确认判决执行力问题的分析与研讨

确认判决执行力问题的分析与研讨

内容摘要

我国民事诉讼法学教科书普遍认为，确认判决没有执行力。但是我们发现，在司法实践中，一些确认判决是有执行力的。并且为了实现确认判决价值的最大化，也有必要在满足执行力要件的情况下，赋予部分判决以执行力，当事人可以持此确认判决向人民法院申请强制执行。

我们认为，应当以事实求是的态度来对待确认判决的执行力问题。承认部分确认判决具有执行力，并且需要具有执行力，体现了权利保障的诉讼目的，体现了对弱势群体的特殊保护。这也兼顾了诉讼经济理念，使得法定权利的享有者不必再行起诉即可享有强制执行的申请权。此外还体现了对当事人处分权的尊重，因为确认判决具有执行力只是法院有了执行的可能，但还有赖于当事人处分权的行使。总之，承认部分确认判决具有执行力，不但符合“有原则必有例外”的法律原则，而且有利于民事判决效力理论的更新和重整。

除引言和结语外，本文可以分为三个部分：

第一部分，论述了确认判决执行力具有理论和司法实践两个方面的价值和意义；

第二部分，论述了确认判决执行力的概况及其原因；

第三部分，从理论和司法实践两个角度分析了确认判决的执行力，并且构建民事确认判决执行力的三种类型及其理论和司法实践中的配套措施。

关键词：确认判决；广义的执行力；诉讼经济；民事案由

Abstract

Confirmation of executive force issue did not cause the attention of the academia. It lies in the Civil Procedure Law Textbooks in no clear confirmation decision is no execution. But in contrast with payment judgment for confirmation, no execution. But in judicial practice there are still some confirmation decision is executable. And in order to achieve recognition judgments to maximize the value of the expression, it is necessary to confer a civil case as long as the confirmation decision execution elements of the case, can be determined according to court for enforcement of judgments of confirmation of legal rights.

This paper reveals the confirmation decision is executable. First, discusses the confirmation decision execution has the theory and judicial practice two aspects of value and significance; secondly, discusses the confirmation decision execution profiles and reason; finally, from the theory and judicial two aspects constructing civil confirmation decision is with executive force.

Seek truth from facts should be oriented towards the principle of exception that confirmation in certain condition under control is the execution. This reflects the legal protection of the rights of seek truth from facts with respect to the lawsuit purpose, especially the protection of disadvantaged groups in the specific legal relation; to give consideration to economic litigation value concept, so that the legal right of the person no longer suit can enjoy performing application right; to respect the disposition of the parties, because the confirmation with the implementation of power is a court with possible of execution, but also depends on the parties for the exercise of the right of disposition. Confirmation of executive force element control lies in: to confirm the decision by determining the content of legal relations is the statutory rights and obligations rather than contract.

Besides the introduction and the conclusion, this article can be divided into three parts:

The first part, discusses the confirmation decision execution has the theory and judicial practice two aspects of value and meaning;

The second part, discusses the confirmation decision execution profiles and its causes;