最新胎心监护知识考试题

西安现代妇产医院胎心监护知识测试题

时间：姓名：科室：成绩：

一、填空题：（每空6分，共30分）

1、EFM

2、正弦波有着非常特殊的临床意义，往往预示胎儿已存在（），常见于（、）病例，需要特别引起重视。

2、早期减速（ED）缓慢地下降到最低点再恢复到基线，开始到最低点的时间（），减速的最低点常与宫缩的（）。

3、晚期减速（LD）：伴随宫缩出现的减速，通常是对称地、缓慢地下降到最低点再恢复到基线，开始到最低点的时间（），减速的最低点通常延迟于（）。

4、变异减速（VD）：开始最低点时间（），胎心率下降≥ 15 次/min，持续时间≥ 15 s，但＜2 min。当变异减速伴随宫缩，减速的起始、深度和持续时间与宫缩之间（）。

5、CST 的适应证：当EFM 反复出现NST 无反应型，可疑（），可行CST进一步评估胎儿宫内缺氧状态。

二、判断题（每题5分，共40）

1、NST 无反应型：指超过40 min没有足够的胎心加速，研究示，妊娠24~28 周，50%的NST 为无反应型妊娠；妊娠28~32 周，约15% 的NST 为无反应型（）

2、50% 的NST 图形中可能观察到变异减速。当变异减速类型为非反复性，且减速时间＜30 s 时，通常与胎儿并发症无关，需产科干预。（）

3、对于反复性变异减速（20 min 内至少3 次），即使减速时间＜30 s，也提示胎儿存在一定危险。如NST 图形中减速持续1 min 以上，胎死宫内的风险将显著增加，是否终止妊娠，应取决于继续期待的利弊风险评估（）

4、当出现Ⅱ类或Ⅲ类EFM 图形时，随着宫内复苏措施的实施或产程进展，Ⅱ类EFM 图形可转变为Ⅰ类或Ⅲ类图形。（）

5、当NST 严重异常，如出现正弦波形时，胎儿宫内缺氧状态已非常明确，需要进行CST，进一步明确抢救胎儿的时机。（）

6、Ⅲ类为异常EFM 图形，对于预测胎儿正在或即将出现窒息、神经系统损伤、胎死宫内有很高预测价值，由此一旦出现，需要给予吸氧等宫内复苏措施。（错）

7、由于EFM 图形反映的是胎儿在监护时间内酸碱平衡状态，故常需要对其进行动态观察，以动态了解胎儿宫内情况（）

8、当出现Ⅱ类EFM 图形时，随着宫内复苏措施的实施或产程的进展，Ⅱ类EFM 图形不能转变为Ⅰ类或Ⅲ类EFM 图形。（）

三、简答题（共30分）

1、比较妇产科八版教材与《中华医学会2015版胎心监护应用专家共识》EFM 的首次检查时间有什么不同？

答：

2、NST、CST和产时胎监如何判读？

答：M1U3

Wang Kun and Wang Wei had 1._______ of taking a bike trip for a long time. After they 2.______ from college, they were 3. ________ to cycle along the Mekong River. In order to do the trip 4.________, they went to the library and found a large 5._____ with good maps in it. After a careful study of the maps, they found the 6._____ of the river and made up their 7._____ to begin their journey at an 8.______of 5000 meters.

During their journey, they enjoyed the beautiful scenery of glaciers, deep 9._____, waterfalls and plains. Finally, they reached Dali 10._______ Dao Wei and Yu Huang joined them. This was a really interesting experience.

1. dreamed

2. graduated

3. determined

4. properly

5. atlas

6. source

7.minds

8. altitude

9. valleys 10. where

M1U4

At about 3:00 am on July 28, 1976, people in the city of Tangshan were asleep as usual without thinking 1.______ of the strange signs of the earthquake.

At 3:42 am everything began to 2.______. The greatest earthquake of the 20th century began eleven kilometers 3._______ below the city. It was heard in Beijing, which is two hundred kilometers away. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in 4.______. Two-thirds of the people died or were 5._______during the earthquake. The survivors couldn’t believe it was natural. Nearly everything was 6.______. Most of the buildings were gone, and many farm animals died. Then later that afternoon, 7._______ big quake shook Tangshan. Some of the 8._______ workers and doctors were 9.______ under the ruins.

All hope was not lost. The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Slowly, the city began to 10.________ again.

1. much

2. shake

3. directly

4. ruins

5. injured

6. destroyed

7. another

8. rescue

9. trapped 10. breathe

M1U5