英语被动语态的用法与讲解

4) They watch the children sing that morning. The children were watched to sing that morning.
主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况(2):
1) Someone gave the boy an apple.
(间接宾语) (直接宾语)
6. English is used_a_s__the second language
in some countries.
7. Some of the letters are written __in___ French.
8. The song was written __b_y__a teacher. 9. The article was written _w__it_h_ a pen.
e.g. The pen ___w_r_i_t_e_s__(write) very fast.
This kind of sweater __s_e_ll_s__(sell) well.
3.I found the ticket on the floor.
__T__h_e_ _t_ic_k_e_t_ __w_a_s__ _fo_u__n_d_ on the floor.
use …for A camera is used for taking photos.
dig The earth is being dug now.
already eat up The food has been eaten up already.
各种时态的被动语态构成
1）一般现在时：You are invited to do this.
何时使用被动语态呢？
一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法 说出动作的执行者时。例如：
Football is played all over the world．
二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的 执行者时。例如：
My bike was stolen．我的自行车被盗了。
三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有 人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：
1. We speak English. English is spoken by us.
2. The nurse take good care of us. We are taken good care of by the nurse.
3. My parents love me. I am loved by my parents.
2. 连系动词（Link.v.)不用被动语态。如：be、look、seem、feel、 sound、smell、taste、get、turn、become…
e.g. Peking Opera __s_o_u_n_d__s_ (sound) beautiful.
3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态 。
A.一般现在时的被动语态： am is + p.p. (过去分词) are
1. They bought ten computers last term．
Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. B.一般过去时S+was/were +过去分词
1．Amy can take good care of Gina ．
各种时态的被动语态构成 一般现在时：S+am/is /are +P.P 一般过去时：S+was/were +P.P. 一般将来时：S+ will+be+ P.P. 过去将来时：S+would +be+p.p. 现在进行时：S+ am/is/are + being + P.P. 过去进行时：S+ was/were+being+ P.P. 现在完成时：S+ have/has + been+ P.P. 过去完成时：S+ had + been+ P.P. 情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+P.P.
1) I heard him sing last night. He was heard to sing last night.
2) We saw him walk into the building. He was seen to walk into the building.
3) The boss made them work 10 hours a day. They were made to work 10 hours a day.
6.Now people can use computers to help them.
Now computers __c_a_n___ __b_e___ _u__se_d__ to help them.
7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year? __W__er_e__ __m_a_n_y_ __t_r_e_e_s_ _p_l_a_n_t_ed_ at this time last time?
Twenty more keys have been made by us. F.现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词
1．I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night．
My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. G.过去进行时： S+ was/were+being+过去分词
8.Must we finish our work today?
_M_u_s_t___ our work__b_e___ _fi_n_is_h_e_d_ today?
9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps. 1) __w_e____ __w_e_r_e_ __g_i_v_e_n_ some wonderful stamps.
His brother washes bowls every day.
主
谓 宾(受动者)
Bowls are washed by his brother every day.
注意被动语态中介词的搭配：
1. All the chairs in the room are made ___o_f___wood.
Gina can be taken good care of by Amy. C.情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词
1.They will finish the work in ten days.
The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. D.一般将来时： S+ will+be+过去分词
It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and ……
It was reported that her mother died of SARS. 众所周知… … It is well known that … 据推测说… … It is supposed that …
An apple was given (to) the boy. The boy was given an apple. 2) His father bought him a present. A present was bought for him. He was bought a present.
1. Some workers are painting the rooms now．
The rooms are being painted by some workers now. E.现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词
1．We have made twenty more keys．
被动语态基本用法
当句子的主语是动作的执行者时， 谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的 主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用 被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+ 过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出 来。
A recorder is used in our English class every day.
play Football is played all over the world.
记
1. show sth to sb / show sb sth sth is shown to sb.
住
sb is shown sth 2. give sth to sb / give sb sth
它 sth is given to sb
sb is gvien sth
们 3. bring sth to sb / bring sb sth
4.I told her to return the book in time.
She __w__a_s_ __t_o_ld___ to return the book in time.
5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.
He __w_a_s__ _m__a_d_e__ ___t_o___ __h_a_v_e__ only two meals a day.
2. The wine is made __f_r_o_m___ grapes. 3. The machine was made ____b_y_____
Uncle Wang. 4. This kind of bike is made_i_n__China. 5. The radio is used __b_y__ Mike _f_o_r_ learning English.
sth is brought to sb
sb is brought sth
下列情况不能用被动语态:
1. 不及物动词（vi.)不用被动语态。如:happen、take place 、 appear、 disappear…
e.g. A traffic accident __h_a_p_p__e_n_e_d__(happen) just now.
四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。
例如：
Tina is asked to come by Paul． Tina是被Paul叫来的。 五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如： He was born in October，1989．
主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况(1):
有些动词在主动结构中，后面接不带to的不定式，但 如果改成被动句，则需把省略的to加上，这类动词有： hear, see, watch, make, help, let 等。
2）一般过去时：The story was told by her.
3）一般将来时：The problem will be discussed tomorrow.
4）过去将来时：The 16th sports meeting would be held this week.
4）现在进行时：The question is being discussed in the meeting room.
5）过去进行时：The new road was being made.
6）现在完成时：The novel has been read.
7) 过去完成时：These words had been learnt by us before last week.
8) 情态动词：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.
改为被动语态
He has to look after the little baby.
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
主
谓
宾(受动者)
The little baby has to be looked after by him.
Tom will clean the room tomorrow.
主
谓
宾(受动者)
The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.