 2003 •

What follows are the types of transac-tions we had to RF-enable via and

advice for customizing a few important transactions. If you are new to RF scan-ning, you might want to read the sidebar, “How RF Scanning Works.”

What Transactions to RF-Enabled?

You can enable transactions in Materials Management (MM), Warehouse Management (WM), Inventory

Management (IM), Logistics Execution System (LES), Sales and Distribution (SD), and Production Planning (PP)modules for RF scanning using bar-coding. You typically do so in plant and warehouse environments. These transactions are generally high-volume and need to be done in real-time.Examples include:

•Sales & Distribution : customer order →delivery →pick list →pick list confirmation →post goods issue •Procurement (purchase order):goods receipt (GR) for purchase

order →convert transfer requirement (TR) into transfer order (TO) →TO confirmation

•Procurement (stock transport order):create outbound delivery →GR against outbound delivery →con-vert TR into TO →TO confirmation •Physical inventory (PI)/cycle count-ing (within IM):create PI document →freeze book balances →enter count →post differences within IM

•PI/cycle counting (within WM):create PI document →activate Document →enter count →clear differences within WM →clear differences within WM

Some companies train users to perform transactions like these manually on PCs within a company, plant, or warehouse.These users are typically not located where the actions are actually per-formed. Operators/users tend to record these transactions in logs, on work sheets, and so on to be performed later on within SAP, typically after a lapse of two to 48 hours depending on factors like company practices, plant layout, or warehouse operations. Manual transac-tions are also error-prone with omis-sions and incorrect data entry. RF-enabling these transactions allows you to capture the data in real time at the scene of the action. To further improve data-entry accuracy and speed, it is useful to put the transactional data into bar-code format.

The goal of any RF and bar-coding project should be to increase efficiency of material management, warehouse,and production processes. You accom-plish this through ease of use for shop-floor personnel (no intimidating PCs)and increased speed and accuracy of data entry/data collection by elimination of human error. This results in improve-ments to business processes such as goods receipt, shipping, and cycle counting. In addition, it greatly

improves data integrity. Automation

As more and more companies turn to bar-coding and radio-frequency technol-ogy to automate data collection for their manufacturing and warehouse opera-tions, SAP logistics teams are faced with the challenge of integrating these technologies with the appropriate R/3logistics modules. This is typically done through SAPConsole, which offers standard functions for this purpose.However, users have been demanding transactions designed to achieve higher efficiency in logistics operations that go beyond what these standard functions offer. This has paid rich dividends in terms of automating and improving the receiving and shipping processes, reduc-ing errors due to elimination of manual data entry processes and achieving better visibility of materials in warehouses by crisp labels and bar codes. The price for these dividends is the work required to write custom transactions.

I recently participated in two projects for Fortune 100 companies working with R/3 logistics modules where the RF and bar-coding projects were done with great success. They involved mul-tiple production plants and distribution warehouses located over a one- to three-square-mile area and in ware-houses of 250,000 to 500,000 square feet. The scope involved MM, WM,and some PP functionality. The logic used to customize the transactions is generally available in SAP R/3 in the form of call functions.

RF-Enable Logistics Transactions for

Automated Data Collection in Real Time

by Vijay Garg