年产3万吨醋酐精馏工段工艺设计毕业设计 精品

安徽工程大学毕业设计

年产3万吨醋酐精馏工段工艺设计

摘要

醋酐是国家鼓励发展的基本有机化工原料，主要用于生产醋酸纤维素，其中二醋酸纤维素用于制造香烟过滤嘴和塑料，三醋酸纤维素是制造高级感光胶片的材料，还广泛用于医药，染料，农药，军工，香料，金属抛光等行业。长期以来，我国的氯乙酸生产大都采用硫磺法，存在严重的三废污染，而且能耗较高，劳动强度较大和产品杂质多等缺陷。醋酐法氯乙酸工艺的投产，既解决了三废污染又大大减轻了工人的劳动强度，改善了工作环境。醋酐法生产氯乙酸的最大优点是不含硫，弥补了硫酸法氯乙酸的最大缺陷，并可用作食品添加剂。

本文主要介绍醋酐精馏合成的各种工艺方法及发展前景，目前主要方法有乙醛氧化法，乙烯酮法，醋酸甲酯羰基化法。在这里，主要讨论乙烯酮法的具体工艺流程，并且对吸收塔设备的各个部件进行了设计，将此反应过程中物料和能量进行了衡算。吸收塔设备设计的内容和步骤，塔设备的强度和稳定性计算。用AutoCAD将化工工艺流程设计和设备设计，并对吸收塔和厂区设备布置图进行了绘制。

关键词：醋酐；精馏；乙烯酮法；工艺设计

张强：年产3万吨醋酐精馏工段工艺设计

Annual output of 30000tons of acetic anhydride distillation process design

Abstract

Acetic anhydride is the country to encourage the development of basic organic chemical raw materials, mainly used for the production of cellulose acetate, of which two cellulose acetate is used in the manufacture of cigarette filter tip and plastic, three cellulose acetate is the manufacturing of advanced film material, is widely used in medicine, dyes, pesticides, military, spices, metal finishing industries.For a long time, China's chloroacetic acid production with sulfur method mostly, serious pollution, and high energy consumption, large labor intensity and more product impurities and other defects.Process for the production of chloroacetic acid by acetic anhydride method, not only solved the pollution and greatly reduce the labor intensity of workers, improves the working environment. The production of chloroacetic acid anhydride method has the advantage of no sulfur, sulfuric acid chloroacetic acid makes up the biggest defect, and can be used as a food additive.

This paper mainly introduces the acetic anhydride distillation for the synthesis of various process methods and the prospects for development, at present the main method of oxidation of acetaldehyde, ethylene ketone, methyl acetate by carbonylation.Here, mainly discusses the ketene method the specific process, and the absorption tower equipment in various parts of the design, the reaction process of material and energy for the balance.Absorption tower equipment design content and steps, the strength and stability of tower equipment. Using AutoCAD to chemical process design and equipment design, and the absorption tower and plant equipment layout of drawing.

Key words: acetic anhydride; distillation; ethylene ketone method; process design

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安徽工程大学毕业论文设计

目录

摘要 ..................................................................................................................................... I Abstract.............................................................................................................................. I I 引言 .................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。第1章概述 .................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.1 本课题的设计背景及现实意义......................................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.2 醋酐的理化性质................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

1.3 醋酐的作用与用途............................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

1.4 醋酐的危险性..................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.4 醋酐中毒的急救措施......................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.6 醋酐的操作处置及存储..................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.7 醋酐的研究进展................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

1.8 醋酐的毒理学性质............................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

1.9 拟解决的问题..................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。第2章工艺设计原理 (8)

2.1 产品介绍............................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

2.2 反应原理............................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。第3章工艺流程设计 .................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

3.1 工艺流程............................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

3.2 中控分析工序控制参数..................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

3.3 物料回收............................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

3.4 泄露应急处理..................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。第4章工艺计算 ............................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。

4.1 物料衡算............................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

4.2 蒸发工序热量衡算............................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

4.3 精馏塔热量衡算................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。第5章主要设备计算及选型 ........................................................ 错误！未定义书签。

5.1 精馏塔塔高的计算............................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

5.2 精馏塔塔径的计算............................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

5.3 冷凝器的设计..................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

5.4 泵的计算............................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

5.5 接管设计计算..................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

5.6 接管设计计算结果表......................................................... 错误！未定义书签。第6章车间布局设计 .................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

6.1 车间布置设计重要性......................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

6.2 车间生产要求..................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

6.3 车间安全要求..................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

6.4 车间发展要求..................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。结论和展望 . (23)

致谢 .................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。参考文献 .......................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

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