论农村留守儿童的权益保护问题

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摘要

农村留守儿童的权益保护问题已受到多方关注，因为监护人的缺失和教育的不完善，给许多留守儿童的身心成长造成了不少负面影响。在近年来我国经济飞速发展的情形下，留守儿童这种由经济转型引发的社会现象急需深入和解决。本论文意在从留守儿童面临的生存问题，教育问题以及人身安全问题着手，探讨和分析这些问题的成因，并思考解决相应问题的对策和建议。如何让留守儿童拥有正常阳光的成长环境，值得愿意了解的人们去深思，去用心体会。

本课题围绕农村留守儿童的权益保护问题开展研究。在城乡二元制背景下，农村留守儿权益问题已存在多年且亟待解决，媒体和政府也已多次投以关注目光。经过笔者查阅相关资料的初步了解，农村留守儿童的权益保护现状可大致分为三部分。首先是基本生存问题。因为农村留守儿童多由隔代亲属如爷爷奶奶等监护人看护照料其日常生活，而上了年纪的老人难免有体力上的不济或者观念上的落后，因而可能会带来留守儿童成长中的种种隐患；其次是受教育权的问题。由于留守儿童家庭结构上的缺陷，难免会造成看管教育的缺失，甚至有些留守儿童会做出辍学的选择，在毫无自觉的情况下就此放弃了学习和自身发展的机会；再者是外界伤害问题。农村留守儿童也许会面临歧视等造成心灵伤害的问题，也有可能因为监护人的缺失而受到不法分子的人身伤害。根据农村留守儿童所面临的种种问题，本课题将进一步思考应对这些问题的对策和建议。主要将从完善相关法律法规，发挥农村社区职能，社会援助和政策引导四个方面进行研究和阐述。

儿童是祖国的希望，民族的未来。农村留守儿童更是急需关注和关怀的祖国花朵的重要一分子。笔者希望通过此课题的研究，能增加对农村留守儿童权益问题的了解，能为农村留守儿童获得更好的成长坏境添一分助力。

关键词：留守儿童权益对策

Abstract

The protection of the rights and interests of the left behind children has been concerned by many parties, because the lack of guardians and the imperfection of education have caused many negative effects on many left behind children's physical and mental development. In the case of rapid economic development in China in recent years, the social phenomenon caused by the economic transformation of the left behind children is urgently needed and solved. The purpose of this paper is to explore and analyze the causes of these problems from the perspective of survival problems, education problems and personal safety problems of left behind children, and think about countermeasures and suggestions to solve the corresponding problems. How to let the left behind children have the normal growth environment of the sun, should be willing to understand the people to think deeply, to experience.

This topic focuses on the protection of the rights and interests of the left behind children in rural areas. The media and the government have also paid attention to it many times. After the author's preliminary understanding of the relevant information, the status of the protection of the rights and interests of the children in rural areas can be divided into three parts. The first is the basic survival problem. Because of rural left-behind children by relatives such as grandparents grandparents and other guardians care for their daily life, while the elderly is physically incompetent or lagging behind, which may bring behind various risks in children's growth; the second is the right to education problems. Due to the defect of family structure of left behind children, it will inevitably lead to the lack of caregiving education. According to the problems faced by the rural left behind children, this topic will further reflect on the countermeasures and suggestions to deal with these problems. Mainly from the improvement of relevant laws and regulations, play the role of the rural community, social assistance and policy guidance four aspects of research and exposition.

Keywords:left-behind children，rights and interests，support