分析化学 五大版 英文
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electrode potential, light absorption or emission, mass-to-charge ratio, fluorescence etc.) are made using instrumentation.
The Role of Analytical Chemistry
• Chromatographic M Nhomakorabeathods: Separation techniques and quantitation is based on calibration curve.
• Electroanalytical Methods: Involve the measurement of electrical properties such as voltage, current, resistance and quantity of electrical charge.
CHEM-3245 Quantitative Analysis
Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry
Chapter 1 The Nature of Analytical Chemistry
▪Analytical Chemistry deals with methods for
• All branches of chemistry draw on the ideas and techniques of analytical chemistry.
• The interdisciplinary nature of chemical analysis makes it a vital tool in medical, industrial, government and academic laboratories.
Steps in a quantitative analysis
Stepping Through a Typical Quantitative Analysis
1) Picking a Method: The first step is the selection of a method. Factors need to be considered in the selection process are:
1. Accuracy required 2. Cost of analysis (total investment) 3. Number of sample to be analyzed 4. Time required for analysis 5. Skill required 6. Complexity of the sample 7. Number of components in the sample
Analytical chemistry and other branches of sciences
Classifying Quantitative Analytical Methods
• Gravimetric Methods: Determine the mass of the analyte or some compound chemically related to it.
• Analytical chemistry plays a vital role in the development of science.
• Plays a vital role in many research areas in chemistry, biochemistry, biology, geology, physics and the other sciences.
• Volumetric Methods: The volume of a solution containing sufficient reagent to react completely with the analyte is measured.
• Spectroscopic Methods: Based on measurement of the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and analyte atoms or molecules.
•Quantitative Analysis provides numerical information of
analyte (quantitate the exact amount or concentration).
Analytical Methods
•Classical Methods: Wet chemical methods such as precipitation,
extraction, distillation, boiling or melting points, gravimetric and titrimetric measurements.
•Instrumental Methods: Analytical measurements (conductivity,
Stepping Through a Typical Quantitative Analysis
2) Acquiring the Sample: Sampling is the process of collecting a small mass of a material whose composition accurately represents the bulk of the material from which it was taken. To produce meaningful information, an analysis must be performed on a representative sample. For large heterogeneous sample, great effort is required to get a representative sample. Sometime proper sampling is the most difficult step in an analysis and the source of greatest error. The final result of an analysis will never be any more reliable than the reliability of the sampling step.
determining the chemical composition of samples.
•Qualitative Analysis (identification) provides information about the identity of species or functional groups in the sample (an analyte can be identified).
The Role of Analytical Chemistry
• Chromatographic M Nhomakorabeathods: Separation techniques and quantitation is based on calibration curve.
• Electroanalytical Methods: Involve the measurement of electrical properties such as voltage, current, resistance and quantity of electrical charge.
CHEM-3245 Quantitative Analysis
Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry
Chapter 1 The Nature of Analytical Chemistry
▪Analytical Chemistry deals with methods for
• All branches of chemistry draw on the ideas and techniques of analytical chemistry.
• The interdisciplinary nature of chemical analysis makes it a vital tool in medical, industrial, government and academic laboratories.
Steps in a quantitative analysis
Stepping Through a Typical Quantitative Analysis
1) Picking a Method: The first step is the selection of a method. Factors need to be considered in the selection process are:
1. Accuracy required 2. Cost of analysis (total investment) 3. Number of sample to be analyzed 4. Time required for analysis 5. Skill required 6. Complexity of the sample 7. Number of components in the sample
Analytical chemistry and other branches of sciences
Classifying Quantitative Analytical Methods
• Gravimetric Methods: Determine the mass of the analyte or some compound chemically related to it.
• Analytical chemistry plays a vital role in the development of science.
• Plays a vital role in many research areas in chemistry, biochemistry, biology, geology, physics and the other sciences.
• Volumetric Methods: The volume of a solution containing sufficient reagent to react completely with the analyte is measured.
• Spectroscopic Methods: Based on measurement of the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and analyte atoms or molecules.
•Quantitative Analysis provides numerical information of
analyte (quantitate the exact amount or concentration).
Analytical Methods
•Classical Methods: Wet chemical methods such as precipitation,
extraction, distillation, boiling or melting points, gravimetric and titrimetric measurements.
•Instrumental Methods: Analytical measurements (conductivity,
Stepping Through a Typical Quantitative Analysis
2) Acquiring the Sample: Sampling is the process of collecting a small mass of a material whose composition accurately represents the bulk of the material from which it was taken. To produce meaningful information, an analysis must be performed on a representative sample. For large heterogeneous sample, great effort is required to get a representative sample. Sometime proper sampling is the most difficult step in an analysis and the source of greatest error. The final result of an analysis will never be any more reliable than the reliability of the sampling step.
determining the chemical composition of samples.
•Qualitative Analysis (identification) provides information about the identity of species or functional groups in the sample (an analyte can be identified).