画直方图

首先画坐标系

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections;

namespace Sirc.cem.ZFT
{
///

/// 直角坐标系类
/// 用于表示气象自动站时段内降雨量在各个时间的分布
///

public class ZFTCoordinate
{
private int jtLength = 20; //箭头的长度
private int valueLent = 4; //刻度线的长度
private Hashtable table = new Hashtable(); //记录直方图X轴各个刻度的坐标，用键值对的形式保存在table中

List cellList = null;
///

/// 各个小直方图单元集合
///

public List CellList
{
get
{
return cellList;
}
set { cellList = value; }
}

private double xCellValue = 0; //X轴一个单元格表示的值
///

/// X轴一个单元格表示的值
///

public double XCellValue
{
get { return xCellValue; }
set { xCellValue = value; }
}

private int xCellCount = 0; //X轴单元格的数目
///

/// X轴单元格的数目
///

public int XCellCount
{
get { return xCellCount; }
set { xCellCount = value; }
}

private int xCellLength = 0; //X轴单元格长度
///

/// X轴单元格长度
///

public int XCellLength
{
get { return xCellLength; }
set { xCellLength = value; }
}


private double yCellValue = 0; //Y轴一个单元格表示的值
///

/// Y轴一个单元格表示的值
///

public double YCellValue
{
get { return yCellValue; }
set { yCellValue = value; }
}

private int yCellCount = 0; //Y轴单元格的数目
///

/// Y轴单元格的数目
///

public int YCellCount
{
get { return yCellCount; }
set { yCellCount = value; }
}

private int yCellLength = 0; //Y轴单元格长度
///

/// Y轴单元格长度
///

public int YCellLength
{
get { return yCellLength; }
set { yCellLength = value; }
}

private int xStyle = 0; //X轴的样式，0表示从08点-08点 1表示20点-20点 2表示近多少小时
///

/// X轴的样式，
/// 0表示从08点-08点 也就是fromHour需要加上8
/// 1表示20点-20点 也就是fromHour需要加上20
/// 2表示近多少

小时 fromHour不需要加任何数值
/// 默认是0
///

public int XStyle
{
get { return xStyle; }
set { xStyle = value; }
}

private Point coordinatesOrigin; //坐标原点origin of coordinates
///

/// 坐标原点
///

public Point CoordinatesOrigin
{
get { return coordinatesOrigin; }
set { coordinatesOrigin = value; }
}

private int fromHour = 0; //起点时间
///

/// 起点时间
/// X轴的起点时间
///

public int FromHour
{
get { return fromHour; }
set
{
fromHour = value;
if (fromHour == 8)
xStyle = 0;
else if (fromHour == 20)
xStyle = 1;
else
xStyle = 2;

}
}

public ZFTCoordinate()
{
}

public ZFTCoordinate(double xCellValue, int xCellCount, double yCellValue, int yCellCount)
{
this.xCellCount = xCellCount;
this.xCellValue = xCellValue;
this.yCellCount = yCellCount;
this.yCellValue = yCellValue;
}

///

/// 依据雨量的最大值
/// 计算Y轴刻度值的分布
/// 保证直方图尽量的大
///

///
public void SetYValue(double maxRainfall)
{
if (maxRainfall > 5)
{
//计算Y轴刻度最大值
//计算方法：用最大雨量除以5，取整数加上1,再乘以5
int count1 = Convert.ToInt32(maxRainfall / 5);
int count2 = count1 + 1;
double maxCellValue = count2 * 5;
yCellValue = maxCellValue / 5;
}
else
{
yCellValue = 1;
}
}

///

/// 画直方图
/// 包括坐标系 雨量等
///

///
///
///
public Image Draw(int width,int height)
{
Image img = new Bitmap(width, height);
Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(img);

//画坐标系
DrawXLine(g);
DrawYLine(g);
DrawCell(g, cellList);

g.Dispose();

return img;
}

///

/// 利用坐标系参数 画坐标系
///

///
private void DrawXLine(Graphics g)
{
//坐标原点Co

ordinatesOrigin
//画X轴
//一个单元格一个单元格的画
Point fromPt = coordinatesOrigin;
Point toPt = new Point();
Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Black);
Font font = new Font("宋体", 9);

for (int i = 0; i < xCellCount; i++)
{
//画单元格
toPt = new Point(fromPt.X + xCellLength, fromPt.Y);
g.DrawLine(pen, fromPt, toPt);
//画刻度线
Point xCellValuePoint = new Point(toPt.X, toPt.Y + valueLent);
g.DrawLine(pen, toPt, xCellValuePoint);


//画数值 只画偶数
int hour = i;
if (i % 2 == 0)
{
string s = "";
if (xStyle == 0)
{
hour = hour + 8;
}
else if (xStyle == 1)
{
hour = hour + 20;
}
else
{
if (fromHour % 2 != 0)
hour = hour + fromHour - 1;
else
hour = hour + fromHour;
}

if (hour == 24)
{
hour = 0;
}
else if (hour > 24)
{
hour = hour - 24;
}

s = (hour < 10) ? ("0" + hour) : hour + "";

//保存刻度点 用来画直方图时使用
if (i > 0)
{
table.Add(hour, toPt);
}
else
table.Add(-1, toPt);//X轴第一个点

