英语比较级的用法
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Comparative&Superlati ve
英语系
“比较”出来的英语
1. A friend is easier lost than found. 2. Enough is as good as a feast. 3. Better to do well than to say well.
他不过是个孩子, 所以我根本不把他当回事. He is no more than a child, so I don’t take him too seriously. 2) no more... than.../not any more... than...表示前者和后者 一样都不…… 杰克和约翰谁都不努力 Jack works no harder than John. 这本书和那本书都没有趣. This book is no more interesting than that one.
朋友易失不易得。 知足常乐。 说得好不如干得好。
宁可最后微笑，不可首先狂喜。
会说不如会做。 两人智慧胜一人。
善始好，善终更佳。
百闻不如一见
一、形容词、副词比较级的构成：（分规则变化和不规 则变化两种情况） （一）规则变化 构成方式 单音节词在词尾加-er 以e节尾的单音节词在词尾加r 原级 short large big thin happy 比较级 shorter larger bigger thinner happier
三、比较级特殊用法： （一）、倍数的表达法 ①“倍数+形容词（或副词）的比较级+than+从句” ②“倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+从句” ③“倍数+the size/height/length/width，etc.+of…” 翻译： 这辆小车的速度比那辆卡车快两倍。
The car runs twice faster than that truck. The car runs 3 times as fast as that truck.
三、比较级特殊用法： （四）、no more than 和 no more … than的用法 1) no more than=not any more than=only，后跟名词或数 词。教室里只有10个学生. There are no more than ten students in the classroom.
√ √
√
√
★表示最高级的特殊结构
(1)no, nothing, can’t, never 等否定词+ 比较级，
如： Nobody can sing better than her in our class. (= She sings best in our class) I have never seen a taller man. (=He is the tallest man I have ever seen.) (2) than any other, than anyone else, than any of the other+ …….等结构，如： He runs faster than anyone else in his school. She plays the guitar better than any of the others in her class.
4. Better the last smile than the first
laughter. 5. Doing is better than saying. 6. Two heads are better than one. 7. Good to begin well, better to end well. 8. An eye finds more truth than two ears.
天气变得越来越冷了。 It is getting colder and colder.
三、比较级特殊用法： （三）、“越……，就越……” the +比较级，the+比较级 翻译： 你越努力，你就能取得越大的进步。
The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 年龄越大，记忆力就会越差。 The older we grow, the poorer memory you will have.
三、比较级特殊用法： （五）、 not more than和not more... than…的用法 1) not more than+数词，“至多，不超过” 教室里最多有10个学生. There are not more than ten students in the classroom. 最多有1000个人参加了那个会议. Not more than 1,000 people attended the meeting.
二、误用修饰语
比较级前常可有much，no，any，rather，far，
a little，a lot，even，still等词来修饰，但是， 当比较结构为“more＋复数名词”时，要用 many来修饰，而不能用much。若是more后跟 不可数名词则用much来修饰。如： The little boy has much more bread than his sister．
A<B
A…+less+adj/adv+than B（A不如B）
Eg. 1. Dick is as tall as his brother. 2. I can run as fast as you. 3. This dictionary is better than that one. 4. I can run faster than you. 5. This book is less interesting than that one.
三、词序不得当
对比较级中一些复杂句子的语序混淆不清，只考虑了 中文意思，却忽略了英语习惯表达方式 : 汤姆似乎不如吉姆那样是个好孩子。 误：Tom doesn‘t seem to be as a good boy as Jim． 正：Tom doesn‘t seem to be as good a boy as Jim． 当as．．．as．．．这种结构表示同等程度的对比与 名词限定词a或an连用时，形容词总是放在a或an的 前面。
前一个比较对象是不可数名词，那么后一个比 较对象则可用that替代，若是可数名词，则可 用one，ones或those替代，这些替代词不可以 没有。例如： 这个书架上的书比那个书架上的书有趣. The books on this shelf are more interesting than the ones（those）on that shelf．
但要注意比较的范围，如果主语属
于“than”后面的范围中的一部分， 就一定要使用else或other，如： He is taller than any other boy in his class (对比：He is taller than any girls.)
一、比较对象不明
比较级句型中的前后比较对象要保持一致。若
2) not more... than…, 前者不比后者更……， 杰克不如约翰努力 Jack doesn’t work harder than John. 这本书不如那本书有趣. This book is not more interesting than that one.
