升降台的液压系统设计

学士学位论文升降台的液压系统设计

姓名：封爱成

学号：201215310108

指导教师：李垒

学院：机电工程学院

专业：机械设计制造及其自动化完成日期：××××年×月×日

原创性声明

本人郑重声明：所提交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下，独立进行研究取得的成果。除文中已经注明引用的内容外，论文中不含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果，也不包含为获得枣庄学院或其他教育机构的学位证书而使用过的材料。对本文的研究作出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人承担本声明的相应责任。

学位论文作者签名：日期

指导教师签名：日期

目录

摘要---------------------------------------------------------------4

Abstrack-----------------------------------------------------------5绪论---------------------------------------------------------------4

第1章确定液压系统方案

1.1确定基本回路

1.1.1卸荷回路的确定-----------------------------------------6

1.1.2调速回路的确定-----------------------------------------8

1.1.3保压回路的确定-----------------------------------------10

1.2液压传动系统的形式确定------------------------------------12

1.3液压系统原理图--------------------------------------------13

第2章设计选择液压元件、辅件

2.1确定液压缸系数

2.1.1选择系统初压力-----------------------------------------13

2.2液压缸辅助元件的计算和选择--------------------------------14

2.3油箱的设计

2.3.1油箱的设计要点-----------------------------------------15

2.3.2油箱容积计算-------------------------------------------16

2.4其他元、辅件的选择

2.4.1吸油滤油器--------------------------------------------16

2.4.2选择滤油器的基本要求----------------------------------16

2.4.3溢流阀的选择------------------------------------------16

2.4.4单向节流阀的选择--------------------------------------17

2.4.5液控单向阀的选择--------------------------------------17

2.5液压系统的性能验算

2.5.1压力损失的计算----------------------------------------17

2.5.2效率的计算--------------------------------------------18

2.5.3系统发热与温度计算------------------------------------18

2.5.3液压系统的一般使用与维护------------------------------18第3章结论-------------------------------------------------------19

致谢

摘要

液压传动在传送过程中既能实现无极变素又调速方便，简化了机械结构和零件数目，使生产成本大大降低。近年来液压技术又与自动控制技术相结合，使其控制变得越发简单，其众多优点收到了人们的欢迎。液压系统中始终充满油液，能对各部件起到冷却和润滑作用、降低摩擦，能轻松实现过载保护。

液压升降台升降平稳、安全可靠、操作简单，广泛应用于生产流水线和仓库货物的升降。这套设备主要用于举升重物，设它的举升高度为1米，举升重量为一吨，升降台升降速度0.02m/S。主要靠两个双作用液压缸推动“X“型架带动上板来实现。在液压系统的设计过程中，首先进行了总体方案设计，调速回来我选择了进油口节流调速，卸荷回路选择了使用二位二通电磁换向阀的卸荷回路，保压回路我选自了用液控单向阀的保压回路。在确定了各种回路之后，考虑到所设计的系统简单和散热条件好等优点决定把传动系统定为开式系统，其后又对液压元件及其辅件进行了设计、选择、校核。经计算后液压缸选定为45毫米的液压缸，液压泵选定为轮轮泵。在确定泵后，对其他的元件及辅件进行了合理的选择。

关键词：液压；升降台；平稳可靠

Abstract

The hydraulic transmission is originated in the west of a kind of advanced technology, in the process of transmitting both can realize the infinite variable and speed regulation, convenient and simplify the mechanical structure and number of parts, lower the production cost greatly. Hydraulic technology in recent years and combined with automatic control technology, make its control become more simple, its many advantages received the welcome of people. Always full of oil in the hydraulic system, can to parts cooling and lubrication, reduce friction, can easily achieve overload protection.

Hydraulic lifting platform lift smooth, safe and reliable, simple operation, widely used in the production line and warehouse the goods lift. This equipment is mainly used for lifting heavy weights, set its lifting height is 1 m, lifting weight for a tonne, mainly by two double-acting hydraulic cylinder pushing "X" type rack drive the upper plate. In the process of the design of the hydraulic system, first has carried on the overall scheme design, speed back I chose inlet throttling control of motor speed, unloading loop chose to use two two-way electromagnetic directional valve of unloading loop, pressure maintaining circuit I selected from the use of hydraulic controlled check valve pressure loop. After determine the various circuits, I consider that I design the system of the advantages of simple and cooling conditions good decided to drive system as the open system, then on the auxiliary hydraulic components and parts design, selection, respectively. After calculating the hydraulic cylinder is selected for 45 mm hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic pump selected for rounds of pump. After determining the pump, other auxiliary components and parts for the reasonable choice.