英语单词转换法

英语单词转换法
英语单词转换法

英语单词转换法

一个单词有一种词类用作另一种词类的方法称为转换法。如:back一词,能转换成很多词类,如:back n.后面,v.支持,a.后面的,过期的,adv.回来,恢复等。由于词类的转换,其词义产生变化,在做词汇题或是在理解文章中的句子时,在判断某个词的含义时,应该首先应该借助该词所在句子的语法结构判断该词的词类,然后再借助该词前后的搭配结构语义来最终确认词义。例如:

present n. (现在,目前,礼物)

When Tom's birthday came, I gave him a dictionaryas his birthday present. (提示:与生日搭配)

present a.(在座的,出席的,今天的,当前的)

He was present at yesterday's meeting but I didn't see him. (提示:后面出现了“在会议上”)

present v. (呈献,交出,提出,出示,描述)

Mr. Clinton was presented with abunch of flowers when he arrived at the airport. (提示:与之相搭配的状语是“一束鲜花”)

在2002年的职称英语词汇考试中就曾要求考生根据单词所在的搭配用法来判定词义。该考题为:The old lady let her flat to anEnglish couple. (A: offered B: rented C: provided D: sold ) 该题的答案应该是B(出租)。我们对let的常用含义

(让。。)和结构(let sb do sth./let's do sth.)很熟悉, 但可能就忽略了其“出租”的含义和用法(to let ahouse 出租房子)。借助动词let的宾语“房子”可以在let 的注释词条中找到“出租”这一含义。这道题的答案是B。

在2003年职称英语考题中也出现了需要借助搭配和/或句意来确认多义词词义的题:

Can you follow the plot?

A. change

B. investigate

C. write

D. understand

分析:根据画线词的搭配:plot(情节),判断follow (vt. 跟随, 追随, 理解, 遵循, 从事, 注视)在句子中的含义是“理解”,因此D是答案。

职称英语考试的词汇题部分对多义词或跨词类词的考察,通常都是集中在一些常见词上面。这样的词let以外,还有以下的一些词也值得大家在复习中注意:back(n.后面,v.支持,a. 后面的,过期的,adv.回来,恢复), light(n.光/灯,a.轻的,v.点亮), oil (n.油,v.上油), fuel (n.燃料,v.加燃料), fire(n.活,v.点燃,开枪,解雇),plant(n.植物,工厂,v种植), long(a.长的,adv.长期地, v.渴望), like (prep.象,如同, v.喜欢), right(n.权利,右边, a.正确的,adv.正确地,彻底地,在右边), hard (adv.努力地,牢固地,a.困难的,艰苦的), dead(a.死的,adv.完全地,突然地), but (conj.但是,prep.除。。以外,adv.仅仅)

补充:英语单词构成灵活,有一些单词就是两个英语单词

进行“裁剪”“整和”而成,如:

Sitcom = sit (uational) + com (edy)

smog = smo(ke) + f (og)

motel = mo(bile ) 汽车+ (ho)tel

为了拼写方便,英语中还有不少的省略词和省略词,需要了解的缩略词有:

fridge –refrigerator

flu–influenza

phone --telephone

需要记住以下的省略词:

ad. –advertisement

a.m. --〔拉丁语〕anno mund

p.m. --〔拉丁语〕postmeridiem

e.g. --〔拉丁语〕exempli gratia 例如(=for example)

职称英语核心词汇推荐(30单词):

act v. 行动,做,起作用,扮演角色n. 行为,法令;(act on: 遵照…行动,奉行)

action n. 行动;行为(take action /采取行动)

active adj. 活跃的;积极的

activity n. -ties 活动;行动(social activities /社会活动)actual adj. 实际的;真实的;

actually adv. 实际上;真实地;

adapt v. 使适应;使适合;改编;改装(adapt oneselfto sth.. /适应..)

add v. 加,增添(add up to/总计为,总数达)

in addition/加上,又, 另外;in addition to/加上, 除...外;

additional adj.附加的, 另外的; 补充的

address n.收信(件)人的住址v. 对...讲演或发表演说;(address a meeting 向大会致辞)

adequateadj. 足够的,恰当的,胜任的(be adequate for..胜任…)

adjust v. 调整;调节;使适合;使适应(adjustoneself to sth./使自己适应..)

