U4 Grammar(doing)

an old friend of mine. 2.After I had finished the work, I went to bed.
Having finished the work, I went to bed.
2) 表原因状语 1.As he was ill, he didn’t go to school.
现在分词作状语
现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或 整个句子，表示动作发生的原因、时间、 方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分 词一般不用作表目的地状语（通常用不定 式表目的地状语）。
1）表时间状语
1.When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.) Walking in the street, I came across
1. Four people entered the room looking around curiously. 2. Being poor, he can’t afford a TV set. 3. Working hard, you’ll surely succeed. 4. Hearing the news, he was frightened. 5. They worked day and night, finishing the work ahead of time. 6. He came running to tell me the news. 注：现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语 要和句子的主语一致，并且有逻辑上 的主谓关系。
Attention Please
动词-ing形式作状语时, 它的逻辑主语必 须与主句的主语是一致的。
Time permitting, I will pay a visit to the whole city.
(分词的逻辑主语是time, 而句子的主语是I, 句子的主语和分词不构成主谓关系, 所以 只能用独立主格结构, 也就是给现在分词 补充一个主语。)
Being ill, he didn’t go to school.
2.Since you are a student, you should study hard. Being a student, you should study hard. 3.As I thought he might be at home, I called him.
Thinking he might be at home, I called him.
3)表方式、伴随情况的状语 ：作伴随状语的分 词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个 动作，或是 与谓语所表示地动作（或状态）同时发生，或 是对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补 充说明。 He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.
5. “Can’t you read?” the man said, angrily pointed toຫໍສະໝຸດ Baiduthe notice on the wall. pointing
6. Knocking at the door before entering, please. Knock 7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world. making
分词的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动 词表示的动作同时发生或之后发生。
(08福建）_________ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having waited D. To have waited
The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.
过去分词短语作后置定语 The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, who was closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.
having done ( 主动） 分词的完成式 having been done（被动）
分词的完成式所表示的动作在谓语 动作之前已经完成
语态 时态 一般式
主动语态 (not) doing
被动语态 (not) being done
(not) (not) 完成式 having done having been done
4) 表结果
Her mother died in 1990, and left her with her younger brother. Her mother died in 1990, leaving her with her younger brother. 全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受 欢 迎地歌曲。 The song is sung all over the
2. 也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态
…his nose touched George’s moving hand …recognized Tony Garcia’s smiling face
3. 动词-ing短语作定语时一般放在它所修 饰的名词之后, 相当于一个定语从句。 Yesterday, another student and I, representing our university’s student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year’s international students. Yesterday, another student and I, who represented our university’s student association, went to …
He sat on the sofa, watching TV.
他们笑着谈着走进了教室。 Laughing and talking, they went into the classroom. __________________ 他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。 He stood leaning against the wall.(＝He stood and leaned against the wall.)
Unit 4 Grammar
The Use of -ing Form (3)
动词-ing 形式在句中作定语和状语 是本单元的学习重点。
-ing形式作定语
1. 单个的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰
名词的前面, 可以表示被修饰者的作
用或功能，如：
enter the waiting area carry a walking stick
3. The boy standing there is reading a book about body language. The boy ____ who __ is ________ standing there is reading a book about body language. 4. Because he comes from Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question. _______ _____ from Jordan, he moves close Coming to ask you a question.
_________ the passage a second time, the main idea will become clearer to you. A.When you read B. Reading C. Your having read D. If reading
Having suffered _______________(suffer) his disease for many years, he is very weak now.
Finding her car stolen, ____________.
A. a policeman was asked to help.
B. the area was searched thoroughly
C. it was looked for everywhere
D. she hurried to a policeman for help
(08陕西) __________ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. A. Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. To show
Generally speaking, young people are fond of pop music. Taking everything into consideration, you should leave.
Rewrite the following sentences. 1. When he approached Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her. ______ When ___________ approaching Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her. 2. The person who is translating the songs can speak seven languages. The person translating _________ ___ the ______can songs speak seven languages.
改错
1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it. Not having 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. working 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. Seeing 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too. speaking
Judging from his appearance, he is a wealthy man.
分词的逻辑主语既不是句子的主 语，也不是独立主格结构
悬垂分词
7. While watching television, ________. (2005全国卷III) A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings
making it the most popular song country,________________________________.
5)表条件 If you use your head, you will find a way. Using your head, you will find a way. Use your head, and you will find a way. Walking ahead you will see a white house. ______________,