高考英语虚拟语气

eg. If I were you, I should study English. If he had time, he would attend the meeting.
If you had come yesterday, you would have met him.
If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.
Subjunctive mood
It looks as if Harry Potter were a grown-up. Is he a grown-up?
I wish every day were Sunday. Is every day Sunday?
这种表示假定、想象、 愿望等的非事实观念的语
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7.阅历之所以会对读书所得产生深浅 有别的 影响， 原因在 于阅读 并非是 对作品 的简单 再现， 而是一 个积极 主动的 再创造 过程， 人生的 经历与 生活的 经验都 会参与 进来。
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8.少年时阅历不够丰富，洞察力、理 解力有 所欠缺 ，所以 在读书 时往往 容易只 看其中 一点或 几点， 对书中 蕴含的 丰富意 义难以 全面把 握。
4. It is/was+ adj./n.如： important, necessary, natural, possible, strange, a pity/a shame, no wonder, desirable
主语从句中用 (should)+动词原 形
主语从句中用 (should)+动词原 形
动词的虚拟语气形式
1.与现在事实相反: 过去式(be多用were) 2.与过去事实相反: had+过去分词 3.与将来事实相反: would+动词原形
注：as if /though 表示“有可能实现的事实”时，从句用陈述语
气。
eg.It is so cloudy. It looks as if it is going to rain.
注意: insist作“坚持认为”，“坚持说”解，suggest表 示“表明”，“暗示”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气，用 陈述语气。 eg.Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.
We insisted that she (should) go with us.
him. Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would
come.
注意
(3) 含蓄条件句：虚拟条件暗含在介词短语或上下文 中，从句不表现出来。
eg.I could never go to college without his help.
(= If there were not his help…)
注意
(5) If only… (“要是…多好呀”)引导的感叹
句
If only +主语 +
过去式（与现在或将来相反） 过去完成（与过去相反）
eg. If only I had taken his advice! (it would have been better)
我要是听他的话就好了!
If only I had wings!
But for (要不是)your help, we should have failed.
(= If it had not been for your help…)
But that I saw, I wouldn’t have believed it. (= If I hadn’t seen it…) I was ill that day. Otherwise I would have come.
（七）虚拟语气在简单句中的应用 1）表示说话人谦虚，客气，使语气委婉。 It would be better for you not to stay up too late. Would you be kind enough to open the door? 2) 用于一些习惯表达法中。 Would you like a cup of tea? May you be happy! May you succeed !
2.与上述动词相对应的名词如： 表语从句,同位语从
suggestion,order,proposal,plan,idea, command,request等后接的表语从 句/同位语从句。
句中用(should)+动 词原形
( 三) 几种常用虚拟语气的句型:
句型
动词的虚拟语气形式
3.It is/was+上述动词的过去分词 (suggested, demanded等）+ that 主语从句
Jane’s pale face suggested that she was ill,and her parents suggested that she have a medical examination.
(四)as if / though引导的状语从句
从句
as if / though 引导的状语 从句
气就叫虚拟语气。
英语的语气分三大类：
陈述语气：用来叙述一件事实。 祈使语气：表达说话人的请求或命令。 虚拟语气：表示说话人的愿望,假设,猜测或建议, 而不是表示客观存在的事实。
虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法: ( 一 ) 用于条件状语从句
1、真实条件句和虚拟条件句
真实条件句：If I have time, I shall(will) go to see you. If you move, I’ll shoot you.
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1.情节是叙事性文学作品内容构成的 要素之 一,是叙 事作品 中表现 人物之 间相互 关系的 一系列 生活事 件的发 展过程 。
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2.它由一系列展示人物性格,反映人物 与人物 、人物 与环境 之间相 互关系 的具体 事件构 成。
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3.把握好故事情节,是欣赏小说的基础,也是整 体感知 小说的 起点。 命题者 在为小 说命题 时,也必 定以情 节为出 发点,从整体 上设置 理解小 说内容 的试题 。通常 从情节 梳理、 情节作 用两方 面设题 考查。
If it were not for…
“如果没有… ”, 表示同现在事实相反的假设
If it had not been for…
“如果当时没有”, 与过去事实Hale Waihona Puke Baidu反的假设
eg. If it were not for his help, I could never go to college.
If it had not been for your help, we should have failed.
(= If I hadn’t been ill that day, I would have come.)
I would have visited you last week, but I was so busy. (= If I had not been so busy, …)
注意
(4)特殊结构的条件句
与将来 事实相 反
动词的过去式或
should/were to+ 动词原形
主句
主语 + would /should/could/ might +动词原形
主语 + would/should/could/ might + have + 过去分词
主语 + would/should/could/ might + 动词原形
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9.自信让我们充满激情。有了自信， 我们才 能怀着 坚定的 信心和 希望， 开始伟 大而光 荣的事 业。自 信的人 有勇气 交往与 表达， 有信心 尝试与 坚持， 能够展 现优势 与才华 ，激发 潜能与 活力， 获得更 多的实 践机会 与创造 可能。
感谢观看，欢迎指导！
(二）wish 引导的宾语从句
从句
动词的虚拟语气形式
wish 引导的 宾语从句
1.与现在事实相反: 过去式(be多用were) 2.与过去事实相反: had+过去分词 3.与将来事实相反: would+动词原形
eg. I wish everyone were active in the lesson. I wish I had done better in the mid-term exam. I wish (that) you would get a
good job.
( 三) 几种常用虚拟语气的句型:
句型
动词的虚拟语气形式
1.动词+宾语从句
一个坚持: insist 坚持(应该/做…)
宾语从句中用
两个命令: order,command 三个建议: suggest,propose,advise
(should)+动词原 形
四个要求: desire,demand,ask,require
If I had spoken to him yesterday, I should know what to do now.
注意
（ 2 ）从句省略if , 用倒装句式“were,had,should+主语”
eg. Were I in school again, I would work harder. Had you been here earlier, you would have seen
（五）It is time that…句式的虚拟语气形式
句型
It is ( high )time ( that )…
谓语动词的虚拟语气形式
动词过去式（be多用were）或 should+动词原形 (不能省)
eg.It’s time that you should go to school. went
If it were to/should rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
注意
（1 ）当条件状语从句的行为和主句表示的行为所发 生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时 间来调整。(混合时间条件句)
eg. If you had followed the doctor’s advice, you would be quite all right now.(从句指过去,主句指现在)
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4.根据结构来梳理。按照情节的开端 、发展 、高潮 和结局 来划分 文章层 次,进而 梳理情 节。
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5.根据场景来梳理。一般一个场景可 以梳理 为一个 情节。 小说中 的场景 就是不 同时间 人物活 动的场 所。
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6.根据线索来梳理。抓住线索是把握 小说故 事发展 的关键 。线索 有单线 和双线 两种。 双线一 般分明 线和暗 线。高 考考查 的小说 往往较 简单,线 索也一 般是单 线式。
虚拟条件句: If I were a bird, I would fly there. If I were a student, I would do it.
2、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法
从句
与现在 If +主语+动词过
事实相 去式（be动词一
反
律用were)
与过去
事实相 反
If +主语+had+ 过去分词