三、比较级特殊用法： （六）、形容词和副词比较级的修饰成份 ① 表示“比……得多”：much, a lot, a great deal, far, by far ②表示“比……一点点”：a bit, a little, slightly ③表示“比……更，甚至”：still, even, yet ④ 疑问句中常用any修饰比较级表示“一点儿” Eg: 1. This method is much easier. 2. I am slightly taller than he . 3. When praised, a child will study still harder. 4. Are you feeling any better today?
far
many/much little old well badly
farther, further
more less older, elder better
worse
二、比较级的基本用法：
比较形式 使用句型
A…+as+原级+as B (A…+not +as/so +原级+as B)
A=B
A>B
A…+more+adj/adv+than B（A超过B）
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
The car runs 3 times the speed of that truck.
三、比较级特殊用法： （二）、越来越…… ①“more and more +adj./adv.”或 ②“比较级+and+比较级” 翻译： 英语变得越来越重要了。 English is becoming more and more important.
1. You are standing too near the camera. Can you move ____? A. a bit far B. a litter farther C. a bit of farther D. a littler far 2. He spoke English well indeed, but of course not ___ a native speaker. A. as fluent as B. more fluent than C. so fluent as D. much fluently than 3. The number of people present at the concert was ___ than expected. There were many tickets left. A. much smaller B. much more C. much large D. many more 4. Our neighbor has ____ ours. A. as a big house as B. as big a house as C. The same big house as D. a house the same big as
以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母的重 读闭音节，双写词尾加er 以辅音加y结尾的词，把y变i 再加er
大多数双音节词和多音节词在前加 more
more difficult difficult
（二）不规则变化：不规则变化的形容词或副词几乎没 有规律。 原级 good bad/ill 比较级
better
worse
√
√
√
√
5. The house rent is expensive. I have got about half the space I had at home and I am paying ____ here. A. as three times much B. as much three times C. much as three times D. three times as much as 6. John is taller than ____ in his class. A. any girls B. any other boy C. other girls D. any boy 7. Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often ____ or better than an actual performances. A. as good as B. as good C. as well as D. good as 8. –Are you feeling ___ better today? --- No, I am feeling ___ worse. A. by far; quite B. more; very C. fairly, rather D. any; even
英语系
“比较”出来的英语
1. A friend is easier lost than found. 2. Enough is as good as a feast. 3. Better to do well than to say well.
他不过是个孩子, 所以我根本不把他当回事. He is no more than a child, so I don’t take him too seriously. 2) no more... than.../not any more... than...表示前者和后者 一样都不…… 杰克和约翰谁都不努力 Jack works no harder than John. 这本书和那本书都没有趣. This book is no more interesting than that one.
朋友易失不易得。 知足常乐。 说得好不如干得好。
宁可最后微笑，不可首先狂喜。
会说不如会做。 两人智慧胜一人。
善始好，善终更佳。
百闻不如一见
一、形容词、副词比较级的构成：（分规则变化和不规 则变化两种情况） （一）规则变化 构成方式 单音节词在词尾加-er 以e节尾的单音节词在词尾加r 原级 short large big thin happy 比较级 shorter larger bigger thinner happier
三、比较级特殊用法： （一）、倍数的表达法 ①“倍数+形容词（或副词）的比较级+than+从句” ②“倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+从句” ③“倍数+the size/height/length/width，etc.+of…” 翻译： 这辆小车的速度比那辆卡车快两倍。
The car runs twice faster than that truck. The car runs 3 times as fast as that truck.
三、比较级特殊用法： （四）、no more than 和 no more … than的用法 1) no more than=not any more than=only，后跟名词或数 词。教室里只有10个学生. There are no more than ten students in the classroom.
√ √
√
√
★表示最高级的特殊结构
(1)no, nothing, can’t, never 等否定词+ 比较级，
如： Nobody can sing better than her in our class. (= She sings best in our class) I have never seen a taller man. (=He is the tallest man I have ever seen.) (2) than any other, than anyone else, than any of the other+ …….等结构，如： He runs faster than anyone else in his school. She plays the guitar better than any of the others in her class.
4. Better the last smile than the first
laughter. 5. Doing is better than saying. 6. Two heads are better than one. 7. Good to begin well, better to end well. 8. An eye finds more truth than two ears.
天气变得越来越冷了。 It is getting colder and colder.
