汉译英第一讲
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
b. A little thought will reveal that these words add nothing to the meanΒιβλιοθήκη Baidung of the sentence.
3. 由于订单减少，广东地区许多工厂不得不 减产和裁员。
a. Because demand decreased, many factories in Guangdong had to reduce
3. 我打听那女孩回国后的情况，人们告诉我她已在悲 伤和孤独中去世了。 a. I enquired about what happened to the girl
after she returned to China, and people told me that she had died of grief and loneliness. b. I enquired about what happened to the girl after she returned to China, and was told that she had
“ black” ticket.
(2) 必须是句中应该突出的信息
1.这次国家调动了160万军队去帮助守护大 堤，将被洪水淹没地区的百姓迁走。 1.6 million troops have been mobilized to help protect the dikes and to move people out of areas being flooded.
production and cut jobs.
b. Decreased demand forced many factories in Guangdong to reduce production and
cut jobs.
(4) 必须符合英语的逻辑搭配习惯
1. 我们的事业从胜利走上胜利。
a. Our cause has won victories one after
another.
b. We have won one victory after another
for our cause.
2. 一张白纸可以画出最美的图画。 a. A piece of blank paper can draw the most beautiful pictures. b. We can draw the most beautiful pictures on a piece of blank paper.
b. A large number of young people are drawn to America, who seek to realize their American dream.
(3) 必须符合英美人的思维视角
1. 我激动得说不出话来。 a. I was too excited to utter a word. b. Words failed me. 2. 我一时记不起他的名字。 a. I forgot his name.
汉译英第一讲
选择主语应该遵循的原则
1. 在无主句的翻译中必须添加必要的主语 2. 必须是句中应该突出的信息 3. 必须符合英美人的思维视角 4. 必须符合英语的逻辑搭配习惯 5.必须符合行文连贯的需要
（1）在无主句的翻译中必须添加必要的主语 1. 下雨了。 It is raining. 2. 改革开放胆子要大一些，要敢于试验。 We must be courageous enough to venture on experiments as far as reforms are concerned
2.人们已把李白的诗集译成许多外国文字。 Li Bai’s poems have been translated into many foreign languages.
3. 美国吸引了大批要圆美国梦的青年。 a. America has drawn a large number of young people who seek to realize their American dream.
3. 要坐轮船坐飞机，自然也有办法。只要往
各地去请托，找关系，或者干脆买张黑
票。
I can go by steamer or aircraft if I care to.
I can simply go around fishing for help or
personal connections, or just buy a
b. The thick carpet on the corridor killed the
sound of my footsteps.
2 你稍微想想就能发现这些词语并没有增加 句子的意义。
a. If you think a little, you will find that these words add nothing to the meaning of the sentence.
b. For my father, painting was a governing passion. It came before Mother, his children and even himself.
2.他用双手攀着上面， 两脚再往上缩；他肥胖 的身子向左微倾，现出努力的样子。 His hands held onto the upper part of the platform, his legs huddled up and his corpulent body tipped slightly towards the left, obviously making an enormous exertion.
(5) 必须符合行文连贯的需要
1. 我父亲迷上了绘画，绘画成了他生活的一 切，要
比母亲，孩子甚至他自己更重要。
a. My father was obsessed with painting. It
was everything to him. It came before
Mother, his children and even himself.
died of grief and loneliness.
翻译练习： 但是，回转来想，从前没有轮船，没有飞 机，历来走川江的人都坐木船。就是如今，上 上下下的还有许多人在那里坐木船。如果统计 起来，人数该比坐轮船坐飞机的多。人家可以 坐，我就不能坐吗？我又不比人家高贵。
Now, on reflection, I realize that in the days before steamers and aircraft came into use, people used to travel by wooden boat up and down the Sichuan section of the Yangtse River. Even today many continued to do so, and statistics will show a higher percentage of people traveling by wooden boat than by steamer or aircraft. Why shouldn’t I do the same? Why should I think it beneath myself to travel by wooden boat?
b. His name escaped me.
(注）原文中表示条件，原因等意思的词语可
用作主语：
1. 走廊的地毯厚厚的，我走在上面一点脚步声 也没有。 a. The carpet on the corridor was so thick that
I made no sound walking over it.