admire v. 赞美;赞赏;(admire sb. forsth./因…而钦佩某人)

admit v. 让...进入, 使获得(某种地位或特权), 承认(事实、错误等) (admit sb.into the university/获准入大学; admit sb. to hospital/把某人收治入院);

adopt v.采用, 采纳

adult n. 成年人

advance v./n. 提高(物价等), 增加(数量、价钱等), 提前, 加速,拨快(时针) (in advance/预先)

advantage n. 优势, 长处, 利益, 便利(take advantage of/利用,欺骗)

adventure n. 冒险, 惊险活动

advertisement n. 广告(= ad)

advice n. 劝告, 忠告, 劝告,(a piece of advice/一条意见; give advice /提出忠告; take one'sadvice /接受忠告)advise v. 建议, 提意见, 通知, 告知(advise sb. to do sth./劝某人做某事,advise sb. that../通知某人某事)advisable adj. 明智的,可取的

affairn. 事情[件], [常用复] 事务, 事态(affairs of state/国务; foreign affairs /外交事务)

affect v. 影响, 对...起作用[反应], 感动, 患(病)

afford v. [常与can, could, be able to连用] 担负得起费用(损失、后果等)(can't afford to buy sth./买不起...)afraid adj. [常作表语]怕, 害怕, [口]恐怕(be afraid of/害怕, 担心; I'm afraid/[口]大概, 恐怕, 担心)

Africa n.非洲

After prep. 在。。以后,adv. 以后,后来conj, 在…以后

Again adv. 再一次,又一次again and again再三地,反复地

词汇题例题解析:

1.We are to advise you that thematter is under consideration.

A.inform B. suggest C. recommend D.advance

分析:根据划线词所在的搭配结构(advise sb. that../)判断advise 的含义是“通知”,所以答案是A。

经验提示:选项A,C和D 上容易设置答案。

inform sb. of sth./inform sb.that../把某事告诉某人

recommend sb. to do sth. 劝告某人做…

recommend that…建议..

suggest that...提议..

advance sb. sth. 提前给某人..

2.As ateacher you have to make use of your methods to suit the needs of slowerstudents.

A. adopt

B. adjust

C. adapt

D. acquire

分析:划线部分是短语,这个短语中有“use(用)”,依据此而推测这个短语的含义可能与“用”有关系。A和C拼写形式接近,所以重点注意(提示:答案往往出自有关系的被选项中),空格后出现宾语your methods(你的方法),与这个宾语能构成通顺搭配的是A (采用),“采用”与“用”的含义相关,因此推断答案就是A。

adjust sth. 调试../校准..

adjust oneself to one'senvironment 使自己适应环境

acquire sth.(养成…,获得…)

(完整)高中英语词性转换常见词汇

词性转换总结与归纳 动词变名词 announce—announcement通知 equip 装备---equipment 装备,器材(不可名) settle—settlement定居,安定 achieve---achievement 成就 amuse--amusement 娱乐 manage---management 经营管理 advertise--- advertisement广告 agree— agreement同意disgree—disagreement不同意 argue---argument争吵commit—commitment奉献 develop---development发展 govern 统治—government 政府 describe—description描写,描绘erupt—eruption爆发 affect—affection影响 satisfy—satisfaction满意,满足select—selection挑选,选择

permit—permission允许admit—admission承认,允许invite—invitation 邀请,请帖devote—devotion献身,专注apply—application申请,申请书produce—production生产,产品protect—protection保护 educate-----education教育consider—consideration考虑attract—attraction 吸引力,吸引instruct—instruction 指导,介绍discuss—discussion 讨论appreciate—appreciation感激,欣赏recognize—recognition认出conclude—conclusion 结论 decide----decision 决定compete—competition比赛 express 表达----expression 词语;表达方式graduate 毕业—graduation operate—operation操作,动手术organize----organization 组织imagine—imagination 想象力

人教版英语七年级—九年级重点单词以及词性转换练习(最新整理)

七年级上册英语单词 Unit1. 主格代词宾格代词形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词I yourself him her its them yourselves meet 中文词性同音词 question 中文词性反义词 boy 中文词性反义词复数 one 中文词性同音词序数词four 中文词性序数词 fourteen 中文词性序数词 forty 中文词性序数词 two 中文词性序数词 three 中文词性序数词 five 中文词性序数词 eight 中文词性序数词 nine 中文词性序数词 Unit 2 dictionary 中文词性复数 watch 中文词性复数 spell 中文词性过去式过去分词 lose 中文词性过去式过去分词find 中文词性过去式过去分词 Unit 3 father 中文词性同音词 this 中文词性复数 that 中文词性复数 photo 中文词性复数 Unit 4

where 中文词性同音词 know 中文词性同音词 video 中文词性复数 bring 中文词性过去式过去分词 Unit 5 Have 中文词性三单过去式过去分词good 中文词性反义词副词 many 中文词性比较级最高级 much 中文词性比较级最高级 little 中文词性比较级最高级 few 中文词性比较级最高级 interesting 中文词性名词形容词 boring 中文词性形容词 fun 中文词性形容词 difficult 中文词性名词 relaxing 中文词性动词形容词 Unit 6 tomato 中文词性复数 potato 中文词性复数 hero 中文词性复数 strawberry 中文词性复数 eat 中文词性过去式过去分词 run 中文词性过去式过去分词healthy 中文词性比较级名词 Unit 7 sale 中文词性动词 shoe 中文词性复数 big 中文词性反义词 short 中文词性反义词 buy 中文词性过去式过去分词 afford 中文词性 offer 中文词性 Unit 8 birthday 中文词性复数

