不定式做宾补知识讲解

动词不定式做宾语补足语

动词不定式在句子中可以用作宾语补足语，常用的“动词+宾语+不定式”的句子结构中，不定式作宾语补足语的有以下几种类型：(下列句子中划线部分作宾语补足语)

一、许多动词可跟一个“宾语 + to do…”构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语；否定形式为“动词+宾语+not to do…”。例如：

My boss told me to type out two letters.

分析：句中“My boss”做主语，“told”作谓语，“me”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。

They forbid her to leave the country.

适用于“动词+宾语+(not)to do…”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise，allow，ask，beg，cause，direct，encourage，expect，forbid，force，invite，order，permit，persuade，remind，request，require，teach，tell，want，warn等。

二、有些动词(感官动词和使动词)后可跟不带to的不定式构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如：

He saw her enter the room.

分析：句中“He”做主语，“saw”作谓语，“her”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。

She won't let me do it.

I heard her lock the door.

适用于“动词+宾语+do…”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：feel，have，hear，let，make，notice，observe，see，watch等。还有两个词组：listen to，look at。

三、help后的不定式可加to，也可不加to(美国人不加to时较多)，但被动结构中要加to。

如：I'll help you(to) push the car.

分析：句中“I”做主语，“will help”作谓语，“you”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。

动词不定式作状语

不定式作状语可以表示行为的目的、结果、原因等。(to do/ not to do)

1.表示目的

To save the child, he laid down his life.

注意：有时为了强调或突出这种目的，也可以用in order (not) to do,和so as (not) to do结构（so as to do不可以置于句首）。

The WWF is working hard to save them all,

He shouted and waved in order to be noticed.

In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved

I'll write down his telephone number so as not to forget it.

2.表示结果

He got to the station only to find the train had gone.

He got to the station only to be told the train had gone.

We came home to find our garden neat and tidy.我们回到家里发现花园整整齐齐。

3.表示原因

I was a fool not to listen to you at that time.

I’m glad to see you.

1. They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.

A. grow

B. grew

C. was growing

D. to grow

2. The teacher asked us ___ so much noise.(2003北京)

A. don't make

B. not make

C. not making

D. not to make

3. My advisor encouraged ___ a summer course to improve my writing skills.

A. for me taking

B. me taking

C. for me to take

D. me to take

4. The mother felt herself ___ cold and her hands trembled as she read the sad letter.

A. grow

B. grown

C. to grow

D. to have grown

5. Energy drinks are not allowed ___ in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.(2006上海)

A. to make

B. to be made

C. to have been made

D. to be making

6. He ran all the way up to the station ______ that the train had left fifteen minutes before.

A. in order to find

B. so as to find

C. only to find

D. such as to find