三、比较级特殊用法： （三）、“越……，就越……” the +比较级，the+比较级 翻译： 你越努力，你就能取得越大的进步。
The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 年龄越大，记忆力就会越差。 The older we grow, the poorer memory you will have.
三、比较级特殊用法： （五）、 not more than和not more... than…的用法 1) not more than+数词，“至多，不超过” 教室里最多有10个学生. There are not more than ten students in the classroom. 最多有1000个人参加了那个会议. Not more than 1,000 people attended the meeting.
二、误用修饰语
比较级前常可有much，no，any，rather，far，
a little，a lot，even，still等词来修饰，但是， 当比较结构为“more＋复数名词”时，要用 many来修饰，而不能用much。若是more后跟 不可数名词则用much来修饰。如： The little boy has much more bread than his sister．
A<B
A…+less+adj/adv+than B（A不如B）
Eg. 1. Dick is as tall as his brother. 2. I can run as fast as you. 3. This dictionary is better than that one. 4. I can run faster than you. 5. This book is less interesting than that one.
三、词序不得当
对比较级中一些复杂句子的语序混淆不清，只考虑了 中文意思，却忽略了英语习惯表达方式 : 汤姆似乎不如吉姆那样是个好孩子。 误：Tom doesn‘t seem to be as a good boy as Jim． 正：Tom doesn‘t seem to be as good a boy as Jim． 当as．．．as．．．这种结构表示同等程度的对比与 名词限定词a或an连用时，形容词总是放在a或an的 前面。
前一个比较对象是不可数名词，那么后一个比 较对象则可用that替代，若是可数名词，则可 用one，ones或those替代，这些替代词不可以 没有。例如： 这个书架上的书比那个书架上的书有趣. The books on this shelf are more interesting than the ones（those）on that shelf．
但要注意比较的范围，如果主语属
于“than”后面的范围中的一部分， 就一定要使用else或other，如： He is taller than any other boy in his class (对比：He is taller than any girls.)
一、比较对象不明
比较级句型中的前后比较对象要保持一致。若
2) not more... than…, 前者不比后者更……， 杰克不如约翰努力 Jack doesn’t work harder than John. 这本书不如那本书有趣. This book is not more interesting than that one.
三、比较级特殊用法： （六）、形容词和副词比较级的修饰成份 ① 表示“比……得多”：much, a lot, a great deal, far, by far ②表示“比……一点点”：a bit, a little, slightly ③表示“比……更，甚至”：still, even, yet ④ 疑问句中常用any修饰比较级表示“一点儿” Eg: 1. This method is much easier. 2. I am slightly taller than he . 3. When praised, a child will study still harder. 4. Are you feeling any better today?
far
many/much little old well badly
farther, further
more less older, elder better
worse
二、比较级的基本用法：
比较形式 使用句型
A…+as+原级+as B (A…+not +as/so +原级+as B)
A=B
A>B
A…+more+adj/adv+than B（A超过B）
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
The car runs 3 times the speed of that truck.
三、比较级特殊用法： （二）、越来越…… ①“more and more +adj./adv.”或 ②“比较级+and+比较级” 翻译： 英语变得越来越重要了。 English is becoming more and more important.
1. You are standing too near the camera. Can you move ____? A. a bit far B. a litter farther C. a bit of farther D. a littler far 2. He spoke English well indeed, but of course not ___ a native speaker. A. as fluent as B. more fluent than C. so fluent as D. much fluently than 3. The number of people present at the concert was ___ than expected. There were many tickets left. A. much smaller B. much more C. much large D. many more 4. Our neighbor has ____ ours. A. as a big house as B. as big a house as C. The same big house as D. a house the same big as
以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母的重 读闭音节，双写词尾加er 以辅音加y结尾的词，把y变i 再加er
大多数双音节词和多音节词在前加 more
more difficult difficult
（二）不规则变化：不规则变化的形容词或副词几乎没 有规律。 原级 good bad/ill 比较级
better
worse
√
√
√
√
5. The house rent is expensive. I have got about half the space I had at home and I am paying ____ here. A. as three times much B. as much three times C. much as three times D. three times as much as 6. John is taller than ____ in his class. A. any girls B. any other boy C. other girls D. any boy 7. Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often ____ or better than an actual performances. A. as good as B. as good C. as well as D. good as 8. –Are you feeling ___ better today? --- No, I am feeling ___ worse. A. by far; quite B. more; very C. fairly, rather D. any; even