人教版高中英语必修1重点词 词性转换

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初中英语单词分类大全(打印版)

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初中英语单词词性转换规律及单词记忆背诵技巧

初中英语单词词性转换规律及单词记忆背诵技巧 01 动词变名词 1.v+ ment 结尾 achieve —— achievement 成就 advertise —— advertisement 广告 agree —— agreement 同意 amuse——amusement 娱乐 commit —— commitment 奉献 develop —— development 发展 disagree —— disagreement 不赞同 equip 装备—— equipment 装备,器材 govern 统治—— government 政府 manage——management 经营,管理 argue —— argument 争吵 2.V+ ion 结尾 attract —— attraction 吸引 discuss —— discussion 讨论 express ——-expression 词语;表达 instruct —— instruction 指导,介绍 invent—— invention 发明 predict ——prediction 预言

impress —— impression 印象 suggest ——suggestion 建议,暗示educate —— education 教育 graduate —— graduation 毕业 operate —— operation 操作,动手术illustrate —— illustration 阐明,举例说明pollute —— pollution 污染 introduce ——introduction 介绍organize ——organization组织 imagine —— imagination 想象力inspire——inspiration 灵感,鼓舞人心的invite —— invitation 邀请 compete —— competition 竞争,比赛pronounce ——pronunciation发音 admit —— admission 承认 permit —— permission 允许 conclude —— conclusion 结论 decide —— decision 决定 describe —— description描写,描绘resolve —— resolution 决心 solve ——solution 解决方法 3.V+ ance 结尾 allow —— allowance 允许

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选修七 Unitl 1. profit n.收益;利润;盈利—profitable adj.有益的;有利可图的 2. companion n. 同伴;伙伴—company n.公司;商号;陪伴;同伴 3. adaptvt.使适应;改编—adaptationn. [U,C]适应;改编;改编的作品 4. absencen. [C, U]缺席;[U]缺乏—absentadj.缺席的;缺乏的—(presentadj.出席的;在场的 5. accessn. [U](接近的)方法;通路;可接近性(熟词生义)vt.进入;使用—accessibleadj.可接近的;可进入的;可使用的 6. annoy vt.使. 不悦;惹恼—annoyedadj.颇为生气的—annoying adj.使人烦恼的—annoyancen. [U]恼 火 7. congratulatevt.祝贺;庆贺—congratulation n. [C]祝贺;贺词 8. beneficialadj.有益的;受益的—benefitn. & v.利益;好处;使受益 9. approval n. [U , C]赞成;认可—approvev.支持;赞成;同意—(disapprovev不赞成—approving adj. 赞许的 10. encouragementi. [U , C]鼓励;奖励—en couragev 鼓励;鼓舞—encouraging adj.鼓舞人心的—encouragedadj.受到鼓舞的—couragen - [U]勇气;胆量 ".disability n. [U , C]伤残;无力;无能—disable vt.使残废;使失去能力—disabled adj.伤残的 12. ambition n. [U , C]雄心;野心—ambitious adj.有雄心的;有野心的 13. noisy adj.吵闹的;喧闹的—noisily ad v.吵闹地—noise n. [U , C]噪音 14. resign vi. & vt.辞职;辞去 15. conduct n. [U]行为;品行vt.指挥;管理;主持—conductive adj.传导性的;有传导力的—conduction n.传导;输送 16. entry n.项目;进入;入口—entrancen.入口;进入;登场—enter v.进入 17. abolish vt.废除;废止—abolition n.废除;废止 18. resign vi. & vt.辞职;辞去(工作;职位等)—resig nation n.辞职;辞呈 19. slavery n.奴隶制—slave n.奴隶 20. assistance n.协助;援助—assist vt.帮助;协助—assistant n.助手,助理 21. architect n.建筑师—architecture n.建筑学 22. adequate adj. 足够的;充分的—adequately adv.足够地;充分地—adequacy n.足够;适当 23. handy adj.方便的;有用的—hand n.手;协助;手艺v.给;传

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