任务型写作之summary概括写法

(6) Change the order of the words. 词序改变法 The secret of success was patience.
________ was ___________________. Patience the secret of success
(7) Omit the details细节省略法 Don’t always scold and give lots of praise instead. Don’t scold and give praise instead. ———————————————
How to sum up a passage?
Step1
Styles of passages
1 2 3
narration
argumentation exposition
Styles of Passages
Styles（体裁）
Narration (记叙文) Argumentation (议论文) Exposition (说明文)
Some Summary Models for You
(1)Narration Summary Models (记叙文概要模板) (2)Argumentation Summary Models (议论文概要模板) (3)Exposition Summary Models (说明文概要模板)
点明写作目的类： The writer tells us…（主题）by showing us an example of…, who/which…（故事情节）. 作者经历类： In the passage, the writer mainly tells us his experience of doing sth, which…… 他人经历类： This passage is mainly about sb’s experience of doing sth…..
(5)Use the shortest possible transitions 连词衔接法
注意使用一些短而精的连词，如but, and, so, while, however, then, thus, yet, for, therefore, including, instead of 等。
We should encourage children. We should not scold them. We should encourage children__________ instead of scolding them.
Task 3: Write a summary Passage 1
关键词 、句 (1)the writer, an old man, fishing, experience, teach sb. a lesson, (2)The secret of success was patience.
(1) 连词成句 __________had____________________ a fishing experience The writer with an __________who _________________. old man taught him a lesson
(4)Change the structure of a sentence 句式变化法 语态变换： Parents should give children more praise. Children should__________moபைடு நூலகம்e praise. be given
简单句变复合句： Children should be encouraged more. This will help them learn faster. Children should be encouraged more, _______ which will help them learn faster. Children are given more praise. They will achieve more success. given more praise children will When _________________, achieve more success.
（1）如有标题，标题中的蕴含的信息往往是关键。 （2）任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因 此许多文章中最明显的特点是有一个反复出现的 中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它便 容易抓住文章的中心。
How to sum up a passage?
1. Recognize the style of the passage so as to choose the pattern to begin your summary. 2. Read through the passage as quick as you can and find the key sentences or key words. 3. Use your own words to summarize rather than use the original sentences directly copied from the passage.
(2) 词序变化法 Patience was the secret of success.
The writer had a fishing experience with an old man who taught him a lesson. Patience was the secret of success. 句式变化法 The writer had a fishing experience with an old man who taught him a lesson that patience was the secret of success. The writer tells us…（主题）by showing us an example of…, who/which…（故事 情节）.
Task 2：
Rewrite the sentences according to the skills.
(1)Use words of similar meanings 同义替换法
I didn’t catch any fish owing to the fact that I was not patient. I didn’t catch any fish_________ because I was not patient.
Functions（功能）
describe a person or an event, with afterthoughts
show the writer’s point of view introduce something, eg. a phenomenon
Task 1:
Please glance through the 3 given passages and recognize the styles of them.
(1) 记叙文概要模板
• The article gives the view that… should/shouldn’t…（主题）. …..（补充论据）. • The passage highlights(强调) the importance of sth….. • The author argues that…
Passage 2: 关键句
(1) Don’t always scold and give lots of praise instead.
细节省略法
Don’t scold and give praise instead.
词序变化法、连词衔接法
Give praise instead of scolding.
(2) 议论文概要模板
• 现象揭示类： This article points out the common phenomenon -----… （主题), which…..（补充解释）. • 利弊对比类：
The article compares the disadvantages/ benefits of A and B. A…while B… The passage discusses the impact(影响)of sth. On the positive side…, but it may also….
HOW TO WRITE A SUMMARY
Definition（定义）
A summary is a short account/paragraph giving the main points of something longer or detailed.
Summary 这是07年广东高考读写任务的新形式和新要求。
Key for Passage 1:
The writer tells us patience was very important and that it was the secret of success by showing us an example of his unforgettable fishing experience with an old man, who taught him a lesson. ( 35 words)
• 研究显示类： (3) 说明文概要模板 The study reveals(揭露) that… The purpose of the report is to show that…
How to sum up a passage? styles
narration
Step2 关键句
How to find the key sentences or key words?
(8) Make use of the meaning of a sentence 句意理解法 Shopping on the Internet is becoming increasingly popular.
___________________________ More and more people prefer ___________________________ Internet shopping.
广东高考概括部分评分细则
1.完全糊涂地照抄原文，连人称都不改 的，得0分； 2. 机械死板地照抄原文，只改人称的，得 1分； 3. 稍微灵活地抄原文，改主语、宾语、原 文词序的，得2分； 4. 创造性地抄，改主语、宾语、原文词序 还有句子结构的，最多得3分； 5. 结构、用词、词性变化比较好的得4至5 分。
(2)Adopt the opposite way when saying a sentence正话反说法
You will fail. You will ____________. not succeed
(3)Change the part of speech 词性转换法
Patience is very important. Patience is _____________________. of great importance
抓住who, what happened, 及the writer’s purpose
argumentation exposition
通常抓住首段和尾段 抓住首段或各段首句
The Steps of Writing a Summary
(1)定时态：如果阅读材料是过去时，那么基 本时态用过去时；如果是现在的，那么基 本时态用现在时； (2)定人称：一般情况下采用第三人称来写作， 特殊如书信的，可能会使用第一、二人称； (3)定技巧：结合相关技巧，重新组句。
词性变换法
Praise children instead of scolding them.