(完整版)初中英语语法专项—介词

初中英语语法专项——介词（Preposition）

介词(prep.)：介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分。其后面一般有名词、代词（宾格）或相当于名词的其他词类、短语作它的宾语。介词与动词、名词、形容词常有比较固定的搭配。

一、介词种类

1. 简单介词：at, in, on, about, off, across, before, after, beside, for , to, of, over, past 等。

2. 复合介词：into, inside, onto, without, outside, because of, in front of, out of, instead of, along with, according to等。

二、用法区别

1. at, on, in

(1) at +钟点

at six o’clock

【固定搭配】at noon / night，at the end of ，at the beginning of，at the age of (2) on +具体某一天及某天的早午晚/星期/一般的节日

on June 2nd, 2007 在2007年6月2日

on Friday on Friday afternoon

on the night of October 22nd

on Teachers’ Day

on Christmas Day / at Christmas

on a rainy day 在雨天

(3) in +月份/季节/年及泛指的早午晚

in 2007

in March, 2007

in the morning/afternoon/evening

in spring/summer/autumn/winter

✎练一练：1—4 ABBB

1. Mary is flying to France soon. She will arrive in Paris ___ the morning of July 9.

A. on

B. in

C. at

2. The twins were born ___ a Friday evening.

A. in

B. on

C. at

3. We traveled overnight to Paris and arrived ___ 5 o’clock ___ the morning.

A. on; in

B. at; in

C. at; in

4. We finish our lessons ___ 11:30 and then have a rest ___ noon.

A. in; in

B. at; at

C. in; at

2. in, at, on

arrive in +大地方arrive at +小地方

on a farm 在农场

表示“在某地”时，at+小地方，in+大地方，on +门牌/某层楼

on the fifth floor 在第五层楼

at home在家

at the bus stop在汽车站

in China在中国

in the world在世界上

3. in, on, to（表示方位）

in 表示在某一地区之内（属于该范围）。（包含）

on 表示与某一地区的毗邻关系，互相接壤。（相切）

to 表示在某一地区之外，不接壤的某方位（不属于该范围）。（相离）

✎练一练：1—2 BB

1.China lies ___ the east of Asia and ___ the north of Australia.

A. in, on

B. in ,to

C. to, in

2. Mongolia is ___ the north of China.

A. in

B. on

C. to

4. between, among

between 在……之间（两者）between…and…

among 在……之间（三者或以上）

eg. The house stands between two farms. 这座房子位于两个农场之间。

The house stands among farms. 这座房子位于农场之间。

5. in the tree, on the tree

in the tree 指动物或人（外来物）在树上

on the tree 指果实、树叶等长在树上

eg. The apples are on the apple trees.

The birds are singing in the tree.

6. across, through

across 强调穿过某一个平面/指从一端到另一端(street…)

through 强调穿过某一立体的空间(forest, city…)

eg. We walked through the forest.

I swam across the river. (这里指人从河这边游到对岸。)

7. over(反义词under), above(反义词below), on(反义词beneath)

over 指在某物体垂直上方，但不与该物体直接接触，其反义词是under。above指在上方的任意一点，不一定是垂直的正上方，不接触，其反义词是below。

on 表示“在……上面”，且互相接触，其反义词是beneath。

✎练一练：1—3 BAA

1. Look! There is a bridge ___ the river.

A. on

B. over

C. above

2. Can you see the egg ___ the plate?

A. on

B. in

C. over

3. The light ___ us is very bright.

A. over

B. under

C. on