Point sPoint = new Point(xCellValuePoint.X - 7, xCellValuePoint.Y + 5);
g.DrawString(s, font, Brushes.Black, sPoint);
}
fromPt = toPt;
}
//画箭头
Point jtPoint = new Point(toPt.X + jtLength, toPt.Y);
g.DrawLine(pen, toPt, jtPoint);

g.DrawLine(pen, jtPoint.X, jtPoint.Y, jtPoint.X - jtLength / 4, jtPoint.Y + jtLength / 4);
g.DrawLine(pen, jtPoint.X, jtPoint.Y, jtPoint.X - jtLength / 4, jtPoint.Y - jtLength / 4);

//画单位
Point sjtPoint = new Point(jtPoint.X + 5, jtPoint.Y+5);
string jts = "时";

g.DrawString(jts, font, Brushes.Black, sjtPoint);

pen.Dispose();
font.Dispose();
}
///

/// 利用坐标系参数 画坐标系
///

///
private void DrawYLine(Graphics g)
{

//坐标原点CoordinatesOrigin
//画X轴
//一个单元格一个单元格的画
Point fromPt = coordinatesOrigin;
Point toPt = new Point();
Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Black);
Font font = new Font("宋体", 9);

for (int i = 0; i < yCellCount; i++)
{
//画单元格
toPt = new Point(fromPt.X, fromPt.Y - yCellLength);
g.DrawLine(pen, fromPt, toPt);

//画刻度线
Point yCellValuePoint = new Point(toPt.X - valueLent, toPt.Y);
g.DrawLine(pen, toPt, yCellValuePoint);


//画数值
Point sPoint = new Point(yCellValuePoint.X - 20, yCellValuePoint.Y - 5);
string s = (i + 1) * yCellValue + "";

g.DrawString(s, font, Brushes.Black, sPoint);


fromPt = toPt;
}
//画箭头

Point jtPoint = new Point(toPt.X, toPt.Y - jtLength);
g.DrawLine(pen, toPt, jtPoint);

g.DrawLine(pen, jtPoint.X, jtPoint.Y, jtPoint.X + jtLength / 4, jtPoint.Y + jtLength / 4);
g.DrawLine(pen, jtPoint.X, jtPoint.Y, jtPoint.X - jtLength / 4, jtPoint.Y + jtLength / 4);

//画单位
Point sjtPoint = new Point(jtPoint.X + 10, jtPoint.Y);
string jts = "毫米";
g.DrawString(jts, font, Brushes.Black, sjtPoint);

pen.Dispose();
font.Dispose();
}

///

/// 画直方图
///

///
private void DrawCell(Graphics g,List cellList)
{
if (cellList == null)
return;

Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Black);


foreach (ZFTCell cell in cellList)
{
System.Drawing.Point fromPt = new Point();

int hours = cell.Hour;
if (hours % 2 != 0)
{
hours = hours - 1;

if(hours == fromHour)
fromPt = (Point)table[-1];
else
fromPt = (Point)table[hours];

fromPt.X += xCellLength;
}
else
{
fromPt = (Point)table[hours];
}


int lenth = Convert.ToInt32((cell.Rainfall / yCellValue) * yCellLength);
Point leftUp = new Point(fromPt.X - xCellLength / 2, fromPt.Y - lenth);
Point rightLow = new Point(fromPt.X + xCellLength / 2, fromPt.Y);
Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(leftUp.X, leftUp.Y, rightLow.X - leftUp.X, rightLow.Y - leftUp.Y);
g.FillRectangle(Brushes.LightBlue, rect);

g.DrawRec

tangle(pen, rect);

}
}

}
}



接下来是构造各个直方图单元格

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace Sirc.cem.ZFT
{
///

/// 直方图类
/// 存有雨量值和对应的时间
///

public class ZFTCell
{
private int hour = 0; //几点
///

/// 标志该单元格表示的是几点的雨量
///

public int Hour
{
get { return hour; }
set { hour = value; }
}
private double rainfall = 0; //雨量
///

/// 雨量值
///

public double Rainfall
{
get { return rainfall; }
set { rainfall = value; }
}

public ZFTCell(int hour, double rainfall)
{
this.hour = hour;
this.rainfall = rainfall;
}
}
}


最后是使用方法

//分析直方图的值
double maxRainfall = 0;//表示雨量的最大值，用来计算Y轴刻度值的分布
List cellList = new List();
string[] splitDoller = { "$" };
string[] cellStrArr = s.Split(splitDoller, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
foreach (string cellStr in cellStrArr)
{
if (cellStr.IndexOf("-") == -1)
continue;

string[] splitCellStr = { "-" };
string[] cellInfoArr = cellStr.Split(splitCellStr, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
int hour = Convert.ToInt32(cellInfoArr[0]);
double rainfall = Convert.ToDouble(cellInfoArr[1]);

ZFTCell cell = new ZFTCell(hour, rainfall);
maxRainfall = Math.Max(maxRainfall, rainfall);
cellList.Add(cell);
}

//画直方图
ZFTCoordinate c = new ZFTCoordinate(1, 25, 0, 5);

//fromTime是世界时，而直方图上显示的为北京时，所以要进行一个转换
c.FromHour = fromTime.Hour + 8;

c.SetYValue(maxRainfall);
c.CoordinatesOrigin = new System.Drawing.Point(30, 120);
c.XCellLength = 10;
c.YCellLength = 20;
c.CellList = cellList;
Image img = c.Draw(this.pictureBoxZFT.Width, this.pictureBoxZFT.Height);

this.pictureBoxZFT.Image = img;