3. 由于订单减少，广东地区许多工厂不得不 减产和裁员。
a. Because demand decreased, many factories in Guangdong had to reduce
3. 我打听那女孩回国后的情况，人们告诉我她已在悲 伤和孤独中去世了。 a. I enquired about what happened to the girl
after she returned to China, and people told me that she had died of grief and loneliness. b. I enquired about what happened to the girl after she returned to China, and was told that she had
“ black” ticket.
(2) 必须是句中应该突出的信息
1.这次国家调动了160万军队去帮助守护大 堤，将被洪水淹没地区的百姓迁走。 1.6 million troops have been mobilized to help protect the dikes and to move people out of areas being flooded.
production and cut jobs.
b. Decreased demand forced many factories in Guangdong to reduce production and
cut jobs.
(4) 必须符合英语的逻辑搭配习惯
1. 我们的事业从胜利走上胜利。
a. Our cause has won victories one after
another.
b. We have won one victory after another
for our cause.
2. 一张白纸可以画出最美的图画。 a. A piece of blank paper can draw the most beautiful pictures. b. We can draw the most beautiful pictures on a piece of blank paper.
b. A large number of young people are drawn to America, who seek to realize their American dream.
(3) 必须符合英美人的思维视角
1. 我激动得说不出话来。 a. I was too excited to utter a word. b. Words failed me. 2. 我一时记不起他的名字。 a. I forgot his name.
汉译英第一讲
选择主语应该遵循的原则
1. 在无主句的翻译中必须添加必要的主语 2. 必须是句中应该突出的信息 3. 必须符合英美人的思维视角 4. 必须符合英语的逻辑搭配习惯 5.必须符合行文连贯的需要
（1）在无主句的翻译中必须添加必要的主语 1. 下雨了。 It is raining. 2. 改革开放胆子要大一些，要敢于试验。 We must be courageous enough to venture on experiments as far as reforms are concerned
2.人们已把李白的诗集译成许多外国文字。 Li Bai’s poems have been translated into many foreign languages.
3. 美国吸引了大批要圆美国梦的青年。 a. America has drawn a large number of young people who seek to realize their American dream.
3. 要坐轮船坐飞机，自然也有办法。只要往
各地去请托，找关系，或者干脆买张黑
票。
I can go by steamer or aircraft if I care to.
I can simply go around fishing for help or
personal connections, or just buy a
b. The thick carpet on the corridor killed the
sound of my footsteps.
2 你稍微想想就能发现这些词语并没有增加 句子的意义。
a. If you think a little, you will find that these words add nothing to the meaning of the sentence.
b. For my father, painting was a governing passion. It came before Mother, his children and even himself.
2.他用双手攀着上面， 两脚再往上缩；他肥胖 的身子向左微倾，现出努力的样子。 His hands held onto the upper part of the platform, his legs huddled up and his corpulent body tipped slightly towards the left, obviously making an enormous exertion.
(5) 必须符合行文连贯的需要
1. 我父亲迷上了绘画，绘画成了他生活的一 切，要
比母亲，孩子甚至他自己更重要。
a. My father was obsessed with painting. It
was everything to him. It came before
Mother, his children and even himself.
died of grief and loneliness.
翻译练习： 但是，回转来想，从前没有轮船，没有飞 机，历来走川江的人都坐木船。就是如今，上 上下下的还有许多人在那里坐木船。如果统计 起来，人数该比坐轮船坐飞机的多。人家可以 坐，我就不能坐吗？我又不比人家高贵。
Now, on reflection, I realize that in the days before steamers and aircraft came into use, people used to travel by wooden boat up and down the Sichuan section of the Yangtse River. Even today many continued to do so, and statistics will show a higher percentage of people traveling by wooden boat than by steamer or aircraft. Why shouldn’t I do the same? Why should I think it beneath myself to travel by wooden boat?
b. His name escaped me.
(注）原文中表示条件，原因等意思的词语可
用作主语：
1. 走廊的地毯厚厚的，我走在上面一点脚步声 也没有。 a. The carpet on the corridor was so thick that
I made no sound walking over it.