船舶冷藏箱自动控制系统故障分析与处理

船舶冷藏箱自动控制系统故障分析与处理

摘要

冷藏集装箱(Reefer container)是指一种有良好隔热，且能维持一定低温要求，适用于各类易腐食品的运送、贮存的特殊集装箱。冷藏集装箱的基本类型有保温集装箱、外置式冷藏集装箱、内藏式冷藏集装箱、液氮和干冰冷藏集装箱、冷冻板冷藏集装等。船舶冷藏集装箱作为冷藏运输工具是整个食品冷藏运输的重要组成部分。由于包括人为因素在内的各种各样的原因，使得船舶冷藏集装箱故障经常发生，从而造成了很大的经济损失，使得公司信誉受损。而对于船舶冷藏集装箱故障的研究在国内还不是很多。以此为背景，以Carrier型冷藏箱为例，对船舶冷藏集装箱故障进行分析研究，以期为船舶冷藏集装箱的安全可靠运行提供高效的管理方式。

首先介绍了Carrier型冷藏箱的组成和原理，着重介绍了各工况的控制过程，其次列举了一些船员在日常工作中，遇到的保养知识，结合控制电路，进行了详细的故障分析，最后为故障排查提供了一些自己的思路。

关键字：冷藏箱，结构，控制电路，故障排除

Abstract

Reefer container is a kind of special container which has good heat insulation and can maintain a certain low temperature. It is suitable for the transportation and storage of perishable food. The basic types of reefer container s include insulated containers, external reefer containers, internal reefer containers, liquid nitrogen and dry ice reefer containers, frozen plate reefer containers, etc. As a means of refrigerated transportation, refrigerated container is an important part of the whole food refrigerated transportation. Due to a variety of reasons including human factors, ship reefer container failure often occurs, which has caused great economic losses and damaged the company's reputation. However, there are not many researches on the fault of reefer container in China. In this paper, based on this background, Carrier type refrigerator is taken as an example to analyze and study the fault of ship reefer container, so as to provide an efficient management mode for the safe and reliable operation of ship reefer container.

This paper first introduced the composition and principle of Carrier type cooler, and emphatically introduced the control process of each working condition. Secondly, it listed the maintenance knowledge encountered by some crew members in their daily work, combined with the control circuit, carried out a detailed fault analysis, and finally provided some ideas for troubleshooting. Due to the limited time and their own level, this article is not very comprehensive, only for the reference of the crew. Expect more comprehensive and detailed articles to solve the problem.

Keywords: Refrigerator, Structure, Control circuit, Troubleshooting

目录

1冷藏箱的发展 (2)

2 Carrier型冷藏箱简介 (3)

2.1 Carrier冷藏箱的主要组成 (3)

2.1.1 水冷式冷凝器部分 (3)

2.1.2风冷式冷凝器部分 (3)

2.1.3 蒸发器部分 (4)

2.1.4 压缩机部分 (5)

2.1.5 控制箱部分 (6)

2.2Carrier型冷藏箱的工作原理 (7)

2.2.1制冷循环 (7)

2.2.2加热循环 (8)

2.2.3除霜循环 (9)

2.2.4启停控制 (10)

2.2.5安全保护装置 (11)

3Carrier型冷藏箱的故障与诊断 (12)

3.1carrier型冷藏箱故障诊断流程 (12)

3.1.1冷藏箱的运行 (12)

3.1.2冷藏箱诊断流程图 (13)

3.2 carrier冷藏箱的故障诊断与排除 (15)

3.2.1 机组不能启动或启动后就停机 (15)

3.2.2 机组长时间或不停制冷运行 (16)

3.2.3 机组运转，但制冷量不足 (16)

3.2.4 机组不加热或是加热不足 (17)

3.2.5 机组加热不止 (18)

3.2.6 机组除霜失常 (18)

3.2.7 机组除霜失常 (19)

3.2.8 压力失常（制冷） (19)

3.2.9 异常噪音或振动 (20)

3.2.10 微处理器故障 (21)

3.2.11 蒸发器空气流动受阻或被限制 (21)

3.2.12 电子膨胀阀故障 (21)

3.2.13 自耦变压器故障 (22)

3.2.14 水冷式冷凝器或水压开关失灵 (23)

3.2.15 压缩机反向运行 (23)

3.2.16 温度失常 (23)

4Carrier型冷藏箱的管理 (24)

4.1 冷藏箱的日常巡检工作 (24)

4.2冷藏箱的修